ESS Test 2

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

Some incoming solar radiation is reflected back into space. Which of the following situations would result in the most reflection of incoming solar radiation?

Clear skies over Antarctica

Latent heat energy is released by _______

Condensation

Geologically, ______ are actually submerged parts of the continents

Continental Shelves

According to the adiabatic principle as air rises it _______, and as it sinks it ______.

Cool, warms up

In the Southern Hemisphere, daylight hours are longest at the

December solstice

What factor is most responsible for changing salinity values found in high latitudes?

Fresh water input

General name for a narrow zone separating two air masses

Front

Earth is closest to the Sun in

January

Where would you find the largest difference in shallow and deep ocean temperatures?

Low latitudes

What air pressure and wind directions are present in tornados?

Low pressure, winds flow inward

Which of the gases absorb in the infrared and thus contribute to greenhouse warming

Methane,Carbon dioxide, water vapor

Where and when do hurricanes originate?

Over the tropical oceans during the summer.

Marine organisms that swim freely under their own locomotion are classified as

Pelagic

Which surface would have the lowest albedo?

Rainforest

What happens to the density of seawater with increasing depth in the oceans?

Rapid increase shallow, then fairly constant with depth.

What happens to relative humidity of an isolated, unsaturated parcel of air as temperature decreases?

Relative humidity increases

Why is there salt in the oceans?

Runoffs from the continents

The Earth absorbs _____ radiation and re-radiates ________ radiation.

Shortwave, long wave

If we cannot see the ocean floor from an airplane, we cannot see it from space either. So, how does a satellite measure the depth of ocean water to determine the topography of the ocean floor?

The satellites can detect very minute variances in gravity which are reflected in the topography of the ocean floor.

Why do maritime polar air mass have relatively high humidity and cold temperature?

They form over high latitude oceans.

A large, flat topped submerged hill rising from the sea floor is

a guyout

Deposits generated by turbidity currents are also called

graded beds

Clams and oysters are often studied by _______ paleontologists?

invertebrate

Earth's early atmosphere had _____ oxygen, and at the present time the atmosphere is comprised of _____ % oxygen.

virtually no, 21

Air that is _____ will be more likely to produce thunderstorms. A _______ decrease in temperature with height would also be more likely to produce thunderstorms.

warm and wet, rapid

A fossil that forms when an object is pressed into mud and dries is an ______ fossil?

Cast fossil

The organisms living around hydrothermal vents in the deep ocean get their energy from ______.

Chemosynthesis: creating energy from sulfur-bearing chemicals.

Approximately, what percentage of the earth's surface is covered by oceans?

70%

In 1953, Stanley Miller used an electrical spark to produce these building blocks of life in the lab.

Amino Acids

Measuring the depth of the ocean is called

Bathymetry

How did an oxygen- rich atmosphere develop from a carbon dioxide-rich atmosphere?

Through photosynthesis by cyanobacteria

Which of the following is the type of fossil that consists of fossilized nests, burrows, footprints, etc.?

Trace Fossils (Ichnofossils)

During the spring and fall equinoxes the maximum solar energy falls on the _____.

equator

Petrified wood is formed by the process of fossilization called ________

mineralization

Air masses are characterized by their ________ content and _______.

moisture, temperature

Land surfaces heat ______ rapidly than water, and cool _____ rapidly then water.

more, more

Most fossils are found in

sedimentary rock

Which of the following collection of fossils would be LEAST useful for determining the age of a section of rocks?

the fossil of a family of creatures that lived unchanged for a very long time.

The thermocline is

the zone of rapidly changing water temperature below the warm surface temperature below the warm surface water.

This cow patty, if fossilized, would be a

trace fossil

The eye of a tropical cyclone has ______ winds, and the eye wall has _________.

weak to no, strong

What factors are the most critical in determining whether a fossil is preserved?

whether the creature had hard parts and how fast it was buried.


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