ETHICS Moral Courage

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Courage as virtue (Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics)

The virtue of thought, that is developed through education; the virtue of character (moral virtues) developed through habit

Physical courage examples

athletes, firefighters, policemen; physical harm or death

Aristotle

believed moral virtues are not innate characteristics (i.e. courage); education for the entirety of human being.

Moral virtue

dependent upon the golden mean, Aristotle believed both excess and deficiency could be disastrous (courage is between fearing everything and nothing)

Physical courage

is often needed to overcome our fear of the consequences of failure

Satyagraha

loosely translated as "insistence of truth", coined by Mahatma Ghandi for Indian independence

Moral choice

major component of moral courage,

Recognized moral situation

major component of moral courage,

Behavior

major component of moral courage, acting in accordance to moral reasoning,

Individuality

major component of moral courage, facing consequences alone,

Ability in facing the fear

major component of moral courage, failure or success

Moral courage

often confronts the fear of the consequences of our success, a person of moral courage cannot be so physically a coward

Moral courage examples

people who take moral stand; loss of moral integrity leading to societal disapproval

Socrates

"Education and habituation"; Education of soul or body; Do not portray the underworld as terrifying; otherwise children will never develop courage because of fear

Pedro Calungsod

"I am a Catholic and wholeheartedly do accept death for God."

Mother Teres

"Not all of us can do great things, but we can do small things with great love."

William Kilpatrick

"Use of stories and heroes"; Moral stories we tell to children are what help children learn virtues

Agraha

"insistence" or "holding firmly to"

Satya

"truth"

Courage allows moral acts to be performed out of other moral motivations

Courage is "preservative", preserve values and virtues received from society


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