Exam 1 Practice Questions
______ is the application of limited knowledge about one person with specific characteristics to other persons with the same characteristics. a. ethnicity b. stereotyping c. ethnocentrism d. health disparities
a. ethnicity b. stereotyping c. ethnocentrism d. health disparities
The nurse suspects which problem of thermoregulation in an older client who presents with confusion, HR 148, BP 86/54, Temp 104.6 and hot/dry skin? a. heat shock b. heat fatigue c. heat stroke d. heat exhaustion
a. heat shock b. heat fatigue c. heat stroke d. heat exhaustion
Example of interventions to promote wellness include all of the following except a. influenza and pneumonia vaccinations b. breast cancer screenings c. psychiatric screenings d. colorectal screenings
a. influenza and pneumonia vaccinations b. breast cancer screenings c. psychiatric screenings d. colorectal screenings
Which one of the following statements about biological theories in aging is incorrect? a. most theories can be proved b. each theory provides a clue to the aging process c. theories are useful points of reference d. a theory remains a reasonable explanation until someone finds it to be incorrect
a. most theories can be proved b. each theory provides a clue to the aging process c. theories are useful points of reference d. a theory remains a reasonable explanation until someone finds it to be incorrect *Most theories cannot be proved nor disproved*
A couple is renovating their garage into an apartment for the husbands 81 year old mother. What safety recommendations should the nurse suggest? a. paint the stairs a dark color to reduce glare b. increase water heater temperature to 200"F c. install an electric vs gas stove in the kitchen d. stock pantries with spices such as salt and pepper
a. paint the stairs a dark color to reduce glare b. increase water heater temperature to 200"F c. install an electric vs gas stove in the kitchen d. stock pantries with spices such as salt and pepper
The nurse admitted an 88 year old client wants to assess a client's function in ADLs. Which assessment tool will the nurse use? a. FANCAPES b. Katz c. SPICES d. MMSE
a. FANCAPES b. Katz c. SPICES d. MMSE
An older adult client reports pressure ulcers, anemia, hypotension, and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). You suspect that this client is exhibiting which one of the following? a. Malnutrition b. Obesity c. Vitamin B12 deficiency d. Diverticulosis
a. Malnutrition b. Obesity c. Vitamin B12 deficiency d. Diverticulosis
Which statements made by the nursing student demonstrate adequate knowledge about the etiology of hypothermia and administration of different treatments? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. "Blood infusion causes hypothermia." b."Amphetamines cause hypothermia." c. "β-Adrenergic blockers cause hypothermia." d. "Tricyclic antidepressants causes hypothermia." e. "Neuromuscular blocking agents causes hypothermia."
a. "Blood infusion causes hypothermia." b."Amphetamines cause hypothermia." -- hyperthermia c. "β-Adrenergic blockers cause hypothermia." -- hyperthermia d. "Tricyclic antidepressants causes hypothermia." -- hyperthermia e. "Neuromuscular blocking agents causes hypothermia."
Pain can be which of the following? Select all that apply. a. Acute b. Idiopathic c. Nociceptive d. Pathologic e. Adjuvant f. Persistent
a. Acute b. Idiopathic c. Nociceptive d. Pathologic e. Adjuvant f. Persistent
Factors that influence the aging experience include: a. retirement b. grandchildren c. chronic illness d. lack of medical care e. quality of life
a. retirement b. grandchildren c. chronic illness d. lack of medical care e. quality of life
An 80 year old client is taking a second generation antipsychotic. Which of the following interventions should be performed to monitor for complications? SATA a. Assess temperature b. Assess BP c. Assess gait d. Assess respirations e. Assess pain level
a. Assess temperature -- hypothermia b. Assess BP -- hypotension c. Assess gait -- EPS/Parkinsonian d. Assess respirations -- Sedative effects e. Assess pain level
The change in the effectiveness of two or more substances when used in combination refers to which one of the following terms? a. Biotransformation b. Potentiation c. Bioavailability d. Iatrogenic
a. Biotransformation b. Potentiation c. Bioavailability d. Iatrogenic *Potentiation is the strengthening of the effect of two or more substances (e.g., food, another drug) when used in combination.*
An 85-year-old client has just been admitted to a nursing home. When designing a plan of care for this older adult, the nurse recalls which expected sensory losses associated with aging? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Difficulty in swallowing b. Diminished sensation of pain c. Heightened response to stimuli d. Impaired hearing of high frequency sounds e. Increased ability to tolerate environmental heat
a. Difficulty in swallowing -- motor loss & not expected response to aging b. Diminished sensation of pain c. Heightened response to stimuli -- decreased, not heightened d. Impaired hearing of high frequency sounds e. Increased ability to tolerate environmental heat -- decreased *Because of aging of the nervous system, an older adult has a diminished sensation of pain and may be unaware of a serious illness, thermal extremes, or excessive pressure. As people age, they experience atrophy of the organ of Corti and cochlear neurons, loss of the sensory hair cells, and degeneration of the stria vascularis, which affects an older person's ability to perceive high-frequency sounds.*
Which classification of drugs is on the list of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) for older adults and should be avoided except in extreme cases? a. Warfarin b. Acetaminophen c. Benzodiazepines d. Narcotic analgesics
a. Warfarin b. Acetaminophen c. Benzodiazepines d. Narcotic analgesics *Benzodiazepines are associated with an increased risk for accidental injury and are on the PIM list and not recommended for older adults.*
The nurse is educating a client who is starting simvastatin. Which food selections by the client indicates that further teaching is necessary? a. baked chicken and wheat bread b. angel food cake and sorbet c. egg whites and grapefruit d. salmon and mixed salad
a. baked chicken and wheat bread b. angel food cake and sorbet c. egg whites and grapefruit d. salmon and mixed salad
The nurse evaluates that the client understands teaching regarding the cause of constipation in older adults when the client states what? a. the blood flow to my bowels has increased b. i need to increase my carbohydrate intake c. my bowels move slower now that i'm old d. constipation in older people is always normal
a. the blood flow to my bowels has increased b. i need to increase my carbohydrate intake c. my bowels move slower now that i'm old d. constipation in older people is always normal
