Ethics Chap 2 Quiz

(Q011) To a cultural relativist, when someone says, "Capital punishment is wrong," what is that person really saying?

"My culture says that capital punishment is wrong."

Which of the following is required by the principle of impartiality?

to justify any discriminatory treatment by providing morally relevant differences

Which of the following statements BEST summarizes what the author describes as important features of ethics?

Ethics requires that we be able to give good reasons for our judgments, especially when we judge that two people should be treated differently.

(Q014) Cultural relativism applies only when considering cultures from countries other than one's own.

False

(Q018) Social reformers are always right in the view of a cultural relativist.

False

(Q004) Which of the following is true according to subjective relativism?

I cannot be mistaken about what is morally right for me.

What does it mean if something is instrumentally valuable?

Its value comes from its use as a too

Miguel believes that it is wrong for a doctor to assist a patient in committing suicide. To convince others of this, he provides the reason that it is up to God when someone dies, not up to humans. According to the author, what would be a major limitation of Miguel's strategy for convincing others to share his belief?

People with different religious views may not accept this reason.

(Q013) A cultural relativist will agree with this statement: "It is morally permissible to smoke marijuana in Amsterdam if the culture of Amsterdam approves of it."

True

(Q015) Cultural relativists can consistently claim that tolerance of other cultures is morally right everywhere.

True

(Q016) Emotivists believe that moral judgments are about feelings rather than the truth or falsity of moral statements.

True

(Q017) Nothing is truly good or bad, according to emotivists.

True

(Q019) The statement "Shoplifting is wrong" attempts to influence others' attitudes about shoplifting, according to emotivists.

True

(Q020) This statement is morally sound for subjective relativists: "If I think that inflicting pain on an innocent child for no reason is right (that is, I approve of such an action), then the action is right."

True

(Q007) If I say that violence is never morally permissible, and you say that violence is sometimes morally permissible, then which statement is true according to subjective relativism?

We are not having a moral disagreement.

Q008) If you and I belong to the same culture, and I say capital punishment is always wrong, whereas you say capital punishment is sometimes right, which statement is true according to cultural relativism?

We can resolve our disagreement through an opinion poll.

Assume that human life is intrinsically valuable. Which of these conclusions is BEST supported by that assumption?

Whatever helps humans stay alive is instrumentally valuable.

(Q002) An emotivist would call a moral disagreement about abortion

a disagreement in attitude.

(Q010) Which view says that moral judgments ascribe moral properties to actions or people and are statements that can be true or false?

cognitivism

(Q001) According to emotivism, if someone says, "No one should eat meat," that person is

expressing his/her emotions.

(Q003) Cultural relativists would say that if an action is morally right in one culture

it can be morally wrong in another culture.

(Q005) Even if the basic argument for cultural relativism fails, it is an appealing doctrine to many people because

it seems to promote tolerance toward other cultures.

(Q012) Which view says that an action may be morally right for a person even if no one, even the person himself, approves of it?

objectivism

(Q006) If you believe that some moral principles are valid for everyone, regardless of culture or moral outlook, you subscribe to

objectivism.

(Q009) Which view holds that there is no objective morality and that cultural norms do not make something right or wrong but rather that individuals do?

subjective relativism