exam 3 study guide

Robert Williams developed the first culturally specific projective test designed to reflect the everyday life experiences of African Americans. This is known as the

C-TCB

Which of the following describes sleep apnea?

Disorder characterized by pauses in breathing that last at least ten seconds during sleep.

Cooper had a misunderstanding with a co-worker at the Megaplex. That night he dreamt about getting in a fight with him. Which theory of dreaming does that support?

Dreaming serves to discharge emotional arousals that haven't been expressed during the day.

The early trait theorist, ________, found 4,500 words to describe people and then organized these into different trait categories.

Gordon Allport

Which Neo-Freudian disagreed with Freud's notion of penis envy?

Horney

Rita finds her roommate, McKenzie, asleep on the couch when she gets home. She's amused to see that McKenzie's eyes seem to be moving around under her eyelids. She is in which stage of sleep?

REM

The first comprehensive theory of personality focused on unconscious drives and childhood experiences. It was developed by ________.

Sigmund Freud

Personality tests can be checked for validity, meaning they test what they are supposed to test, in a variety of ways. Which is an example of convergent validity?

The test results in similar scores with other personality tests of similar traits.

What does blindsight reveal about unconsciousness?

Vision can still take place in secondary visual pathways below the level of consciousness.

The pituitary gland secretes ________ during sleep, which aids in maturation.

a growth hormone

________ is considered a depressant because it suppresses central nervous activity.

alcohol

Stage 1 sleep is characterized by ________ waves.

alpha

Jordan got in a car accident and blamed it all on his mom for making him hurry home and the other driver for not pressing on their brakes sooner. Julian Rotter would say that Jordan has ________.

an external locus of control

Individual differences in circadian rhythms are known as a person's

chronotype

According to Carl Rogers, we find ________ when our thoughts about our real self and ideal self are very similar.

congruence

Alcohol and barbiturates are examples of

depressants

The belief that sleep is essential to restore resources that are expended during the day is consistent with ________ theories about sleep.

evolutionary

________ is the major opioid drug of abuse.

heroin

According to the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, ________ twins have very similar personalities when ________.

identical; together or apart

People who live in ________ cultures tend to believe that independence, competition, and personal achievement are important

individualist

When internal circadian cycles do not align with the environment, the result is known as

jet lag

John ate something at a party and afterwards saw bright colors on the wall and had a strange sensation that he had turned into an ant and that the people around him were huge. John probably consumed

marijuana

Stimulants include

nicotine and cocaine.

As humans develop from nursing babies, potty-training toddlers, and eventually into adults, Freud claims they pass through several psychosexual stages. Which is the correct order of stages proposed by Freud?

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

If Regina has a high score in extroversion and a low score in conscientiousness on the Big 5 personality test, she is likely to be

outgoing and disorganized.

The ________ gland in the endocrine system is important in releasing ________, which helps regulate biological rhythms.

pineal; melatonin

After Stephen was rejected by the admissions office at Yale, he claimed that he wouldn't enjoy such a large school anyway. This is an example of which defense mechanism?

rationalization

Keesha finds it helpful to unwind at the end of the day by practicing meditation. This is defined as

the act of focusing on a single target to increase awareness of the moment.

Freud's psychodynamic theory of personality focused on topics like

unconscious forces and childhood.

A person with substance abuse disorder would be diagnosed with which of the following?

using more of a drug than they want to, compulsive drug use, and dependence despite negative consequences