Which one of the following traits is a normal part of aging? a. Depression b. Isolation c. Spirituality d. Gerotranscendence
a. Depression b. Isolation c. Spirituality d. Gerotranscendence
The family member of a patient asks if vitamin C will prevent aging. In formulating an appropriate response, the nurse considers the: a. Free radical theory b. Autoimmune theory c. Wear-and-tear theory d. Continuity theory
a. Free radical theory b. Autoimmune theory c. Wear-and-tear theory d. Continuity theory
Many different sources are used to evaluate older adults. Which one of the following offers a simple and overall assessment tool that provides reliable and valid information when used with persons later in life? a. Fulmer SPICES b. Older Adult Resources Scale (OARS) instrument c. Katz index of independence in activities of daily living (ADLs) d. Barthel index
a. Fulmer SPICES b. Older Adult Resources Scale (OARS) instrument c. Katz index of independence in activities of daily living (ADLs) d. Barthel index
As a nurse caring for a cognitively impaired older adult client, you need to observe for which of the following? Select all that apply. a. Increased confusion b. Agitation c. Aggression d. Decreased passivity e. Pointing to a grimacing face or crying f. Staring off into space
a. Increased confusion b. Agitation c. Aggression d. Decreased passivity e. Pointing to a grimacing face or crying f. Staring off into space
Which of the following special abilities would not be needed in performing and assessing an older adult? a. Listening patiently b. Allowing for pauses while the older adult thinks c. Asking questions that are frequently asked d. Understanding that he or she might need to obtain data from all available sources
a. Listening patiently b. Allowing for pauses while the older adult thinks c. Asking questions that are frequently asked d. Understanding that he or she might need to obtain data from all available sources
Which assessment will assist the nurse in determining whether a client is experiencing adverse effects of risperidone? a. Monitor for episodes of diarrhea. b. Test sensation of lower extremities. c. Question if dizziness is experienced. d. Auscultate breath sounds to detect wheezing
a. Monitor for episodes of diarrhea. b. Test sensation of lower extremities. c. Question if dizziness is experienced. d. Auscultate breath sounds to detect wheezing *s/e = hypotension, dizziness, constipation*
The nurse responds to an older client who is suspected of experiencing heat fatigue at an outdoor event. What is the priority nursing intervention? a. Transfer the client inside a cool building b. Place the client in a dorsal recumbent position c. Assess the clients last incidence of urination d. Assess client's skin on the chest for tenting
a. Transfer the client inside a cool building -- eliminating underlying cause! b. Place the client in a dorsal recumbent position c. Assess the clients last incidence of urination d. Assess client's skin on the chest for tenting
You notice that your 85-year-old grandfather is having some trouble with his visual, motor, and cognitive skills. You would recommend the following driving adaptations EXCEPT a. a booster cushion. b. tinted windows. c. a wider rear-view mirror. d. electronic detectors.
a. a booster cushion. b. tinted windows. c. a wider rear-view mirror. d. electronic detectors
An older client reports a hx of hyposmia and decreased taste perception. To prevent a possible complication, the nurse should prioritize which action? a. assess the first cranial nerve b. monitor dietary intake c. provide low sodium foods d. apply non-skid hose
a. assess the first cranial nerve b. monitor dietary intake c. provide low sodium foods d. apply non-skid hose *This client is a risk for malnutrition due to reduction in taste, therefore dietary intake should be monitored closely.*
The nurse determines that teaching to prevent constipation was effective when the client states what? a. being constipated means i might be dehydrated b. i will drink at least 2 liters of water per day c. i will take laxatives as a prophylactic measure d. i will exercise by walking frequently
a. being constipated means i might be dehydrated b. i will drink at least 2 liters of water per day c. i will take laxatives as a prophylactic measure d. i will exercise by walking frequently
Individuals who are 100 to 109 years of age are known as a. centenarians b. supercentenarians c. those in between d. baby boomers
a. centenarians b. supercentenarians c. those in between d. baby boomers
The nurse is interviewing an older client regarding pre-op medications. The nurse should teach the older client which herbs or supplements should be stopped at least 2 weeks before surgery? SATA a. ginkgo biloba b. ginseng c. garlic d. st johns wort e. glucosamine sulfate
a. ginkgo biloba b. ginseng c. garlic d. st johns wort e. glucosamine sulfate
When established in 1935, what effect did social security have by setting the retirement age at 65 years? a. it allowed older persons to work until they made the decision to stop b. it set a time frame to describe someone as being old c. it made it mandatory for all individuals to retire at 65 years of age d. it made everyone realize that they could quit working at 65 years of age and live comfortably on the benefits
a. it allowed older persons to work until they made the decision to stop b. it set a time frame to describe someone as being old c. it made it mandatory for all individuals to retire at 65 years of age d. it made everyone realize that they could quit working at 65 years of age and live comfortably on the benefits
____ is associated with increased health care costs, functional impairments, and disability. a. Obesity b. Malnutrition c. Dysphagia d. Aspiration
a. Obesity b. Malnutrition c. Dysphagia d. Aspiration
The nurse is planning to screen a client for dementia. Which assessment tool should be selected? a. SPICES b. Mini-Cog c. GDS d. Minimum data set
a. SPICES b. Mini-Cog c. GDS d. Minimum data set
An older client who is at risk for falling has multiple throw rugs in the home. The nurse performs which action to best eliminate the risk of falling? a. Tack down the rugs to the floor b. Apply rubber backing to the rugs c. Remove the rugs from the home d. Apply two-sided tape to the rugs
a. Tack down the rugs to the floor b. Apply rubber backing to the rugs c. Remove the rugs from the home d. Apply two-sided tape to the rugs
Hypothermia is a medical emergency defined as a core temperature less than 95°F. Which of the following tips to prevent hypothermia should you tell your elderly client? Select all that apply. a. Use a head covering. b. Eat high-protein meals. c. Use absorbent incontinent pads. d. Use your comfort level to set the thermostat. e.Layer clothing and bed clothes.
a. Use a head covering. b. Eat high-protein meals. c. Use absorbent incontinent pads. d. Use your comfort level to set the thermostat. e.Layer clothing and bed clothes.
