Exam 6 Patho EAQ
which type of leukemia would occur most often in developed countries and in higher socioeconomic groups?
ALL
which is the function of Albumin?
Albumin regulates the passage of water and solutes through capillaries
which is a fatal condition where all four alpha-formign genes are defective in an infant?
Alpha-thalassemia major
which term would describe a clot that is circulating within the bloodstream?
Embolus
which information indicates a correct understanding about the importance of eosinophils?
Eosinophils help control inflammation
which cellular component of the blood is a nonnucleated cytoplasmic disk?
Erythrocyte
which information is correct regarding erythrocytes?
Erythrocytes do not contain mitochondria they are responsible for tissue oxygenation
which information is correct regarding the function of fibrinogen in a person?
Fibrinogen kills microorganisms and catabolizes debris
which term should be used to describe blood cell production in a person?
Hematopoiesis
which drug would be the most common cause of drug-induced thrombocytopenia?
Heparin
a health care provder observes Reed-Sternberg cells in a lab report. which disease is it?
Hodgkin lymphoma
the health care provider is educating expectant mothers about hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborns (HDFN). which term should the health care provider use to describe the condition when HDFN causes death in utero?
Hydrops fetalis
which event will cause the health care provider to closely monitor the child for the sickling process seen in sickle cell disease?
Hypoxemia
which child who has a congenital deficiency of a plasma clotting factor is most predisposed to hemophilia?
IX
which category of autoantibodies destroys the platelets in a child with primary thrombocytopenic purpura
IgG
which vitamin would assist in clotting?
K
which term should the health care provider use to describe childhood cancer of the blood-forming tissues?
Leukemia
which organ produces plasma proteins?
Liver
which information is correct regarding natural killer (NK) cells?
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes that function in defense against some tumors and viruses
which area would be common site for an abnormal lymph node in hodgkin lymphoma?
Neck
which type of anemia would be associated with the presence of macrocytic-normochromic erythrocytes
Pernicious
which formed element of the blood lives about 8-11 days?
Platelets
which major organ system would increase the renin-aldosterone response during anemia?
Renal
which term should be used to describe an immature red blood cell?
Reticulocyte
what is the pathophysiologic mechanism that occurs in a child with hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)?
Rh incompatibility
which sickle cell disease rarely shows clinical manifestations in a child?
Sickle cell trait
An individual is experiencing hemostasis, which of the following is occurring?
The clients body is able to arrest bleeding
which statement by a health care provider would provide correct information to parents of a child with acquired iron-deficiency anemia?
This incidence is highest between 6 months and 2 years of age.
which condition would be associated with decreases platelets?
Thrombocytopenia
which body fluid contains Bence Jones protein?
Urine
a child has hemophilia. while planning care what factor is deficient?
VIII
which nutrient is deficient in an individual with macrocytic anemia?
Vitamin B12
which individual is most likely to have a 13 g/dL average (mean) level of hemoglobin?
a 33-year old
the health care provider is assessing a child with the MOST common blood disorder in children. which child is the health care provider assessing?
a child with anemia
A child has anemia from insufficient erthropoiesis. what is the MOST probable cause of this condition
a lack of iron
which is another term for a thrombocyte?
a platelet
a health care provider is reviewing bone marrow aspiration results and finds a child with leukemia has elevated blast cell levels. the child has which type of leukemia?
acute
which component of the blood system is responsible for the critical colloid oncotic pressure
albumin
a health care provider must administer Rh immune glodin (RhoGAM) to which mother?
an Rh-negative mother who delivered an Rh-positive infant
which pathophysiologic process would be typical in mononucleosis?
an acute infection of B lymphocytes with Epstein-Barr virus
which information would indicate an accurate understanding of the difference between anemia and polycythemia?
anemia is a decrease in erythrocytes,. but polycythemia is increased concentration of erythrocytes
which type of infection would cause an elevated neutrophil count?
bacterial
which granulocyte contains histamine and heparin?
basophils
which of the following is/are correct examples of myeloid cells?
basophils macrophages
which white blood cells would be considered granulocytes?
basophils neutrophils eosinophils
an individuals bilirubin level is elevated. which information is correct regarding what this elevation indicates?
bilirubin is an end product of erythrocyte destruction
a person is having a probklem with platelets. which process will be having difficulty?
blood coagulation
which information from the staff indicates successful teaching by the health care provider about when unconjugated bilirubin is formed?
breaking down of hemoglobin
a child has beta-thalassemia minor. which clinical manifestation will the health care provider observe upon assessment?
bronze-colored skin
which occurrence should show up when an individual has a minor blood vessel injury?
