exam review