Exam 3 Ch6 History

Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom

A Virginia law, drafted by Thomas Jefferson in 1777 and enacted in 1786, that guarantees freedom of, and from, religion

Lemuel Haynes

A black member of the Massachusetts militia and celebrated minister who urged that Americans extend their conception of freedom to enslaved Africans during the Revolutionary Era.

Free Black

African-American persons not held in slavery; immediately before the Civil War, there were nearly a half million in the United States, split almost evenly between North and South

What were some ways that African-Americans attempted to secure freedom during the Revolutionary period?

African-Americans attempted to pass as freeborn blacks. African-Americans created and presented freedom petitions. African-Americans used the legal system and sued in court for freedom.

In many aspects, the Revolution was a conflict about defining region and space, clearly delineating old and new borders. Identify the statements that describe how the Revolution was also a borderlands conflict where space, culture, and identity met.

Although Canada defined itself in opposition to the United States, goods and ideas flowed easily across the border. The Revolution created an international border between the United States and Quebec. The patriots stayed on one side and the Loyalists on the other.

Freedom Petitions

Arguments for liberty presented to New England's courts and legislatures in the early 1770s by enslaved African-Americans.

Identify the factors that contributed to inflation during and immediately after the Revolutionary War.

Basic commodities were often hoarded by Americans during the war. The printing and distribution of paper currency by Congress contributed to inflation.

Loyalists

Colonists who remained loyal to Great Britain during the War of Independence.

Identify the statements that characterize the principles of Christian Republicanism.

It viewed the American Revolution as being the result of God's desire. It held that personal virtue was central to the creation of a healthy society.

Identify the statements that describe Loyalists in the American South.

Loyalists were joined by numerous slaves in their siding with the crown. In the American South, divisions between Loyalists and patriots tended to take on a class-based dynamic.

Identify the statements that describe the experiences of African-American slaves after the American Revolution.

Many ex-slaves began life anew as free persons in Nova Scotia and England. The British ultimately compensated many American slaveowners for the loss of their property.

Identify the statements that describe why indentured servitude declined after the American Revolution.

Many indentured servants fled their masters amid the instability of the war. There were more wage workers in post-Revolutionary America. The concept of servitude ran counter to the ideals of republican citizenship.

Identify how requirements for voting and officeholding changed after the Revolution.

New constitutions moved toward voting as an entitlement, not a privilege for only those who owned land or paid taxes. Because of the addition of new legislative seats, men who did not own significant amounts of property were able to assume office. Southern states minimized any postwar changes to property and requirements so as to preserve the landed gentry's control over political affairs.

Identify the states that had the longest tradition of religious toleration.

Pennsylvania Rhode Island

Coverture

Principle in English and American law that a married woman lost her legal identity, which became "covered" by that of her husband, who therefore controlled her person and the family's economic resources.

Identify the statements that describe the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom.

Religious requirements for voting were banned. Compulsory belief in religion enforced by the state was eliminated.

Republic

Representative political system in which citizens govern themselves by electing representatives, or legislators, to make key decisions on the citizens' behalf

Abolition

Social movement of the pre-Civil War era that advocated the immediate emancipation of the slaves and their incorporation into American society as equal citizens.

Identify the statements that describe the ideas Adam Smith expressed in The Wealth of Nations.

The "invisible hand" was an organic governing principle that maintained economic stability. The natural laws of supply and demand should regulate market prices.

The Wealth of Nations

The 1776 work by economist Adam Smith that argued that the "invisible hand" of the free market directed economic life more effectively and fairly than governmental intervention.

Joseph Brant

The Mohawk leader who led the Iroquois against the Americans in the Revolutionary War.

Free Trade

The belief that economic development arises from the exchange of goods between different countries without governmental interference

Republican Motherhood

The ideology that emerged as a result of American independence where women played an indispensable role by training future citizens.

Suffrage

The right to vote

How did the Revolution affect religious freedom?

There was a clear separation of church and state. It expanded religious freedom, with some states passing laws for religious tolerance. The Constitution didn't include any religious requirements for voting or holding office.

Identify the statements that describe free black communities in the post-Revolution period.

They challenged the logic and consistency of slavery in a democratic republic. They offered aid and comfort to escaping slaves

Identify the statements that describe how women contributed to the Revolutionary movement.

They engaged in fund-raising for the patriot cause. They worked as spies.

Identity the statements that describe the Loyalists in colonial America in general.

They took up arms in defense of the empire against the Revolution. They came from all classes of American life.

During the Revolutionary War, Loyalists were a minority among the colonists. Identify the statements that describe the treatment of Loyalists after the Revolution.

They were temporarily denied the right to vote. Their speech rights were suppressed.

Inflation

an economic condition in which prices rise continuously