Exam 1 Pretest & Learning Catalytics

A protein known as a phospholipase removes fatty acids from phospholipids. What cellular structure would be most affected by this enzyme? a. Cell membranes b. Cellulose in cell walls c. Chromosomes d. Soluble cell proteins e. Glucose in the cell

A. Cell membranes

_________ are components of phospholipids. A. Fatty acids B. Citric and maleic acids C. Amino acids D. Nucleic acids E. Acid rocks

A. Fatty acids

When carbon and hydrogen form a single bond, how many electrons in total are being shared?

2

Which functional group (at the X) would you add to the shown ethyl group to produce ethanol, which is an alcohol? (refer to sticky note image w/ #46) a. Methyl b. Amino c. Sulfhydryl Hydroxyl

D. Hydroxyl

Sedoheptulose is a seven-carbon sugar. What is its molecular formula? a. C6H12N6 b. C6H12O6 c. C7H12O6 d. C7H14H6 e. C7H14O7

E. C7H14O7

One of the principle functions of the cell wall is to ___. a. Protect the cell from osmotic lysis b. Serve as a barrier to solutes c. Function in active transport d. A and B e. All of the above

A. Protect the cell from osmotic lysis

Cellulose is: a. A storage polysaccharide found in plants b. A storage polysaccharide found in animals c. A monosaccharide used for energy in all cells d. A 5-carbon sugar which is a component of RNA e. A structural polysaccharide found in the cell wall of plants

e. A structural polysaccharide found in the cell wall of plants

Which of the following would NOT normally be found in a plasma membrane? a. Cellulose b. Transport protein c. Phospholipids d. Cholesterol e. All are found in the membrane

A. Cellulose

What functional group is -O-H? A. hydroxyl B. methyl C. amino D. sulfhydryl E. phosphate

A. Hydroxyl

This contains the vast majority of the cell's DNA A. Nucleus B. Vacuole C. Mitochondria D. Cytoskeleton E. All of these

A. Nucleus

O2 enters the human muscle cells. No energy is needed for this process and no transport proteins are required. What membrane transport process is likely involved? a. Simple diffusion b. Facilitated diffusion c. Active transport d. Endocytosis e. Phagocytosis

A. Simple diffusion

A nucleic acid was isolated from a new plague-causing virus. Analysis of this nucleic acid indicated the following base composition: 20% adenine, 30% uracil, 10% guanosine, and 40% cytosine. From this information which statement is true? a. The virus contains RNA b. The virus contains DNA c. The virus has a double stranded nucleic acid d. A and C e. B and C

A. The virus contains RNA

Bacillus anthracis cells were treated with lysozyme which destroys the cell wall. These treated cells are then placed in pure water. What would you expect to happen to these cells? a. They would swell and burst b. They would shrink c. They would swell but not burst due to their cell wall d. They would neither swell nor shrink

A. They would swell and burst

A mole of water weighs 18 grams while a mole of sucrose weighs 342 grams. Which statement is true? A. A mole of sucrose has more molecules than a mole of water B. A mole of sucrose has the same number of molecules as a mole of water C. A mole of sucrose has less molecules than a mole of water D. Miles are known for their excellent vision

B. A mole of sucrose has the same number of molecules as a mole of water

What type of bond does potassium typically form in biology? A. covalent bonds B. ionic bonds C. hydrogen bonds D. emotional bonds

B. Ionic Bonds

Is the carbon with the asterisk asymmetric? ( refer to sticky note w/#68) A. yes B. no C. only during basketball season!

B. No

Which of the following is a good description of the O-H bond in water? A. It is ionic B. It is polar covalent C. It is nonpolar covalent D. It is as strong as duct tape!

B. It is polar covalent

Cl- is an example of a(n) ___. a. Amphipathic molecule b. Cation c. Anion d. Zwitterion e. Iconoclast

C. Anion

Which if the following is an example of a carbohydrate? A. Triglyceride B. ATP C. Insulin D. Cellulose E. DNA

D. Cellulose

Which is an example of a lipid? A. Insulin B. Sucrose C. Cellulose D. Triglyceride E. ATP

D. Triglyceride

This organelle contains proteins A. Nucleus B. Vacuole C. Mitochondria D. Cytoskeleton E. All of these

E. All of these

This organelle is found in plant cells A. Nucleus B. Vacuole C. Mitochondria D. Cytoskeleton E. All of these

E. All of these

Which of the following is NOT associated with protein function? a. Transport of molecules across membranes b. Movement of an organism c. Communication between cells (hormones) d. Catalysis of chemical reactions e. All of these functions are associated with proteins

E. All of these functions are associated with proteins

It is presently thought that chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis. Which of the following observations would disprove this hypothesis? a. A plant is discovered that performed photosynthesis but has no chlorophyll b. It is found that a part of the plant that does not contain chlorophyll (like the roots) does photosynthesis. c. It is found that a part of the plant cell that does not contain chlorophyll (like the central vacuole) does photosynthesis d. Chlorophyll is removed from a plant and it is still able to do photosynthesis. e. Any of the above would disprove this hypothesis.

