exam 2

The Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act 1. outlines requirements for the safe use of dental x-ray equipment. 2. establishes guidelines for the proper maintenance of x-ray equipment. 3. requires persons who take dental images to be properly trained and certified.

1, 2, 3

The optimal temperature for non-automatic film processor developer solutions is ____degrees Farenheit.

68

The developer solution contains a preservative to prevent oxidation when the chemicals come in contact with _______________.

Air

Which of the following constitutes a person who can provide legal informed consent? An individual under the influence of drugs or alcohol An adult (over the age of 18) who is of sound mind An individual who under duress has consented to the treatment An individual who received an incomplete description of the proposed treatment

An adult (over the age of 18) who is of sound mind

How frequently should you take dental images on your patients?

Based on the patient's needs

Which type of intraoral film is best for visualizing interproximal surfaces?

Bite-wing

A panoramic radiograph is an example of an intraoral film. (2) An occlusal radiograph is an example of an extraoral film.

Both statements are false.

You have noticed that your mandibular incisors are foreshortened; how would you correct this problem?

Decrease vertical angulation.

The chemical responsible for creating the gray shades on the radiographs is?

Elon

Which of the following choices may be the cause of an unexposed film or receptor?

Failure to turn on the x-ray machine

The film emulsion is hardened during the:

Fixing

Excessive vertical angulation results in:

Foreshortening

Which of the following is the best way to show your patient that you are listening to him or her? Interrupt if the patient gets "off track." Correct the patient if he or she is wrong. Finish the patient's sentences to show that the radiographer is following the patient's train of thought. Give the patient undivided attention.

Give the patient undivided attention.

Your patient has heard a lot of stories and is apprehensive about receiving x-rays. Which of the following could you tell your patient to calm her fears?

Images are prescribed on an individual basis. We will only take the images that are needed to provide a thorough oral assessment. This will limit your radiation exposure.

You have noticed that your maxillary premolars are elongated, how would you correct this problem?

Increase vertical angulation.

Which of the following types of dental x-ray film would you place inside your patient's mouth? Intraoral film Extraoral film Duplicating film Screen film

Intraoral film

Your former patient has moved and would like his records including the original radiographs sent to his new dentist. Which of the following should you do?

Keep the original films and send the new dentist a duplicate set.

Your patient wants her original set of radiographs. She claims they are hers because she paid for them. Which of the following would be the best reply?

Legally they are the property of the dentist even though you or the insurance company pays for them.

A size 4 film packet would most likely be used to expose a (n):

Occlusal Radiograph

Which of the following statements is true of automatic film processors? All automatic film processors are capable of processing a number of different sizes of x-ray film. All automatic film processors may be used in a room with white light. Only automatic film processors with daylight loaders may be used in a room with white light. Automatic processing takes more time than manual processing.

Only automatic film processors with daylight loaders may be used in a room with white light.

All of the following will result in a processed radiograph that is too light EXCEPT? Cold solutions Reversed film Underdeveloping Overdeveloping

Overdeveloping

You take a mandibular premolar film and only the distal portion of the first premolar and all of the second premolar is visible on the processed radiograph. To avoid this error again, what correction will you make in placing the radiograph?

Place the film more anteriorly

All of the following will result in a radiograph that is blank (clear):

Placing films in the fixer first No exposure to x-rays

Which of the following types of questions must be answered only by the dentist? The need for dental images X-ray exposure Questions about diagnosis The safety of dental x-rays

Questions about diagnosis

Which of the following statements is true of dental images and the patient's dental record?

The dental record must include documentation of the number and type of dental images exposed.

Which of the following statements is true regarding dental x-ray film placement? The film is placed to the buccal of the teeth. The film is placed to the lingual of the teeth. A periapical film is an extraoral film. A bite-wing film is an extraoral film.

The film is placed to the lingual of the teeth.

Which of the following statements is true of automatic processing?

The film is transported directly from the developer solution into the fixer without a rinsing step.

