Nutrition Module 1.2-1.3 Questions

Vitamins - kilocalories per gram

0 kcal/g

It is better to obtain nutrients from foods rather than supplements because:

1. Nutrients from foods can be more available 2. Foods naturally contain beneficial combinations of nutrients and phytochemicals 3. Food contains a wider variety of phytochemicals than supplements

Carb - kilocalories per gram

4 kcal/g

Alcohol - kilocalories per gram

7 kcal/g

Unsafe doses of vitamins or minerals ...

Are more unlikely to occur with dietary supplements than with foods

Foods are bad for you if they contain ...

Bacteria and viruses

Q. What are considered macronutrients?

Carbs, fats, and proteins

Q. What are considered organic nutrients?

Carbs, lipids, vitamins, and proteins

Q. What are the classes of nutrients?

Carbs, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water

_____ require the nutrients in food to perform their metabolic activities

Cells

Specific nutrients ____ _____ health problems that are unrelated to nutrient deficiencies

Don't cure

In order to obtain nutrients and phytochemicals in your diet, you should ...

Eat a variety of whole and minimally processed foods

Pastries, sugar-sweetened beverages, snack chips, and candies may be considered ...

Empty calorie foods

Q. What are major classes of essential nutrients?

Fats and water

Many phytochemicals function as antioxidants protecting body cells from the effects of ...

Free radicals

What components may be found in a dietary supplement?

Herbs, vitamins, amino acids

The amount of energy in food is reported as ....

Kilocalories

______ are needed by our body in relatively large amounts on a daily basis

Macronutrients

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells describes ________

Metabolism

_________ are needed in very small amounts for the body to function properly

Micronutrients

2 measurements that are used to express the amount of vitamins/ minerals in a serving of food

Milligrams (mg) and Micrograms (mcg)

Q. What is involved in the regulation of fluid balance?

Minerals

Some energy-dense foods may also be ...

Nutrient-dense

You need ________ from foods for your body to function

Nutrients

____ are both nutrient-dense and energy-dense

Nuts

The processing of plant foods ...

Often removes some of the nutrients from the food

Nutrients that have carbon in their chemical structures are called _______

Organic nutrients

Select populations that are particularly at risk of malnutrition:

People addicted to drugs/alcohol, people with eating disorders, people with low income

________ such as caffeine are nonnutrients made my plants that may have health benefits

Phytochemicals

Protein function

Production of structural and functional components

Q. Which two nutrients provide the same amount of energy per gram?

Protein and carbs

Water function

Regulation of body temp

Carbohydrate function

Source of energy

When a diet is individualized to meet a person's nutrient needs ...

The diet is designed with consideration of their food preferences

Q. What is involved in the maintenance of immune function?

Vitamins

Q. What are micronutrients?

Vitamins and minerals

____ is the most essential nutrient

Water

Fat - kilocalories per gram

9 kcal/g

"Empty calorie" refers to foods that contain large amounts of calories from ...

Added sugars, alcohol, and unhealthy fats

Treatment for a deficiency disease requires ...

Adding the missing essential nutrient to the diet

_______ are substances that prevent cell damage

Antioxidants

Foods that are nutrient-dense

Broccoli and whole-grain cereal

________ describes the energy value of a food in relation to the food's weight

Energy-density

A nutrient that cannot be made by the body and must be supplies by food is ....

Essential

Nutrients that provide energy to cells:

Fats and carbs

_______ ______ are typically manufactured to boost nutrient intakes or help manage specific health problems

Functional foods

When wheat is refined to form white flour, nutrients are lost when which 2 parts of the wheat kernel are removed?

Germ and bran

______ would be considered an energy-dense food

Glazed doughnuts

Compared to a man's body, a women's body contains ....

Less water and protein, and more fat

Both overnutrition and undernutrition are examples of ...

Malnutrition

The state of health the occurs when the body is improperly nourished is called ...

Malnutrition

____ ______ and _____ can help ensure nutritional adequacy in a diet

Moderation, variety, and balance

Lipid function

Necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

________ describes a food/beverage that supplies a large amount of beneficial nutrients (vitamins/minerals) in relation to its energy value

Nutrient-dense

Life-sustaining chemicals found in foods are called _______

Nutrients

________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients

Nutrition

Anthocyanins, capsaicin, sulfur compounds, and caffeine are all examples of ...

Phytochemicals

When compared to plant foods, nutrient supplements don't contain a wide variety of ...

Phytochemicals

Q. What are examples of nonnutrients?

Phytochemicals and alcohol

What describes a key concept regarding healthy diets?

Since no naturally occurring food contains all nutrients in amounts your body needs, variety is important

You can develop health problems by ...

Taking high doses of dietary supplements containing vitamins and minerals

Some Americans consume a nutritionally poor diet because ...

They lack nutrition knowledge

Infants, children, pregnant women, and elderly adults often need nutrient supplements ...

To increase their nutrient intake

Q. Which two nutrients don't provide energy for the body?

Vitamins and minerals

What describes a situation in which malnutrition can occur?

When people consume nutritionally poor diets

Largest to smallest

kilo - (k), centi - (c), milli - (m), micro - (mc)