exam 4- drugs

A newborn, experiencing ineffective alveolar expansion, is receiving treatment. What intervention should the nurse implement to assure the administration of the prescribed medication has been effective?

(has endotracheal tube) Monitoring respirations for bilateral chest movement

The nurse assesses the serum theophylline of a client. Which finding would the nurse identify as being therapeutic?

10-20

After reviewing information about drugs used to treat lower respiratory system conditions, a group of nursing students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which as an example of a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA)?

Albuterol

During the summer, a female client experiences increased periods of acute symptoms of her asthma. The health care provider increases the dose frequency of which of her medications?

Albuterol is the initial drug of choice for acute bronchospasm.

A client is given theophylline to treat acute asthma symptoms. Which food should the client avoid?

Chocolate

A nurse would expect to increase the dosage of theophylline if the client has a current history of which of the following?

Cigarette smoking-Nicotine increases the metabolism of xanthines

A nurse is providing health education to a client recently diagnosed with asthma and prescribed albuterol and ipratropium. Which of the client's statements suggests a need for clarification by the nurse?

I'll keep taking my medications until I'm not experiencing any more symptoms."

A neonate is receiving beractant. The nurse understands that this agent is administered by which route?

Intratracheal

A client with COPD takes theophylline. The nurse identifies that the client is still experiencing severe dyspnea. Upon review of labs, the theophylline level remains nontherapeutic. The nurse evaluates the client for which of the following drugs that may cause decreased theophylline levels?

Nicotine

A man who smokes one pack of cigarettes daily has been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. He has been prescribed theophylline by his family provider. What effect will the client's smoking status have on the therapeutic use of theophylline?

The client may require higher doses of theophylline than a nonsmoker

A client prescribed antiasthmatic drugs should be encouraged to avoid excessive intake of what beverage?

coffee

A client is admitted to the emergency department with inspiratory stridor and air hunger. When anticipating treatment, the nurse will prepare which medication for administration?

epinephrine

A client who smokes is receiving theophylline orally. Because of his history of smoking, the nurse expects the health care provider to do what with the theophylline dosing?

increase

While reviewing a client's history, an allergy to which of the following would alert the nurse to a possible problem with the use of ipratropium?

peanuts

A client is experiencing an acute asthmatic attack. Which agent would be most effective?

A beta-2 selective adrenergic agonist or sympathomimetic would be most appropriate because these agents are rapidly distributed after injection and rapidly absorbed after inhalation. An inhaled steroid would require 2 to 3 weeks to reach effective levels. Leukotriene receptor antagonists and mast cell stabilizers do not have immediate effects.

Which medication is used to treat acute airflow obstruction?

Metaproterenol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist used as a quick-relief medication. Beclomethasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used as a long-term control medication. Montelukast is a leukotriene antagonist used for prophylactic treatment of chronic asthma. Azelastine is a second-generation antihistamine.

A client with a diagnosis of asthma has been prescribed ipratropium 2 puffs QID. What is the most likely goal of this treatment?

anticholinergic bronchodilators are most useful in the long-term management of asthma and other conditions producing bronchoconstriction

A client is prescribed a leukotriene receptor antagonist. The nurse should evaluate the effectiveness of the medication therapy based on the long term management of symptoms associated with which respiratory condition?

asthma

A patient who is prescribed ipratropium administers the drug at 9:15 AM. The patient should begin to notice the drug beginning to act at which time?

9:30

A female client is prescribed systemic corticosteroids for her asthma. The nurse knows that the client is at risk for what problem?

Adrenal insufficiency

A male client presents to the emergency department in bronchospasm. He has a history of smoking two packs per day for 20 years and is prescribed phenytoin to control a seizure disorder that developed after a head injury 3 years ago. Based on the client's history, what would the nurse expect the health care provider to order?

Cigarette smoking and drugs that stimulate drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver (e.g., phenobarbital, phenytoin) increase the rate of metabolism and, therefore, the dosage requirements of aminophylline.

The nurse is reviewing a client's morning blood work and notes a theophylline level of 22.2 mcg/mL (123.21 µmol/L). What action should the nurse take?

Contact the care provider and inform him or her that the client has toxic theophylline levels.

The client has been prescribed cromolyn (Intal) for the treatment of asthma, and the nurse is evaluating the client's understanding of the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further education?

Cromolyn (Intal) is a mast cell stabilizer used in combination with other drugs in the treatment of asthma and other allergic disorders. Adverse reactions include drying of the throat and coughing or wheezing. It should not be used during an acute asthma attack because it may worsen the bronchospasm.

Which of the following would be most important to assess before administering calfactant? (Select all that apply.)

Endotracheal tube placement Lung sounds Oxygen saturation levels

The nurse is evaluating the education of a client that uses albuterol for an acute asthma attack. The nurse knows that the lesson has been effective when the client states that albuterol is which of the following types of medication?

SABA

When describing the events of an asthma attack to a client, the nurse incorporates understanding that stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in which of the following?

Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors results in bronchoconstriction. When leukotriene production is inhibited, bronchodilation is facilitated.

A female client presents to the emergency department with acutely deteriorating asthma. Her husband tells the nurse that his wife takes salmeterol. He then tells the nurse that he gave her three extra puffs when she became ill. What statement is correct in this situation?

The FDA has issued a black box warning that initiating salmeterol in people with significantly worsening or acutely deteriorating asthma may be life threatening.

A male client presents with symptoms of bronchospasm that occurred during a birthday party for his grandson. What medication would the nurse expect the health care provider to give the client?

albuterol

A nurse is providing discharge planning for a 45-year-old woman who has a prescription for oral albuterol. The nurse will question the patient about her intake of which of the following?

coffee

A client was using a nicotine patch to stop smoking when he was started on theophylline for emphysema. He has successfully stopped smoking and has stopped using his nicotine patch. Which of following would the nurse anticipate about the prescribed theophylline?

dose decreased

A high school student was diagnosed with asthma when he was in elementary school and has become accustomed to carrying and using his "puffers". In recent months, he has become more involved in sports and has developed a habit of administering albuterol up to 10 times daily. The nurse should teach the student that overuse of albuterol can lead to

rebound bronchoconstriction.