Exam 3 practice test Cultural Psychology

Traditional societies share at least one similarity with the modern practice of scientific medicine, specifically,

A class of people who are primarily responsible for treating illnesses

According to the secularization theory, which of the following findings seem the likeliest?

A decline in the use of the ethic of divinity to determine morality.

Which of the following examples best illustrates culture-gene coevolution?

A population began farming a healthier strain of rice, but it contains a mild toxin. This led the population to develop a genetic mutation that allows people to safely digest the toxin.

The relationship between income and health can be summarized as follows:

Absolute income predicts health outcomes for low levels of income, whereas income relative to those around one predicts health outcomes for high levels of income.

Research discussed in the textbook reveals that relation between socioeconomic status and health is explained by...?

Cognitive deficits, Education levels, Relative deprivation for income, Levels of stress.

Disorders found only in particular cultures are known as

Culture-bound syndromes

Daniel, who is Jewish, and Patrick, who is Protestant, notice a girl at a convenience store staring longingly at a bag of candy, as if she is thinking of stealing it. She holds the bag of candy for a moment and looks like she's about to make a run for the exit. What are Daniel and Patrick likely to think about this incident?

Daniel is more likely than Patrick to think that the girl has not done anything wrong if she only thought about stealing and has not actually stolen anything.

Wich of the following statements about social anxiety disorder is true?

East Asians score higher than North Americans on trait measures of social anxiety.

Patients with Schizophrenia living in less-developed societies should move to more developed societies if they want to have the best prognosis. Is this true or false?

False: The prognosis for schizophrenia id better in less-developed societies than in more developed societies

Taijin Kyofusho includes a number of social concerns. Some of these concerns are infrequently reported outside of Japan, including

Fear that one's body odor is offensive to others.

What is the best explanation for why European Americans have better health outcomes than African Americans for most diseases?

Fewer discrimination experiences for European Americans than African Americans

Which of the following is immoral according to the ethic of community?

Jack disobeys his father's commands.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison between Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Anorexia Nervosa (AN)?

The age at which people first develop these disorders has decreased over recent years

Molly and Marvin live in two different societies and they both want to eat some nuts. Based on Rozin and colleagues research on portion size, what is the best predictor of how much they will eat?

The average size of the nut packages sold in local stores

Shweder believed that Kohlberg's model of moral development was relevant to which code of ethics?

The ethic of autonomy

A bus driver is on her typical route with a busload of passengers when it begins to rain. The rain is so heavy that the route becomes more dangerous, and she needs to drive very slowly to make sure she can see the road. She considers turning back to the bus station so that she can park her bus and at least try to get back home herself safely. However, she decides to keep driving on her route because she feels responsible to get her passengers to their destinations. What code of ethics is the bus driver exemplifying?

The ethic of community

Confucian scholars in 17th-century Korea were concerned about Catholic converts teaching Koreans to not respect their ancestors, thus ignoring their obligations as dictated by the laws of nature. This way of thinking indicates concerns born out of what code of ethics?

The ethic of divinity

Dr. House is a medical doctor in the US. He is giving a seminar on health-related behaviors both to doctors from other countries and ordinary American citizens. Which group is most likely to agree with Dr. House?

The ordinary American citizens

Taijin Kyofusho

a form of social anxiety common in Japan involving a fear of offending or embarrassing others with one's odor, eye contact, or appearance.

As a Naikan practitioner, you want to raise the popularity of your therapeutic approach by teaching others about it. In your lectures to others, you are most likely to say,

a) "It is important that clients see how much kindness they have received from those around them."

unipolar depression

depression without a history of mania

Which of the following is an example of a culture bound syndrome ?

hysterial

Ataque de nervios ("attack of nerves")

latin america - similar to panic disorder, but may include symptoms like aggression/screaming and suicidal impulses

Koro is manifested by a

male who is deathly afraid that his penis is shrinking into his body.

While traveling in China, a businessman contemplated whether to circumvent China's "Great Firewall" to access censored websites such as Facebook and YouTube. Which of the following reasons would he use to make the decision, based on Kohlberg's pre-conventional moral reasoning?

"I will try to circumvent the 'Great Firewall' because there is no way that I will get caught."

As a Morita therapy practitioner, you want to raise the popularity of your therapeutic approach by teaching others about it. In your lectures to others, you are most likely to say,

"It is important that clients see their symptoms as an important part of their own existence."

Which of the following beliefs is most consistent with Weber's theory on Protestantism and Capitalism?

God wants me to take my work seriously.

Which of the following is an example of a culture-bound syndrome?

Hysteria

Which of the following beliefs would be unusual for a practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine?

Illnesses are often caused by witchcraft.

Sara believes it is possible to objectively determine whether some cultures are morally superior to others. What is the strongest reason why Sara's view might be considered problematic?

It is difficult to determine the appropriate standards with which to objectively compare the morality of different cultures.

Which of the statements best characterizes ataques de nervios?

It is especially common after an experience of violence

What is an example of the "epidemiological paradox"?

Immigrants to the US from certain countries (e.g., Mexico) can have lower SES than locally born people but still have better health.

Janice knocks over Brad's cup of water all over his book by accident, and now Brad is furious that his book is sopping wet. Janice doesn't think Brad should feel very upset because she didn't knock over his cup on purpose, but Brad insists that he has every right to be upset with Janice, whether she meant to do it or not. Which of the following is true about Brad's response?

In Western societies, Brad would be encouraged to feel less upset because Janice did not intend to make his book wet.

On planet X, some areas receive very little ultraviolet radiation (UVR). What skin color would you expect the people of Planet X to have if they live in those areas?

Light unless their diet contains a lot of vitamin D.

Your textbook argues that depression is culturally universal. What aspects of this disorder are known to be universal?

Many symptoms of depression are reported worldwide

Corinne believes it would be immoral for a brother and sister to kiss intimately if their relationship caused harm to anyone. This is an example of what?

Pre-Conventional moral reasoning. Level 1

What is one distinction between predestination and calling?

Predestination refers to something after death. Calling refers to something before death.

Considering the cross-cultural prevalence for unipolar depression and bipolar disorder, the rate are...

More variable across cultures for unipolar depression

You are a therapist who is hoping to treat a patient by asking him to understand his own past, to accept that his past is a part of him, and to learn to feel gratitude and guilt toward those around him. What type of treatment is this?

Naikan therapy

Research on obesity rates and genetically based skin color illustrates different types of biological change because...?

Obesity rates demonstrate an evoked cultural response, but genetically based skin does not.

Which of the following was a central belief that grew from the Protestant Reformation?

People must work hard at their callings.

According to research on political identity and morality, which of the following is true in North America?

People who are very conservative have less variability in their endorsement of different ethics compared to people who are very liberal.

Research has shown that which religious tradition emphasizes morality in thoughts and behaviors?

Protestantism

The fact that people who move to New York City are at increased risk of heart disease is an example of what?

Proximal cause

Which of the following people may have particularly bad health outcomes?

Ronaldo, who is low SES but lives in a high-SES neighborhood

Koro is a form of mental illness specific to:

Southeast Asia