EXAM 4

Alanine and serine bond makes up a a) polypeptide bond b) hydrogen bond c) peptide bond d) sulfhydryl bond

c

Any given nucleotide in a nucleic acid contains a) two pentose sugars, one heterocyclic base, and one phosphate group b) one pentose sugar, two heterocyclic bases, and one phosphate group c) one pentose sugar, one heterocyclic base, and one phosphate group d) no correct response

c

Classify this amino acid. Aspartic acid a) nonpolar b) polar neutral c) polar acidic d) polar basic

c

DNA replication contains a strand that can grow continuously also known as the a) okazaki strand b) lagging strand c) leading strand d) replication fork

c

Lysine in a basic solution a) positive charge b) negative charge c) 0 charge

c

Lysine in a neutral solution a) positive charge b) negative charge c) 0 charge

c

The number of structural subunits present in a nucleoside and a nucleotide are, respectively A) three and three b) three and four C) two and three D) two and two

c

Which enzyme is responsible for connecting the Okazaki fragments? a) DNA transcriptase b) DNA helicase c) DNA ligase d)DNA polymerase

c

Which is correct about nucleotides? a) purine b) sugar and base groups only c) sugar, base, and phosphate groups

c

Which is correct about this common biochemically important peptide? oxytocin a) antioxidant b) peptide neurotransmitter c) peptide hormone

c

Which is correct about this common biochemically important peptide? vasopressin a) antioxidant b) peptide neurotransmitter c) peptide hormone

c

Which of the following is an incorrect statement concerning the structural characteristics of a nucleotide? a) The phosphate subunit is bonded to the sugar subunit. b) The sugar subunit is bonded to the base subunit. c) The base subunit is bonded to the phosphate subunit. d) no correct response

c

For pyrimidine bases, the suffix ____ is used

- idine

The (-H/-OH) group present on carbon 2' in ribose becomes an (-H/-OH) in 2'-deoxyribose

-OH, -H

There is 30% percent of Adenine in a polypeptide. What is the percentage of Guanine?

20

in DNA replication the two strands of the double helix separate and each strand A. serves as a template for the construction of its own complement B. forms an exact duplicate of itself C. serves as a site for the formation of Okazaki fragments which are then connected together to give the new DNA molecule D. more than one answer E. no answer

A

in a dinucleotide the linkage between nucleotide units involves A. carbon 3' of a sugar B. carbon 5' of a sugar C. both carbons 2' and 3' of a sugar D. more than one correct answer E. no answer

A

which of the following events occurs during the transcription phase of protein synthesis? A. a partial unwinding of DNA double helix B. hnRNA is edited and becomes snRNA C. tRNAs carry amino acids to the site for protein synthesis

A

which if the following enzymes associated with DNA replication is paired with its correct function? A. DNA helicase; unwinding of the DNA helix B. DNA polymerase; formation of phosphodiester linkages C. DNA ligase; connection of Okazaki fragments D. no answer

A, B, C

40% of the bases in a certain DNA molecule are found to be Cysteine. what percent of the bases in this same molecule are Adenosine? A. 10% B. 20% C. 40% D. 80%

A.

RNA molecules differ from DNA molecules in that they A. are single stranded rather than double stranded B. contain 5 different bases instead of 4 C. are much longer D. contain 2- oxyribose rather than 2-deoxyglucose

A.

the "backbone" of a nucleic acid molecule consists of an alternating sequence of A. sugar and phosphate groups B. sugar and base groups C. phosphate and base groups D. sugar, phosphate, and base groups

A.

the number of different kinds of nucleotides present in any DNA molecule is A. 4 B. 6 C. 2 D. 3

A.

replication of DNA produces two daughter DNA molecules in which A. one daughter molecule contains both parent strands and one daughter molecule contains both newly synthesized strands B. each daughter molecule contains one parent strand and one newly synthesized strand C. each daughter molecule contains two newly synthesized strands D. each daughter molecule contains a segment of both parent strands

B.

the "backbone" of a DNA molecule always has a free -OH group on a A. ribose molecule at the 3' end B. deoxyribose molecule at the 3' end C. ribose molecule at the 5' end D. deoxyribose molecule at the 5' end

B.

which of the following elements is not present in the "backbone" of a nucleic acid molecule? A. phosphorous B. nitrogen C. oxygen D. more than one answer E. no answer

B.

in DNA replication, the unwinding of double helix A. begins at the 5' end and continues to the 3' end B. begins at the 3' end and continues to the 5' end C. occurs at many places within the double helix at the same time D. is governed by the enzyme DNA ligase

C.

in which of the following pairs of nucleic acid bases are both members of the pair "single ring" bases? A. A and C B. G and T C. T and U D. more than one answer E. no answer

C.

the region of a DNA strand carrying the info needed for synthesis of a specific protein is called a A. codon B. chromosome C. gene D. complementary base pair