An older adult client has a hx of COPD. Which of the following would you suggest to your client? a. annual influenza immunization b. annual fecal tests c. annual PSA screening d. limiting smoking to one ppd
a. annual influenza immunization b. annual fecal tests c. annual PSA screening d. limiting smoking to one ppd
Ageism is a term used to describe the discrimination and negative stereotypes that are based solely on age. From the following list, which statement does not reflect ageism? a. anti-aging products b. graphic portrayals mocking the ability of older adults c. mandatory retirement policies d. demonstrations of respect for the older adult
a. anti-aging products b. graphic portrayals mocking the ability of older adults c. mandatory retirement policies d. demonstrations of respect for the older adult
The nursing student counsels an older 70-year-old female client about changes caused by aging. Which statement made by the client indicates effective learning? a. "I should reduce my calcium intake." b. "I should limit my Kegel exercises." c. "I should have regular breast examinations." d. "I should avoid eating protein."
a. "I should reduce my calcium intake." b. "I should limit my Kegel exercises." c. "I should have regular breast examinations." d. "I should avoid eating protein."
A family member who visits an 80-year-old client in a nursing home remarks how thin and wrinkled the client looks. Which response by the nurse will help the family member understand the normal aging process? a. "Most people at that age should be careful about weight gain." b. "This is typical of older adults; they really don't eat well." c. "It looks as though sun exposure has taken its toll." d. "Older adults have lost the tissue that helps puff out the skin."
a. "Most people at that age should be careful about weight gain." b. "This is typical of older adults; they really don't eat well." c. "It looks as though sun exposure has taken its toll." d. "Older adults have lost the tissue that helps puff out the skin."
Based on the census reports of 2010, the typical profile of a centenarian in the US includes which of the following characteristics? a. An African American woman who lives in a rural area of a Southern state b. A Hispanic man who lives in an urban area of a midwestern state c. A Caucasian woman who lives in an urban area of a Southern state d. A Caucasian man who lives in a rural area of a Midwestern state
a. An African American woman who lives in a rural area of a Southern state b. A Hispanic man who lives in an urban area of a midwestern state c. A Caucasian woman who lives in an urban area of a Southern state d. A Caucasian man who lives in a rural area of a Midwestern state
Which assessment finding of orthostatic vital signs would the nurse determine as positive results (abnormal)? a. BP increase from 120/78 to 126/80 after the client stood b. HR increase from 90 to 112 after the client sat up c. BP decrease from 128/70 to 108/66 after the client sat up d. HR increase from 88 to 99 after the client sat up e. HR increase from 96 to 108 after the client stood f. BP decrease from 136/70 to 96/72 after the client stood
a. BP increase from 120/78 to 126/80 after the client stood b. HR increase from 90 to 112 after the client sat up c. BP decrease from 128/70 to 108/66 after the client sat up d. HR increase from 88 to 99 after the client sat up e. HR increase from 96 to 108 after the client stood f. BP decrease from 136/70 to 96/72 after the client stood
The nurse performs a Katz assessment of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) on an 81 year old male client. The nurse evaluates that the client exhibits independence if he does which of the following? SATA a. Bathes self each day b. Needs help wiping after toileting c. Makes it to the restroom without incontinence d. Needs help while eating e. Dresses self each day
a. Bathes self each day b. Needs help wiping after toileting c. Makes it to the restroom without incontinence d. Needs help while eating e. Dresses self each day
An older client with rheumatoid arthritis reports currently taking Echinacea to help with a cold. What is the priority nursing teaching? a. Discontinue the herb and notify the HCP b. Take the herb at least 1 hour after other medications c. The herb is generally considered safe in all older adults d. Determine if the herb is approved by the FDA
a. Discontinue the herb and notify the HCP -- should not be used w/ autoimmune disorders b. Take the herb at least 1 hour after other medications c. The herb is generally considered safe in all older adults d. Determine if the herb is approved by the FDA
Across the country, temperatures are in the high 90s to low 100s °F, and your client has no air conditioning. You know that hyperthermia can result because of the elevated temperatures. Which of the following tips to prevent hyperthermia should you tell your elderly client? Select all that apply. a. Drink plenty of fluids. b. Avoid alcohol. c. Use cool or tepid water. d. Minimize exertion. e. Wear cool clothing such as silk or polyester.
a. Drink plenty of fluids. b. Avoid alcohol. c. Use cool or tepid water. d. Minimize exertion. e. Wear cool clothing such as silk or polyester.
