Nutrition Module 1.2-1.3 Questions
Vitamins - kilocalories per gram
0 kcal/g
It is better to obtain nutrients from foods rather than supplements because:
1. Nutrients from foods can be more available 2. Foods naturally contain beneficial combinations of nutrients and phytochemicals 3. Food contains a wider variety of phytochemicals than supplements
Carb - kilocalories per gram
4 kcal/g
Alcohol - kilocalories per gram
7 kcal/g
Unsafe doses of vitamins or minerals ...
Are more unlikely to occur with dietary supplements than with foods
Foods are bad for you if they contain ...
Bacteria and viruses
Q. What are considered macronutrients?
Carbs, fats, and proteins
Q. What are considered organic nutrients?
Carbs, lipids, vitamins, and proteins
Q. What are the classes of nutrients?
Carbs, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water
_____ require the nutrients in food to perform their metabolic activities
Cells
Specific nutrients ____ _____ health problems that are unrelated to nutrient deficiencies
Don't cure
In order to obtain nutrients and phytochemicals in your diet, you should ...
Eat a variety of whole and minimally processed foods
Pastries, sugar-sweetened beverages, snack chips, and candies may be considered ...
Empty calorie foods
Q. What are major classes of essential nutrients?
Fats and water
Many phytochemicals function as antioxidants protecting body cells from the effects of ...
Free radicals
What components may be found in a dietary supplement?
Herbs, vitamins, amino acids
The amount of energy in food is reported as ....
Kilocalories
______ are needed by our body in relatively large amounts on a daily basis
Macronutrients
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells describes ________
Metabolism
_________ are needed in very small amounts for the body to function properly
Micronutrients
2 measurements that are used to express the amount of vitamins/ minerals in a serving of food
Milligrams (mg) and Micrograms (mcg)
Q. What is involved in the regulation of fluid balance?
Minerals
Some energy-dense foods may also be ...
Nutrient-dense
You need ________ from foods for your body to function
Nutrients
____ are both nutrient-dense and energy-dense
Nuts
The processing of plant foods ...
Often removes some of the nutrients from the food
Nutrients that have carbon in their chemical structures are called _______
Organic nutrients
Select populations that are particularly at risk of malnutrition:
People addicted to drugs/alcohol, people with eating disorders, people with low income
________ such as caffeine are nonnutrients made my plants that may have health benefits
Phytochemicals
Protein function
Production of structural and functional components
Q. Which two nutrients provide the same amount of energy per gram?
Protein and carbs
Water function
Regulation of body temp
Carbohydrate function
Source of energy
When a diet is individualized to meet a person's nutrient needs ...
The diet is designed with consideration of their food preferences
Q. What is involved in the maintenance of immune function?
Vitamins
Q. What are micronutrients?
Vitamins and minerals
____ is the most essential nutrient
Water
Fat - kilocalories per gram
9 kcal/g
"Empty calorie" refers to foods that contain large amounts of calories from ...
Added sugars, alcohol, and unhealthy fats
Treatment for a deficiency disease requires ...
Adding the missing essential nutrient to the diet
_______ are substances that prevent cell damage
Antioxidants
Foods that are nutrient-dense
Broccoli and whole-grain cereal
________ describes the energy value of a food in relation to the food's weight
Energy-density
A nutrient that cannot be made by the body and must be supplies by food is ....
Essential
Nutrients that provide energy to cells:
Fats and carbs
_______ ______ are typically manufactured to boost nutrient intakes or help manage specific health problems
Functional foods
When wheat is refined to form white flour, nutrients are lost when which 2 parts of the wheat kernel are removed?
Germ and bran
______ would be considered an energy-dense food
Glazed doughnuts
Compared to a man's body, a women's body contains ....
Less water and protein, and more fat
Both overnutrition and undernutrition are examples of ...
Malnutrition
The state of health the occurs when the body is improperly nourished is called ...
Malnutrition
____ ______ and _____ can help ensure nutritional adequacy in a diet
Moderation, variety, and balance
Lipid function
Necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
________ describes a food/beverage that supplies a large amount of beneficial nutrients (vitamins/minerals) in relation to its energy value
Nutrient-dense
Life-sustaining chemicals found in foods are called _______
Nutrients
________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients
Nutrition
Anthocyanins, capsaicin, sulfur compounds, and caffeine are all examples of ...
Phytochemicals
When compared to plant foods, nutrient supplements don't contain a wide variety of ...
Phytochemicals
Q. What are examples of nonnutrients?
Phytochemicals and alcohol
What describes a key concept regarding healthy diets?
Since no naturally occurring food contains all nutrients in amounts your body needs, variety is important
You can develop health problems by ...
Taking high doses of dietary supplements containing vitamins and minerals
Some Americans consume a nutritionally poor diet because ...
They lack nutrition knowledge
Infants, children, pregnant women, and elderly adults often need nutrient supplements ...
To increase their nutrient intake
Q. Which two nutrients don't provide energy for the body?
Vitamins and minerals
What describes a situation in which malnutrition can occur?
When people consume nutritionally poor diets
Largest to smallest
kilo - (k), centi - (c), milli - (m), micro - (mc)