English 11
What evidence from "Your Average, Everyday Zombie" most effectively supports the idea that parasites use host animals to support their young?
there are hundereds of thousands of species of wasps that use other species as zombie babysitters
Which option most accurately states a key idea from "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donation"?
there are positive and negative aspects to the practices of the tissue-donation industry
Which statement most accurately describes key points from "For More Wonder, Rewild the World"?
there are two components of rewilding; restoration of humans connection to the natural world
Read the excerpt from "Alone in the Crowd." But they're also more lonely and distant from one another in their unplugged lives, says Massachusetts Institute of Technology social psychologist Sherry Turkle, PhD. Why does Turkle use the phrase "unplugged lives"? (Select all that apply.)
It emphasizes her position that technology has created two distinct ways that people experience life. It implies that overuse of technology limits people's potential because they are always attached to their devices.
Read the concluding paragraph of "NASA's Curiosity Rover Team Confirms Ancient Lakes on Mars." "We have tended to think of Mars as being simple," Grotzinger mused. "We once thought of the Earth as being simple too. But the more you look into it, questions come up because you're beginning to fathom the real complexity of what we see on Mars. This is a good time to go back to reevaluate all our assumptions. Something is missing somewhere." How does the final paragraph affect the meaning of the text?
It explains that the more we learn about Mars, the more questions we have; this provides a rationale for continued research.
Read the sentence from "How to Make the Most of Your Debit Card." With a debit card, however, the money's usually been sucked out of your bank account by the time you know there's a problem. Why did the author choose to use the word sucked instead of withdrawn, taken out, or debited?
It has a more negative connotation and conveys the idea that debit transactions can cause damage or harm
A key idea of "All About Sleep" is that an internal body clock plays a major role in sleep patterns. What is the significance of this idea?
It helps the reader understand that sleep can be affected by the body's response to hormones and environmental cues.
Read the sentence containing a misspelled word. The company's decieptful advertising resulted in several lawsuits for fraud and misrepresentation. Enter the correct spelling of the word in the space provided.
deceitful
Read the sentence about "Water Conservation and Efficiency." The author most likely included the photograph in the "How to Practice Conservation in Your Community" section to __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
demonstrate how much water is wasted when a fire hydrant breaks or is left open
Read the sentences. If you are driving in wet or slippery conditions and you lose traction and begin to spin, you are supposed to turn the steering wheel into the direction of the spin. This is very difficult for many people, since the action is counterintuitive to what comes naturally, which is to turn the wheel in the opposite direction of the spin. Which option most appropriately describes the meaning of counterintuitive as it is used in the selection?
different from what seems corect
Read the sections "Findings of the District Court" and "Findings of the Court of Appeals" from Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier. The court case was moved from the District Court to the Court of Appeals to __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
dispute the ruling that was given on the legal issue under question
Which word is the opposite of constraint?
freedom
Which word is a synonym of benign?
harmless
Removing the prefix in- from the word insignificant changes the meaning to __________. Which answer most accurately completes the sentence?
large or prominent enough to be noticed or have an effect
Which option most effectively incorporates figurative language to convey the effects of Luna's anxiety?
luna felt the anxiety roar like a trapped animal from deep withiin her
Why do certain words in "All About Sleep" appear in boldfaced text?
they are key vocabualry words
How do "All About Sleep" and "Sleep Problems and Solutions" treat the topic of sleep deficiency differently?
"All About Sleep" focuses on sleep and why it is important, while "Sleep Problems and Solutions" focuses on sleep deficiency and improving sleep habits.
Which response identifies a key term from "How to Select a Checking Account" and most effectively explains its impact on the meaning of the text?
interest rate; it is one of two key factors to consider when selecting a checking account, and the article explains why interest rates matter and which institutions offer the best rates
According to "NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today's Mars," what must be present in order for liquid water to form on Mars?
hydrated salts, because they lower the freezing point of liquids
Read the paragraph. Students who enroll in online schooling may find it difficult to balance their education with the numerous options for distraction. __________, many students feel a strong desire to succeed in classes and learn material that will help them develop a more promising future. __________, the temptation of social media, cellphones, and television can be a challenging enemy to grades and education. Online students must stay diligent to overcome these enticements and ensure that education is a priority. Which pair of transitions most effectively establishes the contrasting feelings that many students have about online schooling and distractions?
on one hand; however
Read the incorrect sentence. Antonia speaks three languages fluently French, English, and Spanish. How can you correct the sentence using a colon? Place a colon between fluently and French. Add a colon just after Antonia. Replace the first comma with a colon. Place a colon between languages and fluently.
place a colon between fluency and french
Read the incorrect sentence. Marco is a loyal friend he is the only one who visited me when I was hospitalized for pneumonia. How can the sentence be corrected using a semicolon?
place a semicolon between friend and he
Read the sentence. A central idea of "Why People Oppose GMOs Even Though Science Says They Are Safe" is __________. Which option most effectively completes the sentence?
popular opinion about GMOs is negatively influenced by intuition and feelings
The selection "Sleep Problems and Solutions" refines the meaning of deficiency throughout the text by __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
presenting the symptoms, the problems, and the effects of a lack of sleep
Which option most effectively states a central idea from "Principles of Conservation"?
the first principle of conversation is development; people should benefit from using natural resources now
Read the sentence. One purpose of "Sleep Problems and Solutions" is to inform individuals about __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
the specific methods that may help to improve a person's sleep habits
Which words are synonyms of skeptical? (Select all that apply.)
doubtful, suspicious
Read the sentence. A central idea of "Mindsuckers: Meet Nature's Nightmare" is __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
the ability to manipulate the behavior of other species is embedded in a paracites genetic code
Which response most effectively explains how the text structures used in "Peregrine Falcon" develop ideas in the text?
the cause/effect structure explains how the plight of falcons contributed to the ban on DDT
In "Leather and Meat without Killing Animals," why does the author provide statistics about the world's current and projected human and animal herd populations? (Select all that apply.)
To connect to the idea that today, maintaining animal herds takes a major toll on our planet, so increasing animal production to meet increasing human needs will make the problem worse. To explain that an increase in livestock will have a serious impact on the planet, so there is a tremendous need for his business growing biological products.
