exam 4
Which of the following is not one of the core constructs of the culture-centered approach?
Agency culture structure NOT: environment
The Belmont Report lists three ethical principles and discusses the application of those principles in research. Which of the following applications applies to beneficence?
Analyzing the risks and benefits of the research
The Belmont Report lists three ethical principles and discusses the application of those principles in research. Which of the following applications applies to justice?
Recruiting an appropriate subject sample
____________________ is defined as "fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results" (PHS, 2005, Sec. 93.103).
Research misconduct
Which of Beauchamp and Childress' (2001) moral principles means prioritizing a person's right to make their own decisions when agreeing to or refusing medical treatment or participation in a research study?
Respect for autonomy
Chris has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. He was planning to disclose the diagnosis to his college professors on the first day of class. But before Chris could, his roommate told him that he shouldn't be telling people about the diagnosis unless absolutely necessary. The roommate said that other people would act negatively if they knew. What type of microaggression did Chris' roommate commit?
Shaming
Culturalism can occur when clinicians attribute a patient's healthcare-related behaviors to less acceptable cultural customs and traditions instead of to influences from larger systemic forces.
TRUE
Eurocentrism is an attitude, conceptual apparatus, or set of empirical beliefs that frame Europe as the primary engine and architect of world history, the bearer of universal values and reason, and the pinnacle—and therefore model—of progress and development.
TRUE
Medical interpreters can act as culture brokers in that they may draw on their unique knowledge of the patient's culture to situate the healthcare provider's message within the patient's cultural context.
TRUE
The use of video conferencing for translation services is growing and showing promise.
TRUE
Culture-centered approach (C. centered theory )
process of creating comm. spacces and sites in which marginalized communitits can cocreate theoretical frameworks and have them be heard and develop solutions based on these frameworks
deficit model of cult. differences (C. Centered theory)
process of culturalism occurs when hc providers attribute patients hc related bh such as adherence habits to less acceptable cult. customs and traditions instead of to influecne from larger systemic forces
You're watching TV and see an ad that shows a woman shopping in a farmers market. She's happy, buying lots of fresh produce and flowers. Back at home, she puts away the produce and arranges the flowers in a vase. At the end of the ad, you see "Allegra" appear on screen. Which type of DTCA ad did you just see?
reminder
____________________ is defined as "fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results" (PHS, 2005, Sec. 93.103).
research misconduct
Regarding mental health, research shows that Instagram use is correlated with all of the following EXCEPT:
social expectations
___________ results from having a "discrediting characteristic" that is different from what society considers normal in terms of physical characteristics, personality traits, or group membership.
stigma
Taking a cultural sensitivity approach entails less emphasis on ________ and more emphasis on ________.
surface structures; deep structures
Which medical interpreter role acts as a conduit of information between the provider and the patient?
translator
Although most physicians believe that pharmaceutical sales representatives do not influence their prescribing behavior, research shows they actually do. true or false
true
Any institution receiving Public Health Service funding is required to have an institutional review board (IRB). True False
true
Community-based participatory research strategies can help to improve clinical trial recruitment among members of historically marginalized communities. true or false
true
For years, Meta, the parent company of Instagram, hid evidence that Instagram use was harming the mental health of its users, particularly around perceptions of body image and among girls.
true
Research shows that communication plays a key role in the successful navigation of medical mistakes and, in turn, reduction in malpractice claims. True False
true
Research shows that communication plays a key role in the successful navigation of medical mistakes and, in turn, reduction in malpractice claims. true or false
true
Self-help apps have some support in the research as effective tools for helping treat mental health.
true
In news reporting, researchers have found ___________ to be the most frequently covered topic related to mental illness.
violence
domains of the PEN-3 model?
Cultural identity Cultural empowerment Relationships and expectations NOT: Environmental constraints
4 cultural centered theories:
Cultural sensitivity culture-centered appraoch deficit model of cultural differences PEN-3 Model
In an experiment manipulating the tone of content on Facebook newsfeeds, researchers showed that positive content can positively impact user mood and negative content can negatively impact user mood. This finding demonstrates which effect occurring on social media platforms?
Emotional contagion
Culture and language do not have an impact on beliefs surrounding health, healing, and wellness.
