English Civil War and American Revolution
What percentage of people made up the First Estate? What were their privileges?
1%. No taxes, owned 10% of the lands in France, and had great political influence
What years did the English Civil War occur?
1642-1651
What percentage of people made up the Second Estate? Describe the economic and social privileges of the members of this estate.
2%. No taxes and help all government and military positions
Describe the Declaration of Fillnitz and the Brunswick Manifesto.
Call for all of the Monarchs to defend Louis XVI. threatened to wipe Paris off map if Louis XVI died
What countries made up the Third Coalition? How did Napoleon do against them?
Sweden, Russia, Austria, Great Britain
How was the National Assembly created?
3rd Estate created it because they wanted more votes
Who won the Battle of Leipzig?
4th Coalition
What percentage of people made up the Third Estate? How many groups comprised the Third Estate?
97%. Three groups
What was the Bastille? Why did the people storm the Bastille?
A prison that held an armory in the basement. To free political prisoners and acquire weapons
What two countries allied to try and defeat the French Revolution but failed after Louis XVI was executed?
Austria and Prussia
What is the major turning point in the war? Why?
Battle of Saratoga. Made France and Spain decide to support the colonies
Describe the Continental System. Why did it fail?
Blockade of all trading to Great Britain. Impossible to force and Britain's navy was too strong
What major events are they apart of?
Boston Tea Party and Boston Massacre
Who fought each other in the French and Indian War?
Britain and France
What were the names of the people who stayed loyal to the King?
Cavaliers
Who is the British General in charge at the end of the American Revolution?
Charles Cornwallis
What was the major reason for this war?
Charles I violated the Petition of Rights and tried to take power from Parliament and the people.
What king was in charge during the time of the English Civil War? Why was he so disliked by the people?
Charles I. He was disliked due to his heavy tax regiment and violating the people's rights
What is the end result of the war?
Colonies won their Independence
What are some of the major issues that the US deals with after gaining its independence?
Economic Crisis and a weak federal government
What were two things that the National Assembly got rid of in passing the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
Ended the Privileges of the 1st and 2nd Estate and ended Feudalism
What happens with Napoleon after being on Elba for 100 days?
Escapes and Returns to power in France
What happened to Marie Antoinette?
Executed by guillotine
What happened to Napoleon after the Battle of Leipzig?
Forced into exile on Elba
What is a coup d'etat and who conducted one in Paris in 1799?
Forceful takeover of the Government
Which countries ally with the colonies? Why did they need allies in the first place?
France and Spain. The colonial forces were in desperate need of everything to wage war
Describe the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
Gave all French people their Equality and Freedom
Who surrenders to whom?
General Cornwallis surrenders to General Washington
Who is the leader of the Continental forces?
George Washington
Define puppet governments. How do they work with Napoleon?
Governments that have been set up to be ruled by another government. Napoleon used family
What countries made up the First Coalition? What goal of the French Revolution were they trying to defeat?
Great Britain, Netherlands, Sardinia, Austria, Prussia
List the ways that resentment had grown between the people and the King during the French Revolution.
High Taxation against the 3rd Estate
Who crowned Napoleon Emperor of the French in 1804?
Himself/Church
What was the lasting impact of the American revolution on the rest of the world?
Inspired revolutions against monarchies all over the world
What was the Estates-General? How many votes did each estate get?
Meeting of Representatives from the 3 estates. 1 vote each
What happened at Waterloo?
Napoleon defeated by British for the last time
What was the significance of the Battle of Trafalgar?
Napoleon loses naval battle and is forced to just fight on land
List the things Napoleon does to bring stability to France.
Napoleonic Code, Military public education, strong central government
What do they support the colonies with?
Navy, Money, Weapons, Military Officers
Who are the Sons of Liberty? Who is their leader?
New England men who rebelled when forced to pay taxes. Sam Adams
Who is their leader? What is impact on British history?
Oliver Cromwell. He led the army that overthrew Charles I and became Lord Protector of England
What is the end result of this rebellion? What changes occurred in British government after the war?
Parliament gains power after King is executed
What document did he sign that he later disregarded? What was that document supposed to do?
Petition of Right. It was a demand for their political rights.
What were some accomplishments of the National Convention?
Public Education, New Constitution, Use Metric System
What happens to the King?
Put on trial and executed
How did the terms left, right, and center gain their political meaning?
Radicals-Left, Conservatives-Right, and Moderates-Middle
What was the Reign of Terror? Who were the two key figures of the time period?
Reign of Chaos with thousands of political deaths. Robespierre and Danton
Who wins the war?
Roundheads
What was the name of the people who supported Parliament's power? What were they hoping to achieve?
Roundheads. They hoped to increase Parliament's and the people's power
What is the name of the war in Europe that occurs at the same time as the French and Indian War?
Seven years war
Define estate. Which groups of society made up each of the estates?
Social Classes of France. 1st-Clergy 2nd-Nobility 3rd-Everyone else
Name some of the taxes levied against the North American colonies.
Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Tea tax, Navigation Act, Townshend Acts
What was the Tennis Court Oath? What action(s) did the king take in response to the Tennis Court Oath?
The national assembly refused to disband until they achieved their goals. Louis XVI sent in troops to disband them
Who writes the Declaration of Independence? How does this document influence later revolutions across the world?
Thomas Jefferson. His words would inspire many other countries to pursue independence and freedoms from monarch type government
How did the neighboring monarchies react to the French Revolution?
Threatened to intervene and crush the rebellion
Why did Napoleon invade Russia? How did the Russians respond? What was the result for Napoleon?
To conquer all of Europe. He was forced to retreat from Russia after losing most of his army because of Russia's Scorched Earth policy
Why was the Committee of Public Safety formed?
To find and capture enemies of France
What was Louis XVI put on trial for? What was the result and who wanted it to happen (which political group)?
Treason. He was found guilty and was executed by the radicals
Why was Napoleon so popular?
War Hero and Common Man
How did the French and Indian war provide a reason for the start of the American Revolution?
War Taxes and Proclamation of 1763 upset many of the colonies