When teaching about aging, the nurse explains that older adults usually have which characteristic? a. Inflexible attitudes b. Periods of confusion c. Slower reaction times d. Some senile dementia
a. Inflexible attitudes b. Periods of confusion c. Slower reaction times d. Some senile dementia
The nurse knows that the patient has a good understanding of her height loss when she states: a. Its normal for older women to lose even 5' in height as they get older -- 1 -2 inches is normal; 5 inches is excessive b. I've gotten shorter because because my back curves more and the spaces in my spine are smaller c. Im getting shorter because my muscles are weak and I am old d. I've gotten shorter this year because my knees are collapsing
a. Its normal for older women to lose even 5' in height as they get older -- 1 -2 inches is normal; 5 inches is excessive b. I've gotten shorter because because my back curves more and the spaces in my spine are smaller c. Im getting shorter because my muscles are weak and I am old d. I've gotten shorter this year because my knees are collapsing
Which information would the nurse provide a nursing student about the relationship between nursing theory and nursing research? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. "A single nursing research study is enough to test all the components of a nursing theory." b. "Theory-generating research helps discover and describe relationships of phenomena." c. "Theory-testing research helps determine the accuracy with which a theory describes a phenomenon." d. "The relationship between nursing theory and nursing research builds the scientific knowledge base of nursing." e. "Conducting continuous research activities may cause a hindrance to the acquisition of knowledge and science of nursing."
a. "A single nursing research study is enough to test all the components of a nursing theory." b. "Theory-generating research helps discover and describe relationships of phenomena." c. "Theory-testing research helps determine the accuracy with which a theory describes a phenomenon." d. "The relationship between nursing theory and nursing research builds the scientific knowledge base of nursing." e. "Conducting continuous research activities may cause a hindrance to the acquisition of knowledge and science of nursing."
You are visiting your client a few days before a blizzard is expected to hit your town, and you notice that her heater is not working. As a public health nurse, you know that all of the following require early assessment EXCEPT... 1. environmental temperatures.2. economic conditions.3. medication effects.4. changes in thermoregulatory responses. a. 1, 3, and 4 b. 2 and 3 c. 1, 2, and 3 d. All of the above
a. 1, 3, and 4 b. 2 and 3 c. 1, 2, and 3 d. All of the above
Based on the census reports of 2010, the typical profile of a centenarian in the US includes which of the following characteristics? a. A Caucasian woman who lives in an urban area of an eastern state b. A Hispanic man who lives in an urban area of a northern state c. An African American man who lives in a rural area of a southern state d. A Caucasian man who lives in a rural area of a western state
a. A Caucasian woman who lives in an urban area of an eastern state b. A Hispanic man who lives in an urban area of a northern state c. An African American man who lives in a rural area of a southern state d. A Caucasian man who lives in a rural area of a western state
Which would the nurse assess to determine whether a 75-year-old individual is meeting the developmental tasks associated with aging? a. Achievement of a personal philosophy b. Adaptation to the children leaving home c. Attainment of a sense of worth as a person d. Adjustment to life in an assisted-living facility
a. Achievement of a personal philosophy b. Adaptation to the children leaving home c. Attainment of a sense of worth as a person d. Adjustment to life in an assisted-living facility *Developing and participating in meaningful activities and satisfaction with past accomplishments increase feelings of self-worth. Achievement of a personal philosophy is a task of early adulthood. Adaptation to the children leaving home is a task of middle adulthood. Adjustment to life in an assisted-living facility is not a developmental task of older adults; not all older adults live in assisted-living facilities.*
Primary prevention strategies for older adults include which of the following? SATA a. An annual influenza immunization b. A prostate screening program c. Brisk walking 3-4 times per week d. A cardiac rehabilitation program e. Meal planning education for type 2 diabetics
a. An annual influenza immunization b. A prostate screening program c. Brisk walking 3-4 times per week d. A cardiac rehabilitation program e. Meal planning education for type 2 diabetics
As a nurse taking care of an older adult who is facing surgery in the near future, you notice that she is withdrawn and talks about missing her church family and pastor who are in another town. Which of the following nursing actions might you take? SATA a. Ask her permission to call her pastor to request a visit and to notify her church friends. b. Ask if you could call the hospital's clergy representative to come and visit her. c. Tell her that the physician is the best in his field and that she has nothing to worry about. d. Spend some time with her, holding her hand, and let her talk about her church family. e. Call her family members and let them know that she is in anguish and would better survive surgery if she were able to see her pastor and some church family members. f. Take her hand and ask her to pray with you.
a. Ask her permission to call her pastor to request a visit and to notify her church friends. b. Ask if you could call the hospital's clergy representative to come and visit her. c. Tell her that the physician is the best in his field and that she has nothing to worry about. d. Spend some time with her, holding her hand, and let her talk about her church family. e. Call her family members and let them know that she is in anguish and would better survive surgery if she were able to see her pastor and some church family members. f. Take her hand and ask her to pray with you.
An older client with CKD has potassium level of 6.1 mEq/dL. Which of the following is a priority nursing action? a. Assess the cardiac rhythm b. Increase PO fluid intake c. Encourage more dark green vegetable intake d. Assess the sodium level
a. Assess the cardiac rhythm b. Increase PO fluid intake c. Encourage more dark green vegetable intake d. Assess the sodium level *Client with hyperkalemia is at risk for developing life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, therefore assessment of the rhythm is the priority action in the list of options. The vegetables may increase the K. Increased water is insufficient to reduce K. Na level may be assessed, but does nothing for the client related to the hyperkalemia.*
As a home health nurse, you are providing care to a 91-year-old man and his 84-year-old wife who live on their own in an active retirement community. You note that this couple continues to be active in going out to eat with friends, traveling, and playing bridge and other card games. The husband plays bocce ball and volunteers at the library. They are exhibiting which sociological theory of aging? a. Continuity theory b. Modernization theory c. Activity theory d. Social exchange theory
a. Continuity theory b. Modernization theory c. Activity theory d. Social exchange theory
The nurse is caring for an older adult with a hearing loss secondary to aging. Which would the nurse expect to identify when assessing this client? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Dry cerumen b. Tears in the tympanic membrane c. Difficulty hearing high pitched voices d. Decrease of hair in the auditory canal e. Overgrowth of the epithelial auditory lining
a. Dry cerumen b. Tears in the tympanic membrane c. Difficulty hearing high pitched voices d. Decrease of hair in the auditory canal -- increases e. Overgrowth of the epithelial auditory lining -- becomes thinner and drier
Which assessment findings would help the nurse support the diagnosis of the condition of orthostatic hypotension? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Fainting b. Headache c. Weakness d. Light headedness e. Shortness of breath
a. Fainting b. Headache c. Weakness d. Light headedness e. Shortness of breath
A patient care assistant has been assigned to feed your client with dysphagia. Which of the following instructions would you give the assistant? SATA a. Have the client sit at 90 degrees during all of oral intake. b. Alternate solid and liquid boluses. c. Avoid rushing the client or force feeding her. d. If facial weakness is present, place food on the impaired side of the mouth. e. Keep pulse oximeter ready at all times. f. Stroke under the chin in a downward motion.