FALSE
The P-E-N of the PEN-3 model stands for perception, experience, and nurtured. True False
FALSE: perception empowerment neighborhood
Globally, which of the following is the most common category of mental illness disorders?
anxiety and depressevide
In the U.S., there are no health disparities affiliated with mental health.
false
Mental illness is diagnosed and treated the same in all cultures.
false
There are no available recommendations for responsible news reporting on mental illness.
false
On average, what percent of Americans will experience a mental illness?
20%
In 2016, researchers at Johns Hopkins found that medical mistakes were the _________ leading cause of death in the United States.
3rd
Which of Beauchamp and Childress' (2001) moral principles means to act in a patient's, a research participant's, or society's best interests?
Beneficence
Joe works in the HR department of New Amsterdam hospital. He is bilingual, speaking English and Japanese. Whenever a Japanese-speaking patient is in the clinic, providers ask him to do the translating. During these exchanges, what type of interpreter is Joe?
Bilingual provider
Since purchasing an online app to learn to speak French, Dr. Troy no longer requests a translator for his French-speaking patients, choosing to do the translating himself. During these exchanges, what type of interpreter is Dr. Troy?
Bilingual provider
In which role might medical interpreters seek to improve the healthcare interaction through strategies of asking the patient questions without prompting from the provider, asking follow-up questions, editing patient responses, and even examining the patient?
Co-diagnostician
Dr. Moden is trying to decide whether he should disclose the genetic test results from one of his adult patients to their parent. Which moral principle is Dr. Moden navigating?
Confidentiality
The culture-centered approach is the process of ___________________.
Creating communicative spaces and sites in which marginalized communities can co-create their theoretical frameworks, have these frameworks be heard in ways that matter, and develop solutions based on this framework
Dr. Bilden is attending a training in Europe. The training is centered around a set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system or agency, or among professionals, that enables effective work in cross-cultural situations. What is this training on?
Cultural competency
Dr. Fribs recently joined the Board of Directors for a new medical device company. Given the financial compensation she receives for being on the board, she is not sure whether it is ethical for her to recommend the products from this company to her patients. Which of Beauchamp and Childress' (2001) moral rules for patient-provider relationships is Dr. Fribs navigating?
Fidelity
Airhihenbuwa's (1995) PEN-3 model was proposed to aid in the culturally considerate development of ______________.
Health promotion materials
What is the name of the woman whose cells were used to create the HeLa cell line responsible for much of the advances in modern medicine?
Henrietta Lacks
Jan has bipolar disorder and often finds herself considering ways to take her own life. Jan is experiencing suicidal ___________.
Ideations
Which is not an element of informed consent?
Information Comprehension Voluntariness NOT Beneficence
The Belmont Report led to establishment of __________________, which oversee biomedical and social science research conducted at universities, medical centers, and hospitals across the nation.
Institutional review boards
In successful community-based participatory research projects, which of the following is not a communication strategy that McFarlane and colleagues (2022) found researchers to use?
Inviting additional researchers to join the investigative team
characteristics of culturally competent health communication
It is intentional it its attempt to understand individual differences and differences across cultures It is a process It considers the perspectives of both clinicians and patients NOT: It is a reenactment of cultural preferences
The Facebook social contagion study (Kramer et al., 2014) was _________________.
Legal and unethical
Questions such as, "Is mental illness just being used as a plot device?" "Is mental illness being used as a source of humor?" and "Do characters with mental illness seek and receive help?" are important considerations for __________.
Media content creators
The U.S. Office of Minority Health identified six reasons that cultural competence is essential in healthcare services, including the continuously diversifying demographic make-up of the nation and its ability to reduce health disparities. This has led to the development of CLAS, or the _____________________.
Nationally Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services standards
More often than not, media depictions of mental illness and suicide are ____________.
Negative, biased, and unrealistic
Which of Beauchamp and Childress' (2001) moral principles means do no harm?
Nonmaleficence
The Belmont Report lists three ethical principles and discusses the application of those principles in research. Which of the following applications applies to respect for persons?
Obtaining informed consent from participants
Most often, the preferred type of medical interpreter is ____________.
On-site
Serving as her father's medical interpreter, Dr. Rhona Seidelman reflected on her decision-making process for what she would and would not translate between her father and his healthcare provider. What was her role as an interpreter?
Patient advocate
Which of the following is not a domain of Beauchamp and Childress' (2001) moral rule of privacy?