C.

which of the following are the three "single ring" bases that occur in nucleic acids? A. adenine, guanine, and uracil B. adenine, cytosine, and uracil C. cytosine, thymine, and uracil D. cytosine, guanine, and thymine

C.

which of the following statements concerning the double helix structure present in DNA molecules is correct? A. the two nucleotide strands are mirror images of each other B. hydrogen bonds between a sugar unit and a base pair hold the two nucleotide strands together C. base pairing between strands always involves one pyrimidine base and one purine base D. base pairing combinations are always A-C and G-T

C.

any given nucleotide in a nucleic acid contains A. 2 bases and a sugar B. one sugar, two bases, and one phosphate C. two sugars and one phosphate D. one sugar, one base, and one phosphate

D.

which of the following is a correct structural characteristic of a nucleotide? A. the base unit is bonded to the phosphate unit B. the phosphate unit is bonded to the sugar unit C. the sugar unit is bonded to the base unit D. more than one answer E. no answer

D.

A is a nucleotide polymer in which each of the monomers contains deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and one of the heterocyclic bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, or thymine.

DNA

A ______ is an unbranched polymer containing monomer units called nucleotides.

Nucleic acid

A pentose sugar and nitrogen-containing hetercyclic base react to form a two-subunit entity called a __________.

Nucleoside

A __________ is a three-subunit molecule in which a pentose sugar is bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base.

Nucleotide

It is (nucleosides/nucleotides) that become the building blocks for nucleic acids.

Nucleotides

The nucleoside reacts with a _____ group to form the three-subunit entity called a nucleotide.

Phosphate

DNA backbones contain alternating _______ & _________.

Phosphate, deoxyribose

Five nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases are nucleotide components. Three of them are derivatives of, ___________, a monocyclic base with a six-membered ring, and two are derivatives of _________, a bicyclic base with fused five- and six-membered rings.

Pyrimidine, purine

A ________ is a nucleotide polymer in which each of the monomers contains ribose, a phosphate group, and one of the heterocyclic bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, or uracil

RNA

RNA backbones contain alternating ________ & __________.

Ribose, phosphate

Nucleic acid backbones contain alternating _______ & _________.

Sugar, phosphate

Classify the following as either a fibrous or globular protein? a-keratin a) fibrous b) globular

a

Classify the following as either a fibrous or globular protein? collagen a) fibrous b) globular

a

Classify this amino acid. phenylalanine a) nonpolar b) polar neutral c) polar acidic d) polar basic

a

Classify this amino acid. tryptophan a) nonpolar b) polar neutral c) polar acidic d) polar basic

a

How many different heterocyclic bases that are purine derivatives are available for incorporation into a nucleotide? a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) no correct response

a

How many of the eight nucleic acid nucleotides are found in DNA molecules? a) four b) five c) all of them d) no correct response

a

In a segment of a nucleic acid each nonterminal phosphate group a) carries a 1- charge b) carries a 2 - charge c) carries a 3- charge d) no correct response

a

Incomplete dietary proteins contain inadequate amounts of: a) one or more essential amino acids. b) at least one essential and one nonessential amino acid. c) one or more nonessential amino acids

a

It is a purine or pyrimidine adenine a) purine b) pyrimidine

a

It is a purine or pyrimidine guanine a) purine b) pyrimidine

a

Lysine in acidic solution has a a) positive charge b) negative charge c) 0 charge

a

Sugar and phosphate groups make up the ________ a) backbone of a nucleic acid b) nucleoside c) backbone of a protein d) disulfide bond

a

The "backbone" of a nucleic acid molecule involves an alternating sequence of a) sugar and phosphate groups b) sugar and base groups c) phosphate and base groups d) no correct answer

a

The sulfhydryl groups on cysteine allow which of the following bonds to form a) disulfide bond b) peptide bond c) hydrogen bond d) phophatyl bond

a

What is a zwitterion? a) charged groups with net charge of 0. b) charged groups with net charge of +1 c) charged groups with net charge of -1 d) net charge 0

a

What is the complementary sequence in DNA to 5'-AATTGCTA-3' a) 3'-TTAACGAT-5' b) 5'-TTAACGAT-3' c) 3'-UUAACGAU-5' d) 5'-TTAAGCAT-3'

a

Where is the free hydroxyl group found on a DNA strand? a) 3' b) 5' c) amide bond d) R group

a

Where is the free phosphate group found on a DNA strand a) 5' b) 3' c) amide bond d) R group

a

Which is correct about heterocyclic bases? a) purine b) sugar and base groups only c) sugar, base, and phosphate groups

a

Which is correct about this common biochemically important peptide? glutathione a) antioxidant b) peptide neurotransmitter c) peptide hormone