a. Have the client sit at 90 degrees during all of oral intake. b. Alternate solid and liquid boluses. c. Avoid rushing the client or force feeding her. d. If facial weakness is present, place food on the impaired side of the mouth. e. Keep pulse oximeter ready at all times. f. Stroke under the chin in a downward motion.
As a nurse performing a functional assessment to help promote healthy aging, which of the following statements from an older client make you realize that he requires assistance? Select all that apply. a. He tells you that he is able to take a bath on his own. b. He tells you that he has bounced a couple of checks lately. c. He tells you that he loves to "putter around" in his garden. d. He tells you that he is unable to get to the grocery store because he does not have a car. e. He tells you that he is not having any problems with the stairs and feels safe at night in his upstairs bedroom. f. He tells you that he does not feel like cooking on his gas stove and that he does not feel safe with it anymore.
a. He tells you that he is able to take a bath on his own. b. He tells you that he has bounced a couple of checks lately. c. He tells you that he loves to "putter around" in his garden. d. He tells you that he is unable to get to the grocery store because he does not have a car. e. He tells you that he is not having any problems with the stairs and feels safe at night in his upstairs bedroom. f. He tells you that he does not feel like cooking on his gas stove and that he does not feel safe with it anymore.
You realize an older adult woman does not understand how to maintain healthy bones and muscles when she makes which one of the following statements? a. I participate every morning in my assisted living community's healthy activity programs b. I enjoy going to my senior center and participating in its Tai Chi program c. My spouse loves to walk every evening and encourages me to go along, but I am just too tired to do so d. I use my 2-lb weights every morning while watching my morning news shows
a. I participate every morning in my assisted living community's healthy activity programs b. I enjoy going to my senior center and participating in its Tai Chi program c. My spouse loves to walk every evening and encourages me to go along, but I am just too tired to do so d. I use my 2-lb weights every morning while watching my morning news shows
The nurse is discussing medication regime with an older client. The nurse understands more teaching is needed when the client makes what statement? a. I should not be taking the lamotrigine because I do not have seizures b. I take my buspirone daily c. My doctor prescribed trazodone to take as needed for sleep d. I should report new muscle spasms of the face and neck immediately
a. I should not be taking the lamotrigine because I do not have seizures b. I take my buspirone daily c. My doctor prescribed trazodone to take as needed for sleep d. I should report new muscle spasms of the face and neck immediately
The nurse determines that teaching to prevent constipation was effective in a client who states which of the following: a. I will drink lots of water each day b. I will avoid grain and nut products c. I will monitor my weight daily d. I will walk for 20 - 30 minutes daily
a. I will drink lots of water each day b. I will avoid grain and nut products c. I will monitor my weight daily d. I will walk for 20 - 30 minutes daily *Is one measurable? Subjective answer not appropriate... select measurable selection if going between 2 correct options!!*
The nurse is teaching a 72 year old female client about normal changes that put her at higher risk for urinary incontinence. Which statement below indicates the need for further teaching? a. I will feel like I need to go to the bathroom sooner b. My bladder is smaller than it used to be c. My kidneys make more urine now d. My bladder muscles are not as strong
a. I will feel like I need to go to the bathroom sooner b. My bladder is smaller than it used to be -- the bladder does shrink some in older adults c. My kidneys make more urine now --- as we age, the kidneys make LESS urine d. My bladder muscles are not as strong
The nurse recognizes which mental process is associated with deterioration that accompanies aging? a. Judgment b. Intelligence c. Creative thinking d. Short-term memory
a. Judgment b. Intelligence c. Creative thinking d. Short-term memory *During the aging process there is a progressive atrophy of the convolutions of the brain with a decrease in its blood supply, which may produce a tendency to become forgetful, a reduction in short-term memory, and susceptibility to personality changes. There should be little or no change in judgment. There is little or no intellectual deterioration; intelligence scores show no decline. Creativity is not affected by aging; many people remain creative until very late in life.*
A 71 year old female client taking synthroid informs the nurse that a person at the pharmacy told her that generic levothyroxine is a little cheaper, and she wants to switch to it. What is the best response by the nurse? a. Keep taking Synthroid as prescribed and discuss this with your HCP b. Your health is what is most important, and the cost of the medication is not a priority c. Levothyroxine is the generic of Synthroid, so they are exactly the same d. Levothyroxine and Synthroid are a little different, so you can never switch
a. Keep taking Synthroid as prescribed and discuss this with your HCP b. Your health is what is most important, and the cost of the medication is not a priority c. Levothyroxine is the generic of Synthroid, so they are exactly the same d. Levothyroxine and Synthroid are a little different, so you can never switch
During an assessment of an older adult, which of the following would the nurse see as a priority? a. Listening as key to an assessment b. Using the Kleinman and associates model c. Attempting to preserve helpful beliefs and practices d. Providing ongoing assistance to persons who are physically or mentally ill
a. Listening as key to an assessment b. Using the Kleinman and associates model c. Attempting to preserve helpful beliefs and practices d. Providing ongoing assistance to persons who are physically or mentally ill
As the nurse caring for an older adult client, you realize that your documentation is essential for communication from one shift to the other to ensure continuity of care. When providing documentation on your client, what would you include? Select all that apply. a. Mr. H. states that he "has not had a bowel movement in 3 days." b. Dr. M. says that Ms. C. needs digoxin 0.125 mg by mouth every day at 5 PM. c. Mrs. C. has a 3-cm laceration on her lateral anterior antecubital space. d. Mr. Q. was transported to the x-ray department at 3 PM by stretcher with oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min. The client denies any pain or shortness of breath. e. Mr. H. states that he is happy with his care and his physician. f. Mr. Q. relates that he does not understand why the pain medication you give him works and the one given by the night nurse does not.