In "Save the Redwoods," how does the organizational structure of Paragraph 3 help to develop Muir's point that redwoods are at great risk?
by specifically describing the small range in which redwoods grow, he emphasizes that redwoods are a rare resource that cannot easily be replaced if destroyed
Which option most accurately states a central idea from "Street Farmer"?
food and animal waste can be repurposed to benifit people and the environment
Read the excerpt from "Your Average, Everyday Zombie." They will perform their acts as needed by their parasitic puppet master, and only once their bodies have served their function will the zombie be released into the sweet arms of eternity. How does the author's use of the words "released into the sweet arms of eternity" affect the meaning of the text?
it emphasizes how much the animal host suffered by describing death as a release and a place of comfort
Read the excerpt from "Mindsuckers: Meet Nature's Nightmare." The wasp can then walk its drugged victim into a burrow by the roach's antenna, like a dog on a leash. How does the figure of speech affect the meaning of the text?
it helps the reader visualize how easilythe wasp is able to manipulate the cockroach
Review the sentence. Margo forgot about a bag of potatoes in her pantry. She was abruptly reminded of this fact one morning when a __________ smell assaulted her senses as she opened the door. It was hard to believe the harmless potato could become so offensive! Which word most effectively completes the sentence to convey the strongest meaning?
putrid
The title of the presentation "For More Wonder, Rewild the World" suggests the speaker's perspective that restoring ecosystems to their natural, wild state would make human life more exciting and fulfilling. At which point in the presentation does the speaker most clearly establish this perspective? (Select all that apply.)
13:32, 10:08
What evidence from "Street Farmer" most effectively supports the inference that Ted Allen opposes current food production methods? (Select all that apply.)
Allen, who is 60, asserts that our industrial food system is depleting soil, poisoning water, gobbling fossil fuels and stuffing us with bad calories. "It's a form of redlining," Allen said. "We've got to change the system so everyone has safe, equitable access to healthy food."
In which sentence is the word disheveled used correctly?
Andrew woke up late and did not have time to iron his pants. He wore the pants anyway, but there were creases in them, which gave him a disheveled appearance.
What information from "How to Select a Checking Account" most effectively builds on the idea that there are several factors to consider when deciding where to open a checking account? (Select all that apply.)
Banks with lots of branches usually spend more on rent and operations, so they make up the difference by charging their customers higher—and more numerous—fees. Any bank that doesn't have branches won't have many (or any) ATM machines. Assume you'll be hit with a fee from a visiting bank—as much as $2 or $3—for using an ATM.
Which option correctly identifies a text feature and its function?
Bold print signals the reader that a word or phrase is important.
Read the excerpt from "Peregrine Falcon." "Although less severe, the decline spread west, where peregrine populations were reduced by 80 to 90 percent by the mid-1970s. At that time, only the populations of Peale's falcons nesting along the north Pacific Coast in Alaska and British Columbia appeared to be stable." Why does the author mention Peale's falcon in the text?
DDT and other pesticides were not used where peales falcons lived and thier population did not decline; this demonstrates a clear link between the use of DDT and the declineof peregrine falcon populations
Read the sentence. The wind was becoming increasingly stronger, but the tree trimmer was derelict in his cleaning duties, so the wind spread the fallen leaves and branches all over my front yard. How does the word derelict function in the sentence and what does it mean?
Derelict functions as an adjective, and it means "careless and neglectful."
Read the excerpt from "Teens Feeling Stressed, and Many Not Managing It Well." The report says stress appears to be affecting teens' performance in all aspects of life: 59% report that managing their time to balance all activities is a somewhat or very significant stressor; 40% say they neglected responsibilities at home because of stress; 21% say they neglected work or school because of stress; 32% say they experience headaches because of stress; 26% report changes in sleeping habits; 26% report snapping at or being short with classmates or teammates when under stress. How does the use of bulleted items affect the meaning of the text?
Each bullet point provides an interpretation of the information obtained in the teen stress study to highlight for the reader the most significant causes and effects of stress for teens.
In "The Science of Conquering Your Fears - And Living a More Courageous Life," how does the author use headings to organize her message?
Each heading presents a specific action readers can take to overcome fear and improve their lives.
What is relevant evidence?
Evidence that directly supports a key idea or point.
How does the bulleted list help to organize the information presented in the "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Problem Sleepiness?" section of "Sleep Problems and Solutions"?
It breaks down specific activities that do not usually cause an individual to fall asleep, so one can recognize a possible sleep deficiency.
How does "Water Conservation and Efficiency" expand on the idea that it is a worthwhile investment to identify and repair residential water leaks?
It describes how much water is lost due to leaks and gives specific examples of how much can be saved through simple repairs.
What textual evidence from The Education of a Young Chief most effectively supports the inference that the author believes an upbringing in nature is superior to all others?
It is thought great to be born in palaces, surrounded with wealth: but to be born in nature's wide domain is greater still!
Which option contains a euphemism?
Kevin was let go from his position in sales because of low productivity and a poor attitude
Which event described in "NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today's Mars" eventually led to the discovery of liquid water on today's Mars?
Lujendra Ojha noticed dark streaks on Mars in images from the MRO's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment.
Which sentence most accurately states a key idea in "Leather and Meat without Killing Animals"?
Maintaining the livestock herds necessary to meet human demand creates a serious threat to the environment.
Based on the interview "Alone in the Crowd," what is Sherry Turkle's perspective about people who spend significant amounts of time connecting online?
Many are very isolated and become uncomfortable when separated from the access to technology.
Which excerpt from "The Science of Conquering Your Fears - And Living a More Courageous Life" most effectively develops the idea that, with practice, one can overcome fears?
One of the most effective ways to banish fear is to repeatedly force yourself to face what you're afraid of..
Read the sentence. The dishonest physician sent fraudulent claims to the insurance company, billing for services that he never administered to patients. What is the meaning of fraudulent as it is used in this sentence?
PHONY
In "Paying Patients for Their Tissue: The Legacy of Henrietta Lacks," how do the authors refute the claim that patients should be paid for the use of residual tissue?
Paragraphs 14-17 present potential drawbacks to paying patients for tissue in sequence, by order of importance.
Which excerpt from "'Rewilding' Draws on the Past to Modify Plants" is relevant to the argument that most modern plant species have been genetically modified? (Select all that apply.)