a

Which is true about peptide bonds? a) Amide bond and N- to C- terminus end b) A peptide with 12 amino acids are considered a polypeptide c)Amide bond and C- to N- terminus end d)R groups considered part of the back bone

a

Which of the following amino acids are achiral? a) glycine b) alanine c) valine d) Leucine

a

Which of the following is present in nucleotides but not in nucleosides? a) phosphate group b) heterocyclic base c) pentose sugar d) no correct response

a

Which of the following statements concerning deoxyribonucleic acids is incorrect? a) They are found in all parts of a cell. b) They are involved in the storage and transfer of genetic information. c) They are passed from existing cells to new cells during cell division. d) no correct response

a

______ is the sequence in which nucleotides are linked together in a nucleic acid. a) Primary nucleic acid structure b) Secondary nucleic acid structure c Tertiary nucleic acid structure

a

Which three nucleotides are found in both DNA & RNA? a) adenine b) cytosine c) guanine d) thymine e) uracil

a, b, c

Which are true about DNA? MULTIPLE ANSWERS a) run in opposite directions b) base stacks to stabilize double helix c) single stranded d) bases interact above and below it e) contains adenine, guanine, and uracil f) complementary bases are found in equal amounts within DNA g) commonly has a hairpin loop

a, b, d, f

Select all of the following enzymes that are involved in DNA replication. MULTIPLE ANSWERS a) DNA ligase b) DNA translocase c) DNA helicase d) DNA polymerase e) DNA chromase

a, c, d

Classify the following as either a fibrous or globular protein? hemoglobin a) fibrous b) globular

b

Classify the following as either a fibrous or globular protein? myoglobin a) fibrous b) globular

b

Classify this amino acid. glutamine a) nonpolar b) polar neutral c) polar acidic d) polar basic

b

How many different sugars and how many different heterocyclic bases are available, respectively, for incorporation into a nucleotide? a) 2 and 2 b) 2 and 5 c) 3 and 4 d) no correct response

b

It is a purine or pyrimidine Cytosine a) purine b) pyrimidine

b

It is a purine or pyrimidine thymine a) purine b) pyrimidine

b

It is a purine or pyrimidine uracil a) purine b) pyrimidine

b

Proteins are naturally occurring polymers in which the monomer units are _____. A. carbohydrates B. amino acids C. triacylglycerols D. nucleosides

b

The nucleotide AMP is found in a) DNA molecules but not RNA molecules b) RNA molecules but not DNA molecules c) both DNA and RNA molecules d) no correct response

b

The primary structure of a nucleic acid is determined by the sequence of a) pentoses present b) bases present c) phosphates present d) no correct response

b

The primary structure of a protein is determined by a) pleated sheets b) the sequence of amino acids c) hydrogen bonds formed between the components of the peptide bonds d) a series of helical domains

b

The sequence of bases in a segment of nucleic acid a) is always read in the 5'-to-3' direction b) is always read in the 3'-to-5' direction c) can be read in either direction because directionality does not matter d) no correct response

b

Which is correct about nucleosides? a) purine b) sugar and base groups only c) sugar, base, and phosphate groups

b

Which is correct about this common biochemically important peptide? enkephalin a) antioxidant b) peptide neurotransmitter c) peptide hormone

b

Which of the following statements concerning ribonucleic acids is correct? a) They are found primarily within the nucleus of a cell. b) They are directly involved in the synthesis of proteins. c) They are passed from existing cells to new cells during cell division. d) no correct response

b

Which protein structure has alpha helix and beta pleated sheets? a) primary structure b) secondary structure c) tertiary structure d) quaternary structure

b

Classify this amino acid. histidine a) nonpolar b) polar neutral c) polar acidic d) polar basic

d

RNA molecules differ from DNA molecules in that they a) contain four different bases instead of three b) contain 2-dexoyribose rather than 2-deoxyglucose c) have a greater polarity d)are single stranded rather than double stranded

d

The number of different kinds of nucleotides present in any RNA molecule is a) two b) six c) five d) four

d

What kind of side chains do Methionine have? a) acidic polar side chain b) basic polar side chain c) polar side chain d) nonpolar side chain

d

Which two nucleotides are only found in RNA? a) adenine b) cytosine c) guanine d) thymine e) uraci

d, e

(T/F) RNA is typically longer than DNA

false

The two ________ derivatives found in nucleotides are adenine (A) and guanine (G).

purine

The three ________ derivatives found in nucleotides are thymine (T), cytosine (C), and uracil (U

pyrimidine

First DNA goes through _________ and replicates itself. Then DNA goes through _________ to produce one mRNA. _________ to be finally used to produce a protein. Answer possibilities: transcription, protein synthesis, translation, synthesize, processing, translation, replication

replication, transcription, translation

In RNA, the sugar unit is (ribose/deoxyribose) . In DNA, the sugar unit is (ribose/deoxyribose) .

ribose, deoxyribose