ETHICS- UNIT 2 MILESTONE 2

Which of the following statements would you expect to hear from a conventionalist? "A culture's customs are unrelated to ethical truths." "The most important culture is the world's culture." "Morality cannot be compared across cultural borders." "The effects of an action on the culture determine its morality."

"Morality cannot be compared across cultural borders."

Which of the following statements supports egoism? Ethical standards are easily upheld when they benefit others. The rule of law motivates actions for individuals. A society is more just if it enforces laws for the benefit of everyone. A flourishing society requires flourishing individuals.

A flourishing society requires flourishing individuals.

Which of the following observations poses a challenge to the cultural differences argument? A lot of cultures agree that murder, stealing, and lying are wrong. Each culture thinks its own moral framework is universal. Some cultures are utilitarian, while others are egoist. Many cultures disagree on the ultimate purpose of morality.

A lot of cultures agree that murder, stealing, and lying are wrong.

Michelle is visiting a Muslim country. She doesn't know what to expect because she knows that some Muslim societies expect women to wear a head-scarf when they are outdoors. When she gets off of the airplane, Michelle immediately notices that all the women in the airport are wearing head-scarves. According to conventionalism, which action would be most appropriate for Michelle to take? Tie her hair back and put on a baseball cap. Let her hair show because she isn't Muslim. Buy a head-scarf and put it on. Buy a head scarf and keep it in her purse in case someone tells her to put it on.

Buy a head-scarf and put it on.

Which of the following statements in support of divine command theory is true? Divine command theory can be a source of comfort. The ultimate basis for divine command theory ethics can be found in the empirical world. Divine command theory cannot provide clear motivations for being moral. Divine command theory does not provide a clear basis for ethics.

Divine command theory can be a source of comfort.

Which of the following represents a challenge to divine command theory? Divine command theory doesn't give a compelling reason for being good. Divine command theory does not offer a firm basis for morality. Divine command theory is too relative. Divine command theory relies on sacred texts that are silent on some issues.

Divine command theory relies on sacred texts that are silent on some issues.

Which of the following statements about divine command theory is true? Divine command theory states that the intention justifies the action. Divine command theory states that if God says nothing about an action, that action is forbidden. Divine command theory is just another name for religion. Divine command theory states that God's commands are universal ethical truths.

Divine command theory states that God's commands are universal ethical truths.

Which of the following represents a difficulty with egoism? Egoism maximizes each individual's pleasure, which is something everyone wants. Egoism does not allow the egoist to evaluate others based on his or her perspective. Egoism is a core part of human nature, so denying it is denying someone's humanity. Socially determined actions are usually more successful than self-determined actions.

Egoism does not allow the egoist to evaluate others based on his or her perspective.

Which of the following examples contains a disagreement between popular thought and divine command theory? God forbids the worship of idols, so I only worship him. God says, "Woe to those who are rich," but many people strive for wealth. God says to keep the Sabbath holy, so many people don't have to work on the weekend. God forbids divorce, so my wife and I didn't make a prenuptial agreement.

God says, "Woe to those who are rich," but many people strive for wealth.

According to egoism, what might an egoist think about when compelled to serve on a jury? It is a fair system when a panel of ordinary citizens are obligated to pass judgment. I have an important project at work I am obligated to complete this week. The criminal justice system is obligated to work for all people. We are obligated to honor the Constitution and its directive that everyone has a right to face a jury.

I have an important project at work I am obligated to complete this week.

Frances, like most people in her culture, avoids making eye contact with strangers. What would a conventionalist call the action of making eye contact with strangers? Impermissible Obligatory Neutral Supererogatory

Impermissible

Why is egoism unique among ethical theories? It is the only theory to acknowledge conflicting interests as harmful to a system of ethics. It is the only theory to maintain that there are no universal truths regarding what is good. It is the only theory to equate what is good to what is performed in the name of self-interest. It is the only theory to explain the way things ought to be in regards to what is right and wrong.

It is the only theory to equate what is good to what is performed in the name of self-interest.

Which of the following scenarios would be neutral for an egoist? Leah has a hard time deciding between the University of Minnesota and Notre Dame, but she picks Notre Dame in the end. Lamar lies about having done his homework so that he won't get in trouble with his parents. Luna joins the armed forces so she can give something back to her nation and guarantee a future for her society. Larry refuses to participate in his neighborhood watch because it takes too much of his time and energy.

Leah has a hard time deciding between the University of Minnesota and Notre Dame, but she picks Notre Dame in the end.

Which of the following people would most likely be satisfied with conventionalism? Lee is looking for an ethical framework that requires newcomers to assimilate. Levi is looking for an ethical framework that judges actions based on the kind of people who do them. Laura is looking for an ethical framework that uses consequences to justify actions. Lucy is looking for an ethical framework that provides a sense of final justice.

Lee is looking for an ethical framework that requires newcomers to assimilate.

After moving to a new city, Rachel continues to support her hometown's baseball team. A friend tells her she has to support her new city's team, but Rachel points out that God hasn't said anything on the matter. In Rachel's view, her action is __________ according to divine command theory. supererogatory neutral impermissible obligatory

neutral