Researchers deliberately mutated plants with chemicals and radiation, altering thousands of genes at once, and then searched the resulting plants to find ones with traits they wanted. Many of the plants grown today by both conventional and organic farmers were created with brute force and imprecise methods.
Which option most accurately states a central idea of "'Rewilding' Draws on the Past to Modify Plants"?
Rewilding is the process of introducing the genes of ancient plants into modern species with the intent to make today's plants more productive.
Read the paragraph from "Your Average, Everyday Zombie." First, the momma fly injects her eggs into the body cavity of the ant host. Once they hatch, the larvae make their way to the ant's head, where they feed on hemolymph (ant blood), muscle, and nervous tissue (aka brraaaaaiiiiiinnnnssss). The larval flies will spend weeks inside the head of their host, controlling its behavior while snacking on its brains until they have completely emptied the ant's head. The ant, meanwhile, wanders around in a zombie-like state. When the young fly decides it is ready to pupate, it releases an enzyme which decapitates the ant by dissolving the membrane which attaches its head to its body. The larva pupates in the ant's disembodied head for about two more weeks, then emerges as a full-grown adult, ready to mate and find its own zombie host. What is the organizational structure of the paragraph?
SEQUENCE
Read the paragraph. Desert tortoises are designed to thrive in their environment. Their front legs are flat like paddles, which helps them dig. They make burrows to sleep in and for protection. Several other desert animals live in burrows too. Their back legs are short and sturdy to help them evenly distribute their body weight and walk in sand. What information from the paragraph is not relevant to the main idea of the paragraph?
Several others desert animals live in burrows too.
In "How to Make the Most of Your Debit Card," how is the meaning of the term debit card refined throughout the text?
The article provides a clear definition of "debit card," and then presents pros and cons for using a debit card to develop readers' awareness of benefits and risks when using the cards.
Which excerpt from "The Science of Conquering Your Fears - And Living a More Courageous Life" most effectively explains where most of our fear comes from? (Select all that apply.)
The groundbreaking work of Brene Brown, ... author of the best-selling Daring Greatly, has found that the belief in our own unworthiness drives us to live fear-based lives. We are afraid of letting people see who we really are and potentially exposing ourselves, so we avoid the one thing that can make us more courageous: vulnerability. Feelings of stress are generally rooted in a fear of an imagined physical or emotional threat (not being able to meet a deadline, or fear of failure, for instance), and stress can contribute to negative feelings like depression and anxiety that in turn can contribute to fear-based thinking.
How do the headings and subheadings help to organize the information presented in "Water Conservation and Efficiency"?
The headings separate conservation tips into two categories and the subheadings describe specific programs and actions.
Read the paragraph from "Teens Feeling Stressed, and Many Not Managing It Well." Stressors range from school to friends, work and family. And teens aren't always using healthy methods to cope, finds the latest "Stress in America" survey from the Washington, D.C.-based American Psychological Association. Why does the author include this paragraph in her article?
The paragraph identifies the source of the evidence from which the author develops the key ideas in the article.
Read the excerpt from "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donation." The human tissue industry is full of contradictions like that. Tissue can save or better someone's life, but sometimes it will go to plump up lips and smooth wrinkles. Which options most effectively states an inference that can be made based on the excerpt?
The practice of using donated tissue for cosmetic purposes is controversial.
Which option most accurately states a central idea from "NASA's Curiosity Rover Finds Clues to How Water Helped Shape Martian Landscape"?
The purpose of the Curiosity mission is to study ancient environments and the way the Martian environment has changed over time.
In "Your Average, Everyday Zombie," what is the effect of the scenario that opens the article?
The vivid description from the ladybug's perspective adds interest and helps readers more clearly understand parasitic relationships.
Read the sentences from the introductory paragraph of "'Rewilding' Draws on the Past to Modify Plants." But what if scientists used the precise techniques of today's molecular biology to give back to plants genes that had long ago been bred out of them? And what if that process were called "rewilding?" Why does the author choose to ask the two questions at the beginning of the article?
They clarify for readers the topics to be covered in the article.
Question 26 (multiple answer) What evidence from "Street Farmer" supports the idea that urban gardening generates employment opportunities? (Select all that apply.)
Without microbe - and nutrient-rich worm castings ... [Allen's farm] couldn't employ scores of people, some from the nearby housing project. And in May, the Kellogg Foundation gave Allen $400,000 to create jobs in urban agriculture.
Read the sentence. A key idea developed in "5 Tips: Protecting Your Checking Account" is __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
You should regularly review your monthly bank statements.
Read the sentence. It is a misconception to believe that shy people are unfriendly or cold. Instead, they just require a bit more time to feel comfortable with new people or situations. What is the meaning of the word misconception as it is used in the sentence?
a conclusion that is based on a failure to understand
In which sentence is symbiotic used correctly?
barnacles and whales have a symbiotic relationship; barnacles attach themselves to whales for a safe place to live and transportation to food sources, and whales benefit from the protective, spiny barrier provide
Read the sentence from "Your Average, Everyday Zombie." Gruesome as they might be, you gotta give the flies points for style. The author uses the phrase "you gotta give the flies points for style" to __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
be relatable to the reader and convey the idea that while the flies' abilities are horrific, they are also admirable
Reread Paragraph 1 in "Save the Redwoods." What structure does the author use to organize the ideas in the paragraph?
compare/contrast
Read the sentence. Something that is intelligible is something __________. Which answer most accurately completes the sentence?
easy to understand
Read the sentence. One purpose of "Alone in the Crowd," an interview with social psychologist Sherry Turkle, is to inform people about the __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
effects of social media on the quality of our relationships with our people
Which word is the best synonym for the word germane?
fitting
Read the sentence. When Marla learned that her little brother had entered her room without permission and borrowed her laptop, she was furious and immediately ran to her mother to report the intrusion. What is the meaning of the word intrusion as it is used in the sentence?
invasion of privacy
Read the excerpt from "Mindsuckers: Meet Nature's Nightmare." The wasp's venom is a veritable punch bowl of different chemicals, and Libersat and his colleagues have yet to determine which ones affect the behavior of the cockroach and how they do. The words veritable punch bowl help the reader understand that the wasp's venom __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
is a potent mixture of many elements of which the purpose and the effect are unknown has an intoxicating effect on the cockroach
Which sentence incorrectly uses a double negative
it won't do you no good to try to talk yourself out of this one since you were caught red handed.