clotting within 3 to 5 minutes of injury
which information is correct regarding creatinine?
creatinine is the end product of eruthrocyte destruction
which characteristic would be typical of anemia?
decreased erythrocyte level in circulating blood
a health care provider is caring for a child who has newly diagnosed sickle cell anemia. which assessment finding most likely indicates the child is experiencing a vasoocclusive crisis?
extreme pain
a health care provider is taking the history of a child with bruising and a generalized petechial rash. which finding will alert the health care provider that immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) may be occurring?
had cytomegalovirus infection approximately 2 weeks ago
which characteristic cell or cell state would be associated with lymphoblastic lymphoma?
immature malignant T cells
in which organ does hemoglobin bind to nitric oxide?
in the lungs
which physiological response would occur when erythropoietin is increased in the body?
increased erythrocytes
which condition would be monitored for in an individual with CLL
infection
which pathophysiologic process will the health care provider consider when planning care for a child with hemophilia?
inherited clotting factor deficiency
which serious complication will the health care provider monitor for in a child with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
intracranial hemorrhage
which type of anemia is the MOST common nutritional disorder worldwide?
iron-deficiency
which occurs as lymph filters through an individuals lymph nodes?
it cleanses foreign particles and microorganisms by macrophages.
which definition would be accurate regarding anemia?
it is a decreased number of circulating red blood cells
which platelet count would lead to severe spontaneous bleeding?
less than 10,000 platelets/ul
a health care provider observes that most infants and young children are not diagnosed with anemia until moderate anemia has developed. what is the rationale for the health care provider's observation?
listlessness and fatigue are not easily detectable in infants and young children.
which initial clinical manifestation would be associated with non-hodgkin lymphoma
lymphadenopathy
a lee-white coagulation time is prescribed for an individual. which blood property is being elevated?
measures the overall ability of blood to clot, as measured in minutes in a test tube
which type of cell are the mononuclear phagocytes that are located in the kidney?
mesangial cells
which statement by the health care provider is correct and illustrates an understanding of the pathophysiology of sickling of erythrocytes in a child
most sickled erythrocytes regain a normal shape after reoxygenation and rehydration
which condition would produce malignant plasma cells with tumor masses all throughout the skeletal system?
multiple myeloma
which alternation in leukocytes would be expected in an individual with burns?
neutrophilia
in the results of a differential white blood cell count of a healthy adult, which cell count will be the highest
neutrophils
which finding would be normal for lymph nodes?
nonpalpable
which child has a type of hemophilia that results from a lack of factor XI?
one with hemophilia C
a health care provider is caring for a child with anemia resulting from abnormal hemoglobin S. the health care provider is caring for which child?
one with sickle cell anemia
which pathologic feature would be common to all forms of leukemia?
overcrowding of bone marrow
while the health care provider is performing an assessment, whihc finding is typical of a child with vasoocclusive crisis in sickle cell anemia?
pain
which finding would be a clinical manifestation of hodgkin lymphoma?
painless enlargement of lymph nodes
which clinical manifestation will the health care provider observe in a child with hodgkin lymphoma
painless lymphadenopathy
which type of anemia would cause nervous system manifestations?
pernicious
which information is correct regarding platelets?
platelets have no DNA platelets are irregularly shaped cytoplasmic fragments
which term would describe an abnormally high production of red blood cells?
polycythemia
which term would describe the absolute primary form of polycythemia?
polycythemia vera
an infant has elevated bilirubin, and treatment is started to prevent kernicterus. which treatment should the health care provider be prepared to implement?
replacement transfussions
which term is used to describe a child with two hemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities with at least one involving the Hb S gene?
sickle cell thalassemia
which is the correct regarding mean corpuscle volume?
size of erythrocytes
which clinical manifestation listed in the medical record would suggest disseminated intravascular coagulation? (DIC)
spontaneous bleeding from the gums
which explanation would accurately describe a "shift-to-the-left" phenomenon?
the demand for circulating mature neutrophils exceeds the supply
the optimal number of platelets and megakaryoblasts in the bone marrow is maintained primarily by which substance?
thrombopoietin
which are the primary lymphoid organs?
thymus and bone marrow
which type of cell would be characteristic of acute leukemia?
undifferentiated
which measurement unit is used when platelets are measured?
10^3/mm^3
which platelet count result would indicate that spontaneous bleeding without trauma is possible?
12,000 cells/ul
which laboratory results indicate that an adults erythrocyte level is normal?
5.1 million/mm^3
when normal blood is centrifuged, the plasma will represent what percentage of the sample?
55
how many quarts of blood does the average adult have in the body?
6
