ETHICS Moral Courage
Courage as virtue (Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics)
The virtue of thought, that is developed through education; the virtue of character (moral virtues) developed through habit
Physical courage examples
athletes, firefighters, policemen; physical harm or death
Aristotle
believed moral virtues are not innate characteristics (i.e. courage); education for the entirety of human being.
Moral virtue
dependent upon the golden mean, Aristotle believed both excess and deficiency could be disastrous (courage is between fearing everything and nothing)
Physical courage
is often needed to overcome our fear of the consequences of failure
Satyagraha
loosely translated as "insistence of truth", coined by Mahatma Ghandi for Indian independence
Moral choice
major component of moral courage,
Recognized moral situation
major component of moral courage,
Behavior
major component of moral courage, acting in accordance to moral reasoning,
Individuality
major component of moral courage, facing consequences alone,
Ability in facing the fear
major component of moral courage, failure or success
Moral courage
often confronts the fear of the consequences of our success, a person of moral courage cannot be so physically a coward
Moral courage examples
people who take moral stand; loss of moral integrity leading to societal disapproval
Socrates
"Education and habituation"; Education of soul or body; Do not portray the underworld as terrifying; otherwise children will never develop courage because of fear
Pedro Calungsod
"I am a Catholic and wholeheartedly do accept death for God."
Mother Teres
"Not all of us can do great things, but we can do small things with great love."
William Kilpatrick
"Use of stories and heroes"; Moral stories we tell to children are what help children learn virtues
Agraha
"insistence" or "holding firmly to"
Satya
"truth"
Courage allows moral acts to be performed out of other moral motivations
Courage is "preservative", preserve values and virtues received from society