Read the sentence. The graph near the end of the "What Makes You Sleep?" section of "All About Sleep" affects the meaning of this portion by __________. Which option most effectively completes the sentence?
providing a representation of a typical eight-hour sleep period that shows periods of REM and non-REM sleep
What information from "Street Farmer" addresses the question "What is aquaponics"?
pumps send the dirty fish water up into beds of watercress, which filter pollutants and tricke the cleaner water back down to the fish
Read the sentences. To address a vitamin D deficiency, you should increase your intake of foods like fish and eggs. Also, you should spend more time outdoors in the sunshine (wearing sunscreen, of course) because this helps your body produce more vitamin D. Based on the context of the sentence, which word is a synonym of deficiency?
shortage
Reread Paragraph 8 from "Why People Oppose GMOs Even Though Science Says They Are Safe." Which option most accurately evaluates the evidence provided to support the idea that "the current (GM) applications have been proven to be safe"?
since the author does not describe current GM applications or thier effects, there is no evidence to support this idea
What evidence from "Conservation as a National Duty" supports the inference that Roosevelt believes the focus on industrialization and accumulation has negatively affected the character of American citizens?
so great and so rapid has been our material growth that there has been a tendence to lag behind in spiritual and moral growth
Which excerpt from The Education of a Young Chief most effectively supports the idea that the narrator deeply respects his father?
such was the language when we were alone in the woods. Ah! they were lessons directed from heaven
Which words are verb forms of sufficient? (Select all that apply.)
suffice sufficing suffices
Read the excerpt from "Your Average, Everyday Zombie." But perhaps it is the parasitic wasp Cotesia glomerata that most deserves the title of puppet master. Why does the author compare the wasp to a puppet master?
to emphasize that the wasp has complete control of its victim's actions
Which option most accurately states a key point of Section 2 (c) of the Wilderness Act?
to establish a clear and precise definition of a wilderness area
Which option most accurately states a purpose of "Is Technology Creating a Family Divide?"
to explain how a dependency on technology negatively impacts the connections between parents and their children
Read the sentence. "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donations" provides information that answers the question: __________ Which response most accurately completes the sentence?
why do people choose to donate organs or tissues
Read the sentence. The sculptor laboriously carved out the features of the statue of the war hero to make it as lifelike as possible. It took more than a month for him just to complete the soldier's profile. Based on its function in the sentence, what is the most accurate definition of the word laboriously?
with great effort
Read the sentence. A key point from "Conservation as a National Duty" is that __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
with industrialization comes a greater dependence on natural resources
How do "Alone in the Crowd" and "Is Technology Creating a Family Divide?" treat the topic of technology dependency differently?
"Alone in the Crowd" explains the effects on both the individual and interpersonal relationships, while "Is Technology Creating a Family Divide?" focuses on effects on the relationship between parent and child. "Alone in the Crowd" explains the reasons people become dependent on technology, while "Is Technology Creating a Family Divide?" describes alternative activities to using technology.
Question 19 (multiple choice) What evidence from "NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today's Mars" most effectively supports the idea that life cannot exist without water?
"Our quest on Mars has been to 'follow the water,' in our search for life in the universe, and now we have convincing science that validates what we've long suspected."
Which excerpt from "NASA's Curiosity Rover Team Confirms Ancient Lakes on Mars" contains an idiom?
"What we thought we knew about water on Mars is constantly being put to the test ..."
In "Paying Patients for Their Tissue: The Legacy of Henrietta Lacks" which excerpt most effectively helps to develop the argument that patients' tissue, until it is used for research, has no financial benefit to the patients?
... although it is true that the patients have contributed "raw materials" necessary for development of the cell line, it is the investigators, not the patients, whose intellectual contributions lead to the creation of value.
"Leather and Meat without Killing Animals" teaches that biofabrication is the process of using cells to grow tissues and organs. Which excerpt from the presentation explains the most significant reason to introduce biofabricated leather prior to introducing biofabricated meat?
... it is clear that, initially at least, more people would be willing to wear novel materials than would be willing to eat novel foods, no matter how delicious.
According to "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donations," why did Chris Truitt become an advocate for the tissue-donation business?
He was moved to action when his daughter was a donor and he saw firsthand how tissue and organ donations transform lives.
Which sentence uses the word mandatory correctly?
In some states, it is mandatory for new drivers to take a drivers' education class before they can apply for a license.
Read the sentence. Hikers should be alert for bears when they are climbing trails at higher altitudes. Which option revises the sentence to eliminate the misplaced modifier and correct the sentence? (Select all that apply.)
Hikers climbing trails at higher altitudes should be alert for bears. When climbing trails at higher altitudes, hikers should be alert for bears.
Which option most effectively describes a key idea presented in the "What Makes You Sleep" section of "All About Sleep"?
Hormones play a critical role in regulating the sleep process.
Read the paragraph from the US Department of Health and Human Services. Sleep health education and promotion strategies are needed to address disparities in sleep health across age, race, education, and socioeconomic groups. Health education and promotion programs can increase awareness of common sleep disorders, such as insomnia, restless leg syndrome, and SDB. Sleep health education programs in workplaces can promote better work schedule patterns and motivate managers and workers to adopt strategies that reduce risks to health and safety. Without sleep health education, individuals often prioritize other activities over sleep and accept constant sleepiness and sleep disruption as inevitable. Which option most effectively restates the key idea of the text?
If people are aware of sleep problems and know how to address them, they can take steps to improve sleep patterns for a safer, healthier life.
Read the paragraph. Allison was miserable. She was soaked, muddy, and covered in bug bites. Whoever decided sleeping in the wilderness was a good idea was clearly mistaken. Where are my ruby slippers when I need them? she thought. She was done with camping. What is the meaning of the question Where are my ruby slippers when I need them? In The Wizard of Oz, the ruby slippers give Dorothy the power to return home; Allison references the ruby slippers because she too wants to go home. The ruby slippers represent Allison's desire for comfort and luxury, things she is missing while she is on her camping trip. The ruby slippers are symbolic of Allison's anger and frustration, since the color red comes to her mind as she complains about the situation. In The Wizard of Oz, the ruby slippers belonged to the Wicked Witch; Allison references the ruby slippers because she resents the person who suggested the camping trip.