a. Mr. H. states that he "has not had a bowel movement in 3 days." b. Dr. M. says that Ms. C. needs digoxin 0.125 mg by mouth every day at 5 PM. c. Mrs. C. has a 3-cm laceration on her lateral anterior antecubital space. d. Mr. Q. was transported to the x-ray department at 3 PM by stretcher with oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min. The client denies any pain or shortness of breath. e. Mr. H. states that he is happy with his care and his physician. f. Mr. Q. relates that he does not understand why the pain medication you give him works and the one given by the night nurse does not.
The nurse performed a geriatric depression scale assessment on a 76 year old client and suspects a positive screen for depression and suicidality. What is the priority nursing intervention? a. Notify the HCP immediately b. Document the assessment findings c. Repeat the screening on a separate day d. Ask client about current self-harming thoughts
a. Notify the HCP immediately b. Document the assessment findings c. Repeat the screening on a separate day d. Ask client about current self-harming thoughts
Which one of the following statements is not true about the dietary needs of older adults? a. Older adults need more calories because of their age and possible loss of weight. b. Recommendations may need to be modified for the older adult with illness. c. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) is a dietary plan designed to assist in the maintenance of weight and in the management of hypertension. d. MyPlate for older adults includes icons for regular physical activity.
a. Older adults need more calories because of their age and possible loss of weight. b. Recommendations may need to be modified for the older adult with illness. c. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) is a dietary plan designed to assist in the maintenance of weight and in the management of hypertension. d. MyPlate for older adults includes icons for regular physical activity.
Which action would the nurse take with the client experiencing rising blood osmolality and orthostatic hypotension? a. Restrict fluid intake. b. Auscultate the abdomen. c. Review the intake and output. d. Order an ultrasound of the kidneys
a. Restrict fluid intake. b. Auscultate the abdomen. c. Review the intake and output. d. Order an ultrasound of the kidney *The client with rising blood osmolality and orthostatic hypotension should be evaluated for fluid volume deficit that can lead to acute kidney injury, so the intake and output should be reviewed before consulting with the health care provider.*
When a client is using a hypothermia blanket to reduce fever, which finding indicates a need for a change in the treatment? a. Shivering b. Vomiting c. Dehydration d. Hypotension
a. Shivering b. Vomiting c. Dehydration d. Hypotension *Shivering should be prevented because peripheral vasoconstriction increases temperature, circulatory rate, and oxygen consumption. Hypothermia therapy does not cause vomiting, and vomiting is not an indication of a need to modify hypothermia. Dehydration is not a response to hypothermia therapy, although fever can cause dehydration if oral or parenteral fluid intake is inadequate to maintain fluid balance. Hypotension is not a response to hypothermia therapy, although hypotension can occur with dehydration if oral or parenteral fluid intake is inadequate to maintain fluid balance.*
Which physiological changes of the musculoskeletal system would the nurse associate with aging? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Slowed movement b. Cartilage degeneration c. Increased bone density d. Increased range of motion e. Increased bone prominence
a. Slowed movement b. Cartilage degeneration c. Increased bone density -- decreased d. Increased range of motion -- decreased e. Increased bone prominence
Which statement about the aging process indicates the theory of continuity? a. The aging process in individuals is genetically programmed. b. Aging individuals withdraw from customary roles. c. The accumulated damage of the aging process leads to physical changes in individuals. d. The personality of an individual remains stable and behavior becomes predictable as she or he ages.
a. The aging process in individuals is genetically programmed. -- nonstochastic theory b. Aging individuals withdraw from customary roles. -- disengagement theory c. The accumulated damage of the aging process leads to physical changes in individuals. -- stochastic d. The personality of an individual remains stable and behavior becomes predictable as she or he ages.