Physical Proprietary Informational decisional relational NOT: environmental
CLAS provides 15 action steps to help healthcare clinicians and organizations enact culturally competent practices. The overarching principal standard of these steps is to ________________.
Provide effective, equitable, understandable, and respectful quality care and services that are responsive to diverse cultural health beliefs and practices, preferred languages, health literacy, and other communication needs
Which type of mental health treatment involves a psychological service provided by a trained professional who primarily uses forms of communication and interaction to assess, diagnose, and treat dysfunctional emotional reactions, ways of thinking, and behavior patterns?
Psychotherapy
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), culture can influence health in all of the following ways
The delivery of services by providers People's perceptions of illness, disease, and their causes People's behavior and attitudes when seeking healthcare NOT: The effectiveness of a medical treatment plan
According to the textbook, what are the positive effects of the way that fictional film and television are currently portraying mental illness?
The normalization of seeking mental health treatment and support
What is the purpose of Smith's (2007) model of stigma communication?
To demonstrate how messages about mental illness can lead to social rejection
Which of Beauchamp and Childress' (2001) moral rules for patient-provider relationships means sharing comprehensive, accurate, and objective information and striving to make sure that the patient or research subject understands it?
Veracity
Social science researchers studying human behaviors have predominantly recruited participants from overwhelmingly _________________.
WEIRD countries
Research suggests that one aspect of social media that can improve attitudes toward mental health is ________________.
celebrity disclosures
Jenifer recently immigrated to the United States and does not speak English. Her twelve-year-old daughter, Sarah, went to a bilingual elementary school where she learned English. Jenifer takes Sarah to her doctor's appointments so she can translate for her. During these exchanges, what type of interpreter is Sarah?
chance
Which medical interpreter role only varies from the script in order to ensure receiver comprehension?
clarifier
A ______________ is a specific type of research study designed to test how well new medical approaches work in people?
clinical trial
Within families, perspectives and beliefs about mental illness are predominantly learned through _____________.
conversations they have with their families, often involving storytelling
__________ is understood as an integrated pattern of thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions associated with racial, ethnic, or linguistic groups, as well as with religious, spiritual, biological, geographical, or sociological characteristics.
culture
Following her son's suicide attempt, Krysten finds herself frequently arguing with her partner. Although she loves her partner, she's starting to think that they might need to consider a separation. What is Krysten navigating?
double trauma
According to a study by McGinty et al. (2018), to effectively increase public support for mental health treatment without increasing stigma in news reporting, news stories should emphasize ___________.
emphasized barriers to treatment
cultural sensitivity (C.centered theory )
extent to which ethnic/cultural characteristics/experiences/values/bh patterns/ beliefs of targeted population and relevant historical/enviro/social forces are incorported into the design, delivery and evaluation of targeted health promo materials and programs
Dealing with ethical issues in medical practice and research is easy because the core principles rarely conflict. True or false
false
In Erin Donovan's research on informed consent forms, patients said they wanted less information about risks involved with the medical procedure because they found the information overwhelming. true or false
false
Interactions with family members, other people, and rituals can be helpful for individuals navigating suicide-related ______________.
grief
Social ecological theory includes all of the following factors
influenced by individual, social, and physical environment factors
Which of the following is not one of the ad types that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows in direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA)?
informational
In collaboration with the Texas Medical Disclosure Panel, Dr. Erin Donovan and her colleagues worked to improve which procedure?
informed consent
PEN-3 Model (C.Centered theory)
intervention framework for understanding and evaluating culture through 3 domains: 1) relationships and expectations where bh are a function of perception (knowledge, beliefs and values) enablers (power from resources, institutional support, wealth) and nurturers ( family and friends) 2) cultural empowerment, where culture is considered positive (promoting good health), existential (no impact on health) or negative (promoting poor health ) 3) cultural identity as reflected by person (multiple complex identities), extended family and neighborhood (community capacity for health promotion)
Which of Beauchamp and Childress' moral principles (2001) means ensuring equal distribution of benefits and risks?
justice
Assumptions of inferiority, invalidation, and fear of mental illness are categories of ___________.
microagressions
_________ occurs when the culture of a dominant group, including its characteristics, beliefs, and practices, is considered the general norm and any deviations from that norm are considered "less than."
othering