In the wizard of oz,the ruby slippers give dorothy the power to return home; Allison references the ruby slippers because she wants to go home too
Which sentence demonstrates the correct use of the semicolon?
Some people like to cook their own meals; others prefer to dine out or have their meals delivered.
Read the excerpt from "Mindsuckers: Meet Nature's Nightmare." A beaver's genes encode its bones and muscles and fur. But they also encode the brain circuits that lead the beaver to gnaw at trees to build dams. The beaver benefits from the pond created by the dam in many ways. It's harder for predators to attack the beaver's lodge, for example, because of deeper surrounding water. If a gene mutation gives rise to a beaver that builds even better dams, that particular beaver phenotype may stand a better chance of survival and, on average, have more baby beavers itself. As a result, the mutation will become more common over the course of many generations. How does this information build on the idea that "genes evolve to make copies of themselves more successfully"?
It explains how genes influence specific behaviors and therefore the genes that result in positive behaviors for survival will be replicated. It explains how beavers have adapted to their environment.
Read the paragraph from "NASA's Curiosity Rover Team Confirms Ancient Lakes on Mars." A lingering question surrounds the original source of the water that carried sediment into the crater. For flowing water to have existed on the surface, Mars must have had a thicker atmosphere and warmer climate than has been theorized for the ancient era when Gale Crater experienced the intense geological activity. However, current models of this paleoclimate have, literally, come up dry. How does the use of the phrase "come up dry" affect the meaning of the text?
It is an idiom that means to be unsuccessful; the play on words adds interest by highlighting scientists' inability to explain how rivers and lakes developed on Mars.
Which sentences from "How to Select a Checking Account" contain jargon specific to the banking industry? (Select all that apply.)
Keep additional funds in another account with a better interest rate, such as a CD or high-yield savings account. You should open a primary checking account with whatever institution pays the highest interest rate and charges the lowest fees.
Which evidence from "All About Sleep" builds on the idea that lack of sleep affects our daily performance?
People who are sleep deficient are less productive at work and school. They take longer to finish tasks, have a slower reaction time, and make more mistakes.
Which option provides sufficient evidence to support the idea that stress can negatively affect health?
Stress may lead to depression, anxiety, and irritability. Stress may cause headaches, back pain, and stomach problems.
Read the sentences. The baker combined all of the dry ingredients into a mixing bowl. He slowly added the wet ingredients, stirring consistently as he created the dough. Which option most effectively revises the sentences for cohesion?
The baker combined all of the dry ingredients into a mixing bowl. Next, he slowly added the wet ingredients, stirring consistently as he created the dough
Read the excerpt from Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier. In sum, we cannot reject as unreasonable Principal Reynolds' conclusion that neither the pregnancy article nor the divorce article was suitable for publication in Spectrum. Reynolds could reasonably have concluded that the students who had written and edited these articles had not sufficiently mastered those portions of the Journalism II curriculum that pertained to the treatment of controversial issues and personal attacks, the need to protect the privacy of individuals whose most intimate concerns are to be revealed in the newspaper, and "the legal, moral, and ethical restrictions imposed upon journalists within [a] school community" that includes adolescent subjects and readers. Finally, we conclude that the principal's decision to delete two pages of Spectrum, rather than to delete only the offending articles or to require that they be modified, was reasonable under the circumstances as he understood them. Accordingly, no violation of First Amendment rights occurred. The judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit is therefore Reversed. Which option most effectively explains how legal reasoning is used to justify the ruling for Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier?
The court ruling determined that the school officials were protecting all individuals involved in the publication; thus, they did not violate the defendants' First Amendment rights.
Read the excerpt from "The Science of Conquering Your Fears - And Living a More Courageous Life." Stress and fear often come together. Feelings of stress are generally rooted in a fear of an imagined physical or emotional threat (not being able to meet a deadline, or fear of failure, for instance), and stress can contribute to negative feelings like depression and anxiety that in turn can contribute to fear-based thinking. Exercise and meditation both have the power to lower stress levels and reduce feelings of depression and anxiety, which could help you to act more courageously in the face of challenges. How does the information about managing stress in this excerpt differ from the information in "Teens Feeling Stressed, and Many Not Managing It Well"?
The excerpt emphasizes the power of changing our thinking to manage stress, while "Teens Feeling Stressed, and Many Not Managing it Well" focuses on physical activities to relieve stress.
Read the paragraph. Desert tortoises are designed to thrive in their environment. Their front legs are flat like paddles, which helps them dig. They make burrows to sleep in and for protection. Several other desert animals live in burrows too. Their back legs are short and sturdy to help them evenly distribute their body weight and walk in sand. Which response most effectively summarizes the information to include in an article about how the physical features of animals help them to adapt to their environments?
The legs of the desert tortoise have evolved to help it dig burrows and walk in sand.
Read the paragraph from the "Why Is Sleep Important?" section in "All About Sleep." The way you feel while you're awake depends in part on what happens while you're sleeping. During sleep, your body is working to support healthy brain function and maintain your physical health. In children and teens, sleep also helps support growth and development. Why does the author include this paragraph in the article? (Select all that apply.)
The paragraph begins to give reasons why sleep is important to everyone, including adults, teens, and children. The paragraph supports the idea that quality sleep is needed by all to improve the mental and physical health and quality of life of everyone.
Read the excerpt from Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier. Although the Statement of Policy published in the September 14, 1982, issue of Spectrum declared that "Spectrum, as a student-press publication, accepts all rights implied by the First Amendment," this statement, understood in the context of the paper's role in the school's curriculum, suggests at most that the administration will not interfere with the students' exercise of those First Amendment rights that attend the publication of a school-sponsored newspaper. It does not reflect an intent to expand those rights by converting a curricular newspaper into a public forum. Finally, that students were permitted to exercise some authority over the contents of Spectrum was fully consistent with the Curriculum Guide objective of teaching the Journalism II students "leadership responsibilities as issue and page editors." Which option most accurately explains the purpose of this excerpt?
The passage cites specific evidence that the administration stated its expectation of maintaining some control over student publications.
Read the excerpt from "'Rewilding' Draws on the Past to Modify Plants." "They take a term that sounds really wonderful, but genetic engineering is genetic engineering is genetic engineering," Ms. Tencer said. "It is not something farmers want. It is not something consumers want. I don't think it is a very viable concept." Why does the author include Tencer's quote in the article?