The nurse assesses for which client symptoms that indicate hyperthermia? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. a. Vasodilation b. Dry and flushed skin c. Pale and cyanotic skin d. Decreased capillary refill e. Decreased urinary output
a. Vasodilation b. Dry and flushed skin c. Pale and cyanotic skin d. Decreased capillary refill e. Decreased urinary output *During hyperthermia, vasodilation occurs that causes the flushed appearance of the skin; as a result, the skin may be warm to the touch. Hyperthermia causes loss of water from the body and results in dry skin and mucous membranes, decreased urinary output, and other signs of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Clients with hyperthermia may not have pale and cyanotic skin; instead, they have dry, flushed skin. Clients with hyperthermia may not have decreased capillary refill; instead, they have increased capillary refill.*
The nurse recognizes a need for further teaching when a 72 year old male client states: a. When I am driving, I have to turn my head more to see both ways since my side vision is not as sharp b. I'm a little slower these days, but I think I'm doing pretty good! c. The hair on my legs is beginning to fall out. I must have some disease d. Hearing my wife has become more difficult due to expected changes
a. When I am driving, I have to turn my head more to see both ways since my side vision is not as sharp b. I'm a little slower these days, but I think I'm doing pretty good! c. The hair on my legs is beginning to fall out. I must have some disease d. Hearing my wife has become more difficult due to expected changes
The nurse is teaching campfire safety to a group of community members and includes information about what to do if a person catches on fire. The nurse teaches the most effective method for putting out the flames. Which information from the group members indicates successful learning? a. Wrap hand with towel and slap at the flames. b. Instruct the victim to roll on the ground. c. Pour cold liquid over the flames. d. Remove the victim's burning clothes
a. Wrap hand with towel and slap at the flames. b. Instruct the victim to roll on the ground. c. Pour cold liquid over the flames. d. Remove the victim's burning clothes
An older client informs the nurse that name brand Synthroid is no longer covered by insurance and will need to start the generic. How should the nurse respond? a. You can never switch to levothyroxine b. You can change without any worries c. You will need to see your provider to switch d. Older adults should take only Synthroid
a. You can never switch to levothyroxine b. You can change without any worries c. You will need to see your provider to switch -- synthetic thyroid hormone, can throw patient levels out of whack (same w/ digoxin, warfarin/coumadin) -- also want to stick w/ same manufacturer if possible d. Older adults should take only Synthroid
You know your client has reached a state of wellness when (SATA) a. as a 91 year old, he still enjoys going out to dinner and dancing b. he bowls every week with his friends c. he still likes to go with his wife to the grocery store, although he has hip pain and uses a walker d. he continues to eat his green, leafy vegetables while taking coumadin e. he says to you " I have smoked all my life, and I am not going to stop now" f. he says "I am a devout Christian and believe that my God is with me always. I am not afraid of dying"
a. as a 91 year old, he still enjoys going out to dinner and dancing b. he bowls every week with his friends c. he still likes to go with his wife to the grocery store, although he has hip pain and uses a walker d. he continues to eat his green, leafy vegetables while taking coumadin e. he says to you " I have smoked all my life, and I am not going to stop now" f. he says "I am a devout Christian and believe that my God is with me always. I am not afraid of dying"
An older woman with low bone density complains of severe weakness, dizziness, and lethargy and is admitted to the hospital. What nursing intervention is highest priority? a. assess skin integrity b. check pulse rates c. aseptic technique d. fall precautions
a. assess skin integrity b. check pulse rates c. aseptic technique d. fall precautions
The family member of a client asks if eating things like blueberries and kale will slow aging. In formulating an appropriate response, the nurse considers which theory? a. autoimmune b. wear-and-tear c. free radical d. continuity
a. autoimmune b. wear-and-tear c. free radical d. continuity *Blueberries and kale are rich in antioxidants and can help promote healthy aging according to the free radical theory of aging*
As the nurse of an older adult, you observe signs of aging skin. You would advice your client to: SATA a. avoid all exposure to ultraviolet light b. keep his or her skin moist c. always use sunscreen d. keep well hydrated e. not worry about smoking f. not worry about purpura
a. avoid all exposure to ultraviolet light b. keep his or her skin moist c. always use sunscreen d. keep well hydrated e. not worry about smoking f. not worry about purpura
Primary prevention strategies for older adults include which of the following? SATA a. brisk walking 4-5 times per week b. wearing sunscreen regularly c. stroke rehabilitation program d. prostate screening program e. meal planning education to lower HTN f. annual influenza immunization
a. brisk walking 4-5 times per week b. wearing sunscreen regularly c. stroke rehabilitation program d. prostate screening program e. meal planning education to lower HTN f. annual influenza immunization
Healthy people 2020 has identified emerging issues and recommendations for the aging baby boomers and those in between. Which of the following are Healthy People 2020's recommendations? SATA a. coordinate care b. establish quantity measures c. research and analyze appropriate training to equip providers d. identify minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults
a. coordinate care b. establish quantity measures c. research and analyze appropriate training to equip providers d. identify minimum levels of training for people who care for older adults
Normal aging changes that would influence an older client's experience of pain would include all of the following EXCEPT a. decreased tactile sensation. b. delayed reaction time. c. degenerative spine conditions. d. increased sensitivity to pain. e. All of the above are normal aging changes that would influence an older client's experience of pain.
a. decreased tactile sensation. b. delayed reaction time. c. degenerative spine conditions. d. increased sensitivity to pain. e. All of the above are normal aging changes that would influence an older client's experience of pain.
An older adult client is active and attends college on a part-time basis. He also has a computer and researches his medications and disorders, which enables him to share his ideas with his physician and to come to a collaborative decision of care. These characteristics are an example of a. geragogy b. cognitive health c. fluid intelligence d. health literacy
a. geragogy b. cognitive health c. fluid intelligence d. health literacy
When taking care of an older adult client, you realize when assessing his pain level that all of the following considerations would apply EXCEPT a. he might not be able to express pain. b. he might be depressed. c. sedation will affect how he expresses his pain. d. you will have to take his culture into consideration. e. because he is older, he does not feel pain as much
a. he might not be able to express pain. b. he might be depressed. c. sedation will affect how he expresses his pain. d. you will have to take his culture into consideration. e. because he is older, he does not feel pain as much
In assessing an older adult, you question his cognitive skills when you notice that a. his attention span lasts as long as the project he is working on b. he is constantly checking to see whether what he did is correct c. he is able to hold a conversation with you d. he is able to name objects with which he comes in contact correctly
a. his attention span lasts as long as the project he is working on b. he is constantly checking to see whether what he did is correct c. he is able to hold a conversation with you d. he is able to name objects with which he comes in contact correctly *Logical analysis is a cognitive skill*
An older adult client has fallen in his yard, resulting in a 4-inch laceration on his forearm. As the home health nurse caring for him, you need to reassure him of all except a. if the laceration becomes pink several days after the injury, this is normal as healing has begun b. if he notices any lack of scabbing, he needs to notify the HCP c. the healing process will begin immediately d. evidence of a true skin infection in an older adult is the same as that for a younger person
a. if the laceration becomes pink several days after the injury, this is normal as healing has begun b. if he notices any lack of scabbing, he needs to notify the HCP c. the healing process will begin immediately d. evidence of a true skin infection in an older adult is the same as that for a younger person *The healing process in an older adult does not begin until 48 - 72 hours after injury*
To prevent malnutrition in older clients with dementia, all of the following would benefit your client EXCEPT a. optimal social supports. b. caloric supplements with the meals. c. providing feeding assistance. d. making refreshment stations readily available.