E. Any of the above would disprove this hypothesis.

After a "flesh wound" some of the skin fibroblast cells begin to move into the wound area. Which subcellular structure listed below is directly involved in this process of cell movement? a. Mitochondria b. Endoplasmic reticulum c. Golgi apparatus d. Lysosomes e. Cytoskeleton

E. Cytoskeleton

Is the carbon with the asterisk asymmetric? ( refer to sticky note w/ # 67) A. yes B. no C. only during leap year

Yes

Which type of linkage connect amino acids in protein? a. Beta-glycosidic linkage b. Peptide bonds c. 3'-5' phosphodiester linkage d. Carbon-Carbon double bonds e. James Bonds

b. Peptide bonds

How many bonds does hydrogen typically form in biological molecules?

1

How many bonds does sulfur normally form in biological molecules?

2

An aqueous solution has a H+ of 1* 10-9 M. What is the pH of this solution?

9

Which element is most likely to form polar covalent bonds in biological systems? a. Sodium b. Oxygen c. Hydrogen d. Carbon e. All of the above

B. Oxygen

This organelle is involved energy generation A. Nucleus B. Vacuole C. Mitochondria D. Cytoskeleton E. All of these

C. Mitochondria

Which of the following molecules is a carbohydrate? A. lactose B. cellulose C. messenger RNA D. Insulin E. trigyceride F. starch G. phospholipid

A. Lactose B. Cellulose F. Starch

Compared to 40K, the isotope 39K has A. A different atomic number B. One less neutron C. One less proton D. One less electron E. One less proton and one less electron

B. One less neutron

Which functional group is present on this molecule? (Refer to sticky note w/# 3) A. Carboxyl B. Sulfhydryl C. Hydroxyl D. Amino group E. Phosphate

D. Amino Group

Which gas was much less abundant in Earth's early atmosphere than it is now? a. N2 b. CO2 c. H2O d. O2 e. H2

D. O2

Which component is present in prokaryotic cells? A. Mitochondria B. Cytoskeleton C. Golgi apparatus D. Endoplasmic reticulum E. Ribosomes

E. Ribosomes

How many bonds does oxygen normally form in biological molecules?

2

You have a small carbohydate that has four glucoses linked together. How many oxygen atoms will be in this molecule?

21

For questions 23-26 identify the compound listed and match it to the image (refer to document) 23. This molecule is an amino acid 24. This molecule contains a fatty acid 25. This molecule is a simple sugar 26. This molecule contains an ester

23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C

How many neutrons does 13C have? The Atomic number of Carbon is 6.

7

How many neutrons does 14C have? The Atomic number of Carbon is 6.

8

What is the pH solution with [H+] = 10-4 M? A. 4 B. 40 C. 400 D. 40,000 E. 40,000,000

A. 4

Which of the following molecules is a carbohydrate? A. lactose B. cellulose C. DNA D. Insulin E. trigyceride F. glucose

A. Lactose B. Cellulose F. Glucose

An aqyueous solution has pH of 4. What is the H+ concentration? A. 1*104 M B. 1*10-4 M C. -1*104 M D. -1*10-4 M E. 40 mM

B. 1*10^-4 M

The pH of ocean water is about 8. What is the H+ concentration of the ocean? A. 1* 108 M B. 1* 10-8 M C. -8 M D. 80 mM E. 8 M F. -1*108 M G. -1*10-8 M

B. 1*10^-8 M

What functional group is highlighted? (Refer to sticky note w/#59) A. hydroxyl B. amino C. sulfhydryl D. carbonyl E. phosphate

B. Amino

Carbon atoms tend to form ___ bonds a. Ionic b. Covalent c. Hydrogen d. Extracellular e. Emotional

B. Covalent

The H+ concentration in a person's stomach might be as low as 1*10-2 M after eating a five Hongo Burrito at the Sanitary Burrito Factory (actually a fine fine restaurant). What is the pH of that person's stomach? a. 20 b. -20 c. 2 d. -2 e. 2-10

C. 2

A reaction in which ATP is cleaved allowing a second unfavorable reaction to occur is ___. a. An exergonic reaction b. An endergonic reaction c. A coupled reaction d. Thermodynamically impossible e. A gut reaction.