The repetition in the quote emphasizes the point that simply renaming a product or process will not change the way that it is perceived.
Reread the information from sections 10:39-11:36 of the transcript of "For More Wonder, Rewild the World." What inference can be made based on the information in the excerpt? (Select all that apply.)
The speaker believes these areas have the potential to be restored to their natural state because the human populations and influence have been removed. By removing the human element from vast stretches of land, we have the potential to reintroduce species of animals and plants that have long since disappeared.
What evidence from "NASA's Curiosity Rover Finds Clues to How Water Helped Shape Martian Landscape" most effectively explains a goal of NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Project beyond understanding how water forms on Mars?
This project is one element of NASA's ongoing Mars research and preparation for a human mission to the planet in the 2030s.
Which excerpt from "Is Technology Creating a Family Divide?" contains the use of jargon specific to the technology industry? (Select all that apply.)
[A]s digital immigrants, parents can struggle to gain proficiency and comfort with the new technology that their digital-native children have already mastered. Children are instant messaging constantly, checking their social media, listening to music, surfing their favorite websites, and watching television or movies.
Read the sentences. Robert, a restless sleeper, noticed that he slept soundly through the night on days that he worked out. Based on this observation, he determined that there must be a connection between exercise and quality of sleep. To test his hypothesis, he decided to document his exercise and sleep patterns for 60 days. What is the meaning of the word hypothesis as it is used in the sentence?
a possible explanation
simile
a comparison between two unlike and fundamentally different or unrelated things using "like" or "as"
metaphor
a comparison of two unlike or unrelated things, ideas, or subjects that reveals an association or relationship to make them alike
Which type of language should be avoided when writing or presenting a research paper? (Select all that apply.)
biased language, sexist language
Read the sentence. A key point from section A, paragraph (2) of Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier is that __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
because Spectrum was published under the school's developed curriculum guidelines, the school controlled its content
Read the sentence. The "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Problem Sleepiness?" section of "Sleep Problems and Solutions" expands on the idea that sleep deficiency can disrupt a person's life. How does the text develop and expand on this concept? (Select all that apply.)
by providing brief descriptions of common problems that are associated with not getting enough sleep by explaining that symptoms associated with not getting enough sleep are different with adults and children
Read the sentence. A key term in "All About Sleep" is the word __________ because a purpose of the article is to explain potential outcomes if we do not get enough quality sleep.
deficiency
Read the sentences. Everyone in the classroom is annoyed by Steven's constant interjections—uncalled-for remarks that interfere with people's conversations. What type of context clue is "uncalled-for remarks that interfered with people's conversations"?
definition
Which word or phrase used in "5 Tips: Protecting Your Checking Account" is most important to understand in recognizing why you should be careful in giving out account and routing information?
electronic debit or transfer
Read the sentence. "How to Manage Stormwater: Rainbarrels" encourages people to build rain barrels by __________. Which response most accurately completes the sentence?
explaining incentives, suggesting how to plan, and providing building instructions
Read the sentence. The intermittent whining from the newborn puppies disrupted Amanda's sleep for well over a month. What does the word intermittent mean in this sentence?
happening at irregular times
Read the sentence. Based on "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donations," the study of calls made by representatives from tissue banks revealed that __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence? (Select all that apply.)
in the majority of cases, donor families are not made aware their loved ones' tissues may be sold for profit or used for cosmetic surgery families are more likely to agree to donate tissue and organs if they are well-educated about the process
Which word most accurately describes the meaning of the word augment?
increase
Read the information from 1:27-2:37 in "Leather and Meat without Killing Animals." Which option most accurately describes the organizational structure of these paragraphs?
problem/solution
Based on the information in the "How Much Stress?" graph in "Teens Feeling Stressed, and Many Not Managing It Well," you can infer that teens __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
report roughly the same levels of moderate stress whether on break or in school
Read the sentence. In a formal informational paper, an effective conclusion __________. Which option accurately completes the sentence? (Select all that apply.)
summarizes key points explains the relevance of the information presented
Read the sentence. Bill, a security guard, was placed on probation when his manager received reports of Bill's unexplained absences and questionable behaviors while on the job. Based on its use in the sentence, what is the connotative meaning of the word questionable?
suspicious
Read the sentence. The purpose of the "Healthy Brain Function and Emotional Well Being" section of "All About Sleep" is __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
to explain specific benefits of sleep and specific ways that sleep deficiency negatively affects behavior
Why does the author include the illustrations in the "Construction" section on page 5 of "How to Manage Stormwater: Rainbarrels"?
to physically represent items on the supply list
Which options most accurately describe the purpose for including the table in the "How Much Sleep Is Enough?" section of "Sleep Problems and Solutions"? (Select all that apply.)
to provide a guide that shows how much daily sleep different age groups should get to show a relationship between age and suggested hours of sleep
What is the purpose of a glossary?
to provide definitions for key terms in a specific text
Read the sentence. The purpose of the court case Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier is to establish a legal precedent that __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
unless a school is designated as a public forum for student expression, the First Amendment protection is reduced
Read the sentence. A key idea presented in "Water Conservation and Efficiency" is __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
water conservation reflects behavioral changes and water efficiency refers to technological changes
Read the sentence. A central idea developed in "NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today's Mars" is __________. Which option most effectively completes the sentence?
water flows during warm seasons on present-day Mars
Which statement from "For More Wonder, Rewild the World" establishes the speaker's perspective on the human aspect of rewilding?
"And perhaps this is the most important thing that rewilding offers us, the most important thing that's missing from our lives: hope." It explains how rewilding motivates people.
