EX 08: Overview of the Skeleton

The shaft of a long bone is known as the __________. A. diaphysis B. epiphysis

A

A condyle differs from an epicondyle in that the condyle ________. A. is often flat, whereas an epicondyle is round B. helps form a joint C. is an attachment site for muscle D. is a raised area above a joint

B

An example of a sesamoid bone is the ________. A. clavicle B. radius C. pubis D. patella

D

The center of the osteon is called the ________. A. canaliculus B. lacuna C. perforating (Volkmann's) canal D. central (Haversian) canal

D

The femur is an example of a(n) __________ bone. A. short B. flat C. irregular D. long

D

Which of the following bone markings helps form joints? A. epicondyle B. crest C. fossa D. head

D

Longitudinal bone growth occurs at this location in long bones. A. diaphyseal plates B. heads C. epiphyseal plates D. midshaft

C

A trochanter is a ________. A. large, irregularly-shaped projection B. rounded, articular projection C. narrow opening in bone D. structure supported on the neck

A

Bones are somewhat flexible due to ________. A. collagen fibers in the matrix B. calcium salts in the ground substance C. soft, pliable ground substance of the matrix D. elastic fibers in the matrix

A

This is a passageway for blood vessels and nerves. A. foramen B. tubercle C. meatus D. facet

A

This membrane lines the shaft of long bones, and covers the trabeculae of spongy bone. A. endosteum B. periosteum C. epiphysis D. perforating fibers

A

This type of cartilage attaches ribs to the sternum. A. hyaline B. elastic C. fibrocartilage

A

________ are the telescoping tubes of matrix (concentric lamellae) with their central canals that form a large part of compact bone. A. Osteons B. Lacunae C. Osteocytes D. Trabeculae

A

A long bone consists of a shaft composed of ________ and an end composed of ________. A. spongy bone, compact bone B. compact bone, spongy bone covered by compact bone C. compact bone, compact bone D. trabeculae, hard solid bone

B

All of the following are short bones except ________. A. tarsals B. phalanges C. patella D. carpals

B

In addition to supporting and protecting the body, the skeleton provides this function as well. A. Its cartilages produce blood. B. The bones store fat, red marrow, and calcium. C. Its muscles provide movement.

B

The ________ is the storage area for yellow marrow in an adult bone. A. epiphyseal line B. medullary cavity C. epiphysis D. epiphyseal plate

B

The structural unit of compact bone is the __________. A. canaliculius B. osteon C. lacuna

B

This is the most common type of skeletal cartilage. A. fibrocartilage B. hyaline C. elastic

B

This type of cartilage supports the external ear and keeps it firm but flexible. A. fibrocartilage B. elastic C. hyaline

B

Which of the cartilage types below is matched correctly to it body location? A. elastic; at the ends of the bones where they form joints B. fibrocartilage; meniscus of the knee C. hyaline; between bodies of vertebrae

B

Which of the following bone belongs to the axial skeleton and is a flat bone? A. coxal (pelvic) bone B. sternum C. scapula D. vertebrae

B

Bones of the skeleton are connected at junctions called ________. A. appendiculars B. associations C. articulations D. axials

C

The epiphyses of long bones are ________. A. hollow B. solid C. filled with spongy bone

C

The type of cartilage that has the greatest strength and is found in the knee joint and intervertebral discs is __________. A. hyaline B. elastic C. fibrocartilage

C

Vertebrae belong to this category of bones. A. long B. flat C. irregular D. short

C

Which of the following bone belongs to the appendicular skeleton? A. vertebrae B. ribs C. clavicle D. cranium

C

What kind of tissue comprises the epiphyseal plate of bones? A. endosteal cartilage B. periosteal cartilage C. articular cartilage D. hyaline cartilage

D

Which of the following bones belongs to the axial skeleton? A. patella B. humerus C. carpals D. sternum

D

Which of the following structures is an attachment site for muscles or ligaments? A. fissure B. facet C. meatus D. crest

D

Cartilage has a covering made of dense connective tissue called a periosteum. True False

False

Embryonic skeletons consist primarily of elastic cartilage, which is gradually replaced by bone during development and growth. True False

False