C. A coupled reaction

In an alpha helix, a hydrogen atom participates in a covalent bond with a nitrogen atom of one amino acid and also weakly interacts with an oxygen atom. What is this second weaker interaction called? a. A secondary bond b. An ionic bond c. A hydrogen bond d. A peptide bond e. A high-yield corporate bond

C. A hydrogen bond

Which statement(s) about ALL living things is/are true? A. All living things are capable of sight B. All living things have a nervous system C. All living things are capable of reproduction D. All of the above E. None of the above

C. All living things are capable of reproduction

Maltose is a disaccharide consisting of two glucose sugars linked together. What is its formula? a. C6H12O6 x2 b. C12H20O10 c. C12H22O11 d. C12H24O12 e. C11H22O12

C. C12H22O11

Sulfur has 6 electrons in its outer shell. It combines covalently with hydrogen to form a stable (and smelly) compound. What is the structure of this compound? A. HS B. HS2 C. H2S D. H3S2 E. H4S

C. H2S

What type of bond does chlorine typically form? A. polar covalent B. non-polar covalent C. ionic D. hydrogen type bond

C. Ionic

Which of the sequences below goes from the largest to the smallest? A. Liver cell, hemoglobin, carbon atom, cell nucleus, amino acid B. Liver cell, hemoglobin, amino acid, cell nucleus, carbon atom C. Liver cell, cell nucleus, hemoglobin, amino acid, carbon atom D. Liver cell, cell nucleus, amino acid, hemoglobin, carbon atom E. Cell nucleus, liver cell, hemoglobin, amino acid, carbon atom

C. Liver cell, cell nucleus, hemoglobin, amino acid, carbon atom

Acid rain sometimes has a pH of 5. What is the H+ concentration? A. 1*10^5 M B. 5*10^-5 M C. 5*10^-5 M D. 1*10^-5 M E. 1*5^10 M

D. 1*10^-5 M

A condensation reaction ___. a. Occurs by a removal of water b. Involves the formation of new covalent bonds c. Is involved in the synthesis of polysaccharides, proteins, and triacylglycerols. d. All of the above e. None of the above

D. All of above

Why is water cohesive? A. Water is nonpolar B. One side of the molecule is slightly positive, and the other side is slightly negative C. Water molecules participate in hydrogen bonding D. B and C are correct E. All of the above are correct

D. B and C are correct ( B. One side of the molecule is slightly positive, and the other side is slightly negative C. Water molecules participate in hydrogen bonding )

In which structure(s) below do all of the atoms have reasonable numbers of chemical bonds. (No image provide) [IGNORE THIS ONE] a. A b. B c. C d. D e. All of the above

D. D

You are trying an organism by looking at a group of its cells under the microscope. It is multicellular and the cells clearly have a cell wall. The cells have many internal organelles but no chloroplasts. To which kingdom does this organism belong? A. Monera B. Animal C. Calamari D. Fungi E. Plant

D. Fungi

K+ is transported into the cells by a protein that cleaves ATP. The concentration of K+inside the cell is greater than K+ outside the cell. What type of transport is occurring? a. Exocytosis b. Endocytosis c. Phagocytosis d. Active transport e. Simple diffusion

D. Phagocytosis

In biological molecules, nitrogenous atoms normally form ___________ bonds. A. Two ionic B. Three ionic C. Two covalent D. Three covalent E. Four covalent

D. Three covalent

What functional group is circled? ( refer to sticky note w/#61) A. hydroxyl B. amino C. carbonyl D. carboxylic acid E. phosphate

D. carboxylic acid

Sulfur and nitrogen atoms ___. a. Have different numbers of protons b. Have different numbers of valence electrons c. Form different numbers of chemical bonds d. A and B e. A, B and C

E. A, B and C

Which organelle contains proteins? A. mitochondria B. nucleus C. chloroplast D. vacuole E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Why does your instructor argue that a carrot in the market is alive? a. It is still capable of growth b. It is still metabolically active c. It is still capable of reproduction d. It can still acquire nutrients from the environment e. All of the above

E. All of the above

For questions 27-28 identify the part of the cell shown in the images. (refer to the document) a) Mitochondrion b) Endoplasmic reticulum c) Golgi apparatus d) Chloroplast e) Nucleus 27. What organelle is shown in Figure A? 28. What organelle is shown in Figure B?

27. B. Endoplasmic reticulum 28. C. Golgi apparatus

How many bonds does carbon typically form in biological molecules?

4

How many bonds does phosporus normally form in biological molecules?

5

The [OH-] concentration of a solution is 10-9 M. What is the pH?

5