What is the cause of a double exposure?

The film was exposed in the patient's mouth twice

When a patient refuses dental images the dentist has deemed are necessary for treatment planning, the dentist should refuse to treat the patient; however, the patient could sign a release form that would allow the dentist to continue with the patient's treatment.

The first part of the statement is true; the second part of the statement is false.

A panoramic radiograph can be substituted for a complete series of dental images. A panoramic radiograph does not clearly reveal changes in teeth, such as tooth decay, or the details of the supporting bone.

The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Developer chemicals contain a preservative that prevents the chemicals from oxidizing when exposed to air. (2) Sodium carbonate is the preservative used in developer solutions.

The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

When you are placing the film packet in your patient's mouth, which side of the film packet would you place toward the patient's teeth?

The solid white side

Beam alignment devices (XCP) are considered semi-critical items used in dental imaging and are heat sterilized: the protective (lead) apron doesn't need to be cleaned and disinfected between patients if contaminated.

The statement is true; the reason is false.

Why would you use the identification dot when taking radiographs?

To determine film orientation

What is the purpose of the lead foil sheet found within the film packet?

To shield the film from secondary backscattered radiation

All of the following contribute to film fogging EXCEPT: Using D speed film Improper safelighting Exhausted processing solution chemistry Stray radiation

Using D speed film

Conventional film is best stored in an area that is:

cool and dry

Decisions about the number, type, and frequency of dental images are determined by the _____________ based on the patient's individual needs.

dentist

The first The first step in manual film processing is:

development

To avoid overlapped contacts on a periapical image,

direct the x-ray beam through the interproximal regions.

The film emulsion is composed of a homogenous mixture of

gelatin and silver halide crystals

The black shades and the distinct contrast of the radiographic image are created by _______________ in the developer solution.

hydroquinone

To prevent a dropped receptor corner,

make certain the edge of the receptor is placed parallel to the incisal-occlusal surfaces of the teeth

Your left premolar bite-wing image is lighter than the rest of the images and has a herringbone pattern. What can you do to prevent this problem from occurring? When the film is reversed,

make sure the film side is facing the PID.

If you take dental images on your patient before getting his informed consent, your patient can legally claim

malpractice or negligence.

A patient with caries will require less frequent dental imaging examinations than a patient without such disease. less frequent dental imaging examinations than a patient without such disease if pocket depth readings are regularly recorded. dental imaging examinations at regular intervals regardless of circumstances. more frequent dental imaging examinations than a patient without such disease.

more frequent dental imaging examinations than a patient without such disease.

If the patient is a minor, informed consent

must be obtained from a legal guardian

Your patient is 6 months pregnant. According to the " Guidelines for Prescribing Dental Radiographs," you should

not alter treatment; take needed images.

The appearance of a patient's finger on the image is called a

phalangioma

Original dental images are the property of

the dentist.

The frequency for taking images on your pediatric patients should be based on

the individual needs of the child.

The latent image is:

the invisible image captured on the radiographic film after exposure and made visible only through the chemistry of processing

To correct a dental image where apices do not appear,

the teeth being imaged must be firmly in contact with the bite-block.

Short teeth with blunted roots appear on the image when

the vertical angulation is excessive.

Long, distorted teeth appear on the image when

the vertical angulation is insufficient.

To answer questions about the necessity of dental images, tell the patient they are an option, not a necessity. there are many diseases and conditions that cannot be detected simply by looking into the mouth. all diseases and conditions produce signs and symptoms that render dental images unnecessary. tooth decay, gum disease, cysts, and tumors all can be detected eventually simply by looking in the mouth.

there are many diseases and conditions that cannot be detected simply by looking into the mouth

Blurred images appear on the dental image when

there is patient movement.

Good verbal communication skills for dental radiographers involve

using effective verbal and non verbal messages and undivided attention

Your new patient has asked if you could use the images from his previous dentist. You should tell your patient that

you can accept the image if they were taken recently and are of acceptable quality.