a. optimal social supports. b. caloric supplements with the meals. c. providing feeding assistance. d. making refreshment stations readily available. *Caloric supplements, if used, should be administered at least 1 hour before meals, or they will interfere with meal intake.*
In visiting with an older adult client in his home, you see that he has more medications left in his bottles than he should have if he were taking them as instructed. You also note that his glasses are on the side table and broken. After calling to have his glasses fixed, you discuss with your client about asking the pharmacy to... SATA a. use a larger font for the instructions on the front of the bottles to ensure that he can more easily read the instructions with his new glasses. b. use color-coded tops on the medication bottles to assist him in determining what times to take the medications or to help him determine which medications are in each bottle. c. place his medications in a daily and weekly medication pack to make it easier in determining what medications to take at what time. d. use easy-to-open cap tops on his bottles for easy opening. e. make a weekly calendar with medication pockets.
a. use a larger font for the instructions on the front of the bottles to ensure that he can more easily read the instructions with his new glasses. b. use color-coded tops on the medication bottles to assist him in determining what times to take the medications or to help him determine which medications are in each bottle. c. place his medications in a daily and weekly medication pack to make it easier in determining what medications to take at what time. d. use easy-to-open cap tops on his bottles for easy opening. e. make a weekly calendar with medication pockets.
The concept of balance, chi, and disturbances in balance that result in disharmony and illness are examples that demonstrate what type of health system? a. naturalistic b. personalistic c. western d. magic oreligious
a. naturalistic b. personalistic c. western d. magic oreligious
To help nurses grow through their own ethnocentrism, nurses must develop all of the following EXCEPT: A. Knowledge about ethnicity B. Knowledge about cultures C. Full dependence on verbal, facial, and body expressions to get their point across D. Knowledge about another culture's health belief system
A. Knowledge about ethnicity B. Knowledge about cultures C. Full dependence on verbal, facial, and body expressions to get their point across D. Knowledge about another culture's health belief system
_____ is the use of multiple medications that can increase the risk for drug interactions and increase the risk for an adverse event. a. Pharmacokinetics b. Chronopharmacology c. Pharmacodynamics d. Polypharmacy
a. Pharmacokinetics b. Chronopharmacology c. Pharmacodynamics d. Polypharmacy
A 90-year-old client has early dementia and wants to stay in her home for as long as possible. Which of the following technologies would be appropriate for this client? Select all that apply. a. Telemedicine b. SmartSoles c. Motion sensors d. QuietCare system
a. Telemedicine b. SmartSoles c. Motion sensors d. QuietCare system
An older client is experiencing acute hypoglycemia. Which of the following two nursing interventions are highest priority? a. preventing infection b. replacing fluids c. replacing glucose d. preventing injury
a. preventing infection b. replacing fluids c. replacing glucose d. preventing injury *With hypoglycemia the priorities are to increase glucose because it is a medical emergency. A person with hypoglycemia is at risk for syncope and seizures which could cause physical injury, especially in an older adult. Hypovolemia is a risk of hyperglycemia not hypoglycemia, and infection prevention is not a top priority in this situation.*
As the nurse performing and collecting assessment data, you realize that during the process of interviewing the client that a majority of the information is coming from the client's family members. This approach for collecting assessment data is known as a. self-report. b. report by proxy. c. observation. d. dual communications.
a. self-report. b. report by proxy. c. observation. d. dual communications.
As a nurse today taking care of an older adult from a different culture, you would have a refined set of skills that would include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Working with the client, not on the client B. Listening carefully to the older adult for his or her perception of the situation C. Being able to explain your perceptions clearly and nonjudgmentally D. Developing a plan of action that takes both the client's and your perspectives into account and negotiates an outcome
A. Working with the client, not on the client B. Listening carefully to the older adult for his or her perception of the situation C. Being able to explain your perceptions clearly and nonjudgmentally D. Developing a plan of action that takes both the client's and your perspectives into account and negotiates an outcome
Which factors does the nurse correctly identify as placing an older client at risk for polypharmacy? SATA a. multiple specialty HCP b. Lack of communication between HCP c. reduced ability to excrete medications d. living in a LTCF e. Having a disability
a. multiple specialty HCP b. Lack of communication between HCP c. reduced ability to excrete medications d. living in a LTCF e. Having a disability
The nurse is caring for an older client that is receiving an antipsychotic medication. When teaching the client about potential s/e, which statement by the client requires further teaching? a. my medication may make my mouth dry b. I will become intolerant to cool temperatures and cold weather c. I should report to my HCP immediately if I begin having tremors d. I should assess my temperature daily
a. my medication may make my mouth dry b. I will become intolerant to cool temperatures and cold weather c. I should report to my HCP immediately if I begin having tremors d. I should assess my temperature daily
The best gerontological nursing care is that in which a. nursing is provided in a judgmental manner. b. the goal of comfort is to lessen pain as much as possible. c. undertreatment of pain may be caused by a nurse's own definitions of pain. d. the key person in the assessment of pain is the nurse.
a. nursing is provided in a judgmental manner. b. the goal of comfort is to lessen pain as much as possible. c. undertreatment of pain may be caused by a nurse's own definitions of pain. d. the key person in the assessment of pain is the nurse.
You, as a nurse, have been working with an older adult client who is starting a new medication. Over the past 2 to 3 days, you notice that that he has become confused and lethargic, more so than in the past. You suspect that he is experiencing a. polypharmacy. b. an adverse drug reaction (ADR). c. chronopharmacology. d. misuse of drugs.
a. polypharmacy. b. an adverse drug reaction (ADR). c. chronopharmacology. d. misuse of drugs.
