Energy Review

Oil

advantages :Found all over the world; easy to transport disadvantages: Environmental damage possible; nonrenewable; produces greenhouse gases

coal

advantages :Found all over the world; easy to transport; Cheap disadvantages:Environmental damage to get it; the burning releases greenhouse gases; Dirtiest burning

Geothermal

advantages: Does not produce greenhouse gases; free energy source disadvantages:Not available everywhere; expensive to build and maintain

Hydropower

advantages: No greenhouse gases produced; water is free disadvantages:Dams can be expensive; can be harmful to environment

Wind

advantages: Not expensive; does not produce greenhouse gases disadvantages: Do not like how they look; not always windy; need a large amount of turbines to get energy

Biomass

advantages: Uses waste to make energy; cheap disadvantages:The burning produces greenhouse gases; takes a large amount of land

Nuclear Power

advantages:Does not produce greenhouse gases; only need a small amount to make a large amount of energy disadvantages:Nuclear waste is harmful; limited supply

Natural Gas

advantages:Found all over the world; easy to transport; burns cleaner than other fossil fuels disadvantages :Environmental damage possible; nonrenewable; produces greenhouse gases

Solal

advantages:Light is free; no greenhouse gases produced; can get little or lots of energy from sunlight disadvantages:Can be expensive; no energy stored at night or on cloudy days

Energy in a flashlight battery changes from

chemical energy to electrical energy to light energy.

Your burn your hand by touching a hot stove .

Conduction

Hot aire ballons rises .

Convection

Macaroni rises and falls in a pot of heated water

Convection

The Material in a lava lamo rises anf falls.

Convection

The air near the ceiling in a room is warmer than the air neat the floor.

Convection

Power plants burn coal, releasing the stored chemical energy as heat, or thermal energy.

Chemical ---→ Thermal

The thermal energy from burning coal generates steam, which turns a turbine inside of a power plant, thereby transforming thermal energy to mechanical energy.

Chemical ---→ Thermal ----→Mechanical

Hot chocolate is stirred with a spoon and the spoon gets hot

Conduction

The sidewalk burns your bare feet in the summer time .

Conduction

Electrical energy travels through wires to provide power in homes, businesses, and institutions. Most devices transform the electrical energy into another form of energy. For examples, a toaster transforms electrical energy into thermal energy.

Electrical ---→ Thermal

If two objects have different temperatures, which direction will heat move?

Heat moves from warm to cool. (or hot to cold)

Convection

Heat transfer caused by the rising of hotter less dense fluids and the falling of color, more dense fluids Example : A lava lamp is one example of connection. Steam rising from a boiling of water is another .

For how long?

Heat transfer will continue as long as there is a difference in temperature. When the substances reach the same temperature, the movement of heat stops.

In the power plant, turbines spin electric generators, which transform mechanical energy to electrical energy.

Mechanical ---→ Electrical

d. Some organisms convert mechanical energy to thermal energy so that they can keep their body temperatures relatively stable.

Mechanical ---→ Thermal

The sun transforms nuclear energy to electromagnetic energy, which travels to Earth as light waves

Nuclear ------→ Radiant

Plants, animals, microorganisms, and humans consume sugar molecules created by photosynthesis. Organisms that move transform this chemical energy into mechanical energy.

Radiant ---→ Chemical---→ (Thermal) ----→ Mechanical

e. Plants and animals that died millions of years ago store chemical energy, and over time their remains became coal.

Radiant---→ Chemical

Plants, algae, and some bacteria use photosynthesis to capture sunlight and use it to produce energy-rich sugar molecules. These molecules store lots of chemical energy in their bonds.

Radiant--→ Chemical

The Sun warms your skin on a cold day

Radiation

The sidewalk increases in temperature on a sunny day.

Radiation

Warming your feet in front of a fire .

Radiation

Money is not a limitation. You have unlimited funds. Design an energy plan for Allen, Texas. Think about what energy sources would be best for the environment and location.

Solar energy would be a good source for Allen because it gets plenty of sun; Wind energy would also be a good choice; Geothermal is used in Lovejoy high school so it would also be a good choice; Burning fossil fuels only as a back up plan would help prevent air pollution.

Radiation

The transfer of energy by the movement of electromagnetic waves or subatomic particles Example: Sand on a beach getting warmed by the sun

Conduction

Transfer of thermal energy that occurs in solids, liquid, and gases when two substances of different temperature touch Examples:Heat travels along a metal spoon that is placed in boiling water

What conservation practices should be included in a plan to manage energy resources in the home, school, or community?

Use less water; Turn off lights when not in use; Carpool; Recycle