Which option most effectively explains the purpose of the Wilderness Act?
to protect wilderness areas for future generations
paradox
a statement that contradicts itself because it contains two elements or ideas that are both true but cannot both be true at the same time
hyperbole
an extreme exaggeration used to create a strong emotional response or emphasize a point or an idea
Read the paragraph from "Conservation as a National Duty." Since then our knowledge and use of the resources of the present territory of the United States have increased a hundred-fold. Indeed, the growth of this Nation by leaps and bounds makes one of the most striking and important chapters in the history of the world. Its growth has been due to the rapid development, and alas that it should be said! to the rapid destruction, of our natural resources. Nature has supplied to us in the United States, and still supplies to us, more kinds of resources in a more lavish degree than has ever been the case at any other time or with any other people. Our position in the world has been attained by the extent and thoroughness of the control we have achieved over nature; but we are more, and not less, dependent upon what she furnishes than at any previous time of history since the days of primitive man. What evidence establishes the structure of the paragraph as cause and effect?
due to; attained by
Which most accurately explains the process for locating the definitions of a word in a digital or online dictionary?
enter the word into a search field
Read the sentence. The Anderson family chooses to travel each year to unfamiliar locations to explore new cultures and environments. Which word most effectively replaces the word unfamiliar to convey the most positive meaning?
exotic
personification
the assignment of human qualities or characteristics to non-human objects, things, or ideas, associating them with abstract ideas
euphemism
an inoffensive, neutral way of expressing an idea or conveying emotional information that might otherwise be perceived as cruel or inappropriate; euphemisms can convey a message or create humor
A central idea in "Principles of Conservation" is that applying the principles of conservation will lead to greater efficiency in all aspects of life. Which excerpt from the text most effectively supports this idea? (Select all that apply.)
"The development of resources and the prevention of waste and loss, the protection of the public interests, by foresight, prudence, and the ordinary business and home-making virtues, all these apply to other things as well as to the natural resources." "We are coming to see the logical and inevitable outcome that these principles, which arose in forestry and have their bloom in the conservation of natural resources, will have their fruit in the increase and promotion of national efficiency along other lines of national life."
A central idea in "Principles of Conservation" is that people have an obligation to effectively manage natural resources. Which excerpt from the text most effectively supports this idea? (Select all that apply.)
"The first duty of the human race is to control the earth it lives upon." "The development of our natural resources and the fullest use of them for the present generation is the first duty of this generation."
Which excerpt from "'Rewilding' Draws on the Past to Modify Plants" helps to develop the idea that there are disadvantages to crossbreeding? (Select all that apply.)
"This method works but it has drawbacks. You prefer to move only the genes you want." But because wheat has three genomes, it is impossible to use crossbreeding to knock out that gene in all three at once.
In "Leather and Meat without Killing Animals," the author develops the idea that the leather and meat industries are harmful and reckless with resources. In which excerpt does he most effectively refine this idea by suggesting that these industries are also intentionally misleading the public?
Imagine touring this facility, learning about how the leather or meat is cultured, seeing the process from beginning to end, and even trying some. It's clean, open and educational, and this is in contrast to the hidden, guarded and remote factories where leather and meat is produced today. Already, we have been manufacturing with cell cultures for thousands of years, beginning with products like wine, beer and yogurt. And speaking of food, our cultured food has evolved, and today we prepare cultured food in beautiful, sterile facilities like this.
What textual evidence from "Conservation as a National Duty" most effectively supports the idea that natural resources are being depleted at the fastest rate in history?
In the development, the use, and therefore the exhaustion of certain of the natural resources, the progress has been more rapid in the past century and a quarter than during all preceding time of which we have record.
A central idea of "Principles of Conservation" is prevention of waste. Which excerpt from the text most effectively introduces this idea?
Principles of Conservation "Whether it is to last for a hundred or a hundred and fifty or a thousand years, the coal is limited in amount, unless through geological changes which we shall not live to see, there will never be any more of it than there is now. But coal is in a sense the vital essence of our civilization. If it can be preserved, if the life of the mines can be extended, if by preventing waste there can be more coal left in this country after we of this generation have made every needed use of this source of power, then we shall have deserved well of our descendants."
What evidence from "Conservation as a National Duty" most effectively establishes that Roosevelt's speech is structured to bring attention to an issue and make a call to action for change? (Select all that apply.)
This Conference on the conservation of natural resources is in effect a meeting of the representatives of all the people of the United States called to consider the weightiest problem now before the Nation; and the occasion for the meeting lies in the fact that the natural resources of our country are in danger of exhaustion if we permit the old wasteful methods of exploiting them longer to continue. I have asked you to come together now because the enormous consumption of these resources, and the threat of imminent exhaustion of some of them, due to reckless and wasteful use, once more calls for common effort, common action.
Which evidence from "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donation" most effectively develops the idea that tissue donations provide more benefits than organ donations? (Select all that apply.)
Tissue grafts help 50 times more people than the number who receive organ donations. Tissue is anything that's not a live organ and can be recovered from a dead body. It can then be turned into scores of medical products.
In "'Rewilding' Draws on the Past to Modify Plants," we learn that people may consider rewilding to be the same as genetic modification. Which excerpt most effectively supports this idea?
To be labeled organic, food cannot have a foreign gene that was introduced with today's genetic engineering methods. For rewilding with precision breeding, the question of whether the food was organic would hinge on whether the gene that was introduced was considered "foreign."
anecdote
a brief, interesting story or an amusing incident used to support or describe a point, idea, detail, or quality; to caution about something; or to inspire to do or not to do something
oxymoron
a combination of two incompatible, opposing, or contradictory terms that creates a new meaning highlighting a contradiction or a new concept or adding humor
allusion
a direct or indirect reference to a person, place, or event—historical, literary, religious, cultural, or mythical—to add meaning based on information that should be known
idiom
a phrase whose true meaning cannot be taken literally outside of context because the words have a different meaning from their literal definition
Read the sentences. We always invite Alberto to our house to join us in preparing holiday meals. He really knows his way around the kitchen. The explicit meaning of the sentence is that Alberto can move easily from one place in the kitchen to the next. What is the implicit meaning of the sentence?
alberto is a good cook
Read the sentence. The former senator fell to the floor in gratitude when he received the news that he was nominated to serve as Secretary of Defense. The phrase "fell to the floor" is __________. Which response most effectively completes the sentence?
an instance of hyperbole
What evidence from "Street Farmer" supports the inference that Will Allen is always looking for ways to expand urban gardening?
as allen can't help reminding us, with a mischievous smile, "Chicago has 77,000 vacant lots"
Read the sentence from "Street Farmer." "Creating soil from waste is what I enjoy most," he said. "Anyone can grow food." By stating "Anyone can grow food," Allen actually means he __________. Which option accurately completes the sentence?
believes his work is unique in the agricultural field and requires great expertise
What textual evidence from "The Bean-Field" supports the idea that the soil Thoreau cultivated was poor in nutrients?
but in the course of the summer it appeared by the arrowheads which I turned up in hoeing, that an extinct nation had anciently dwelt here and planted corn and beans before white men came to clear the land, and so, to some extent , had exhausted the soil for this very crop
Read the sentence from "Conservation as a National Duty." Indeed, the growth of this Nation by leaps and bounds makes one of the most striking and important chapters in the history of the world. What is the meaning of the figurative language in this sentence? (Select all that apply.)
by leaps and bounds means moving forward with rapid progress chapters in the history of the world compares periods of time to parts of a book
Read the sentence. We can bring natural habitats back to Earth __________. Based on the information in "For More Wonder, Rewild the World," which option most accurately completes the sentence?
by reintroduction a predator species at the top of a food chain, which can restore an entire natural ecosystem
Reread the "A Golden Incentive" section of "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donations." Which option most accurately describes the organizational structure of this section?
chronological
Read the sentences from "Peregrine Falcon." "Peregrine falcons have never been very abundant. Studies in the 1930s and 1940s estimated that there were about 500 breeding pairs of peregrine falcons in the eastern United States and about 1,000 pairs in the West and Mexico. Then, beginning in the late 1940s, peregrine falcons suffered a devastating and rapid decline. By the mid-1960s, the species had been eliminated from nearly all of the eastern U.S. Although less severe, the decline spread west, where peregrine populations were reduced by 80 to 90 percent by the mid-1970s. At that time, only the populations of Peale's falcons nesting along the north Pacific Coast in Alaska and British Columbia appeared to be stable." What organizational structure is used in this paragraph?
chronological, because of the dates listed and words like then, by, and at that time
Read the excerpt from "Paying Patients for Their Tissue: The Legacy of Henrietta Lacks." Although Skloot's book is moving and compelling, we use caution in using the Lacks example as a model for thinking about compensating patients who provide tissue for research. Although one can point to the many injustices Lacks endured as a poor woman without access to needed medical care, the use of her residual clinical tissue, involving no additional risk or burden to her, does not demand any form of compensation. Furthermore, compensating such patients may have unintended consequences that could work to decrease the availability of tissue for research, and may paradoxically become a source of injustice. Which option most accurately describes the organizational structure of the paragraph?
compare/contrsast
Read the sentence. After researching which plants were native to her part of the country and carefully planning the layout of her garden, Amanda was ready to __________ her garden and watch it grow. Which option shows the word (with its definition) that most effectively completes the sentence?
cultivate- to prepare for planting
Which option most accurately describes a key point of "Conservation as a National Duty"?
decisions about the use of natural resources should be based on the good of the community, not the individual
Read the paragraph. Desert tortoises are designed to thrive in their environment. Their front legs are flat like paddles, which helps them dig. They make burrows to sleep in and for protection. Their back legs are short and sturdy to help them evenly distribute their body weight and walk in sand. An inference that can be made from this paragraph is that desert tortoises have natural enemies that they must hide from. Which response provides the most effective support for this inference?
desert tortises make burrows to sleep in and for protection
Read the sentence from The Education of a Young Chief. The trees were all that sheltered my infant limbs the blue heavens all that covered me. How does the figurative language in the sentence affect the meaning of the text?
the trees and sky are acting as a parent would, emphasizing the author's assertion that he is a child of nature
Read the sentences from The Education of a Young Chief. Yes, Niagara will be Niagara a thousand years hence! The rainbow, a wreath over her brow, shall continue as long as the sun, and the flowing of the river—while the work of art, however impregnable, shall in atoms fall! What is the implicit meaning of the sentences?
elements of the nature will outlast man-made elements
Read the sentence. Once the fundraising campaign is complete, the committee will collaborate for several hours to ensure an equitable distribution of monies to the charities they support. Based on its function in the sentence, what is the most accurate definition of the word equitable?
fair and even
Read the excerpt from "Your Average, Everyday Zombie." All of a sudden, you are set upon by a flying nightmare whose body shines iridescent green. Limbs intertwine as she fights to subdue you. You struggle; every muscle in your body tenses and flexes as you try to fling the emerald harpy off your back, but you feel her jaws clamp down, and she remains attached. Which option most accurately describes a figure of speech used in the excerpt?
flying nightmare, emerald harpy
Read the sentences. Alexander knew how to watch his money. He understood the importance of budgeting and rarely spent beyond his means. Without fail, he put part of his paycheck into a savings account each month and even subscribed to an investment magazine. Based on the context of the sentences, what is the connotation of the phrase watch his money?
handle money wisely
Read the sentences. My friend Mario seems to fall in love at the drop of a hat. If a girl smiles at him, talks to him, or even glances his way, he takes it as a sign that they are meant to be together! What is the meaning of the phrase at the drop of a hat?
immediately
imagery
the use of the senses of sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell to convey details and to develop mental images that appeal to the senses
Read the sentence. In "Calculating the Value of Human Tissue Donation," when his employer began competitions and contests to increase profits, Chris Truitt __________. Which response most accurately completes the sentence? (Select all that apply.)
realized that the tissue-donation industry is flawed and in need of serious change began to worry that the tissue-donation industry is more about making profits than helping people
Read the sentences. Sentence 1: Michael is an expert tennis player and he practices for hours a day. Sentence 2: Because he practices for hours a day, Michael is an expert tennis player. Which option most accurately describes the difference between the structures of the two sentences?
sentence 1 is a compound sentence; sentence 2 is a complex sentence
Read the paragraph from "Peregrine Falcon." "To release captive-bred peregrines, young birds are placed in specially equipped boxes on top of a manmade tower or cliff ledge. At first, the birds are fed through a chute so they cannot see their human benefactors. When they are old enough, the box is opened and the young peregrines begin testing their wings. Their food is gradually reduced as the young falcons learn to hunt on their own. This process is known as 'hacking.'" The organizational structure used in this paragraph is __________. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?
sequential
Read the special provisions from the Wilderness Act. "(7) Nothing in this Act shall constitute an express or implied claim or denial on the part of the Federal Government as to exemption from State water laws. (8) Nothing in this Act shall be construed as affecting the jurisdiction or responsibilities of the several States with respect to wildlife and fish in the national forests." What constitutional principle is reflected in the excerpt?
the recognition of states rights, which are the rights and powers of individual states over those of the federal government
