exam 1 music

sonata form/ santa allegro

First movement of a symphony 1. Exposition 2. Development 3. Recapitulation 4. Coda

exposition

Introduces two main themes- A and B

harmony

More than one note at a time (fills out the sound, creates an emotions framework, creates direction)

symphony

Musical comp. Of full orchestra, in four movement, with sonata form in at least one movement

interval

- distance between pitches

coda

Big finish

Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C minor, 1st movement

Dark, Sonata form. dun dun dun DEEP

first viennese school

Used to refer to Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven

Timbre

What makes the sound? Voices, bowed strings, brass, woodwinds, percussion, keyboard

string quartet

a chamber music ensemble consisting of first and second violins, viola, and cello.

dissonance

a combination of pitches which sounds harsh and jarring, resulting in a harmonic tension that ultimately seeks resolution

theme and variation

a form that features several different versions of the same melody

symphony orchestra

a large classical orchestra, including string, wind, brass, and percussion instruments. -Instruments designed to play a symphony

chord

a particular moment of harmony

melody

a recognizable and memorable series of single notes in a particular rhythm, with beginning and end points

Rhythm

"time" element including note lengths, meter

octave

"Same" pitch in a different register groups of 8

melodic contour

"Shape" of melody (up and down of a melody)

movements of a symphony

1. Sonata Form (Sonata Allegro) 2. Slow, different key, any form 3. Minuet and Trio (Triple Meter Dance) 4. Fast, any form

Instrumentation of a string quartet and a symphony orchestra

1. Violin 2. Viola 3. violin 4. cello

minuet and trio

3rd movement of mostly every piece Triple meter dance A B A Minuet trio minuet

recapitulation

A + B No key change

consonance

A combination of pitches which sounds agreeable and stable, producing a sense of rest

range

All the musical notes that a particular singer or musical instrument can make

Mozart, Eine kleine Nachtmusik, 1st movement

Allegro; Sonata-allegro form, G Major dun dun dun dun dun dun dun dun faster pace

Hayden

Austrian, Court Composer for the Esterhazy family, well liked. "FATHER OF THE SYMPHONY" composer for the Esterhazy family, invented symphony and string quartet, after a 10 year contract he was finally able to publish his work

Mozart

Austrian, Good Memory, goes to Vienna (hangs with Haydn there), Child Prodigy, was popular for a while-which died out, had anger issues. Photographic memory, composed in his head, started working for Archbishop as he got older, first piece at age 6, perfect pitch

development

Play around with themes (focus on A) Change key alot Upside down Longer or shorter

"Haydn, String Quartet, Opus 76, No. 3 (Emperor) 2nd movement"

SOFT SLOW gentle, violens; Theme and Variations form

second movement

Slow, and in a different key than the rest of the moment

Mozart, Symphony No. 40 in G minor, 1st movement

Sonata-allegro form kinda of soft, fast paces, violins

B

different key/ mellower E flat

Mozart, Eine Kleine Nachtmusik, 3rd movement.

double string quartet, minuet and trio chirpy one

accent

emphasize a particular note

Beat

even pulse that divides the passing of musical time into equal segments

meter

gathering of beats into groups, usually between two and four

pitch

high or low the sound (can be measured in Hertz which is the number of waves per second)

A

key of the piece/ energetic and exciting minor

monophony

meaning "one sounding", it describes a single melody without accompaniment

texture

musical element that refers to the number and interaction of simultaneous melodies and accompaniment within a composition

syncopation

placing an accent on a weak beat or between the beats

dynamics

refers to the level of volume at which sounds are produced

tempo

speed at which beats occur

homophony

term describing a single melody, supported by an accompaniment

polyphony

texture consisting of two or more simultaneous melodies, with or without accompaniment

cadence

the concluding part of a musical phrase

form

the term relating to the large structural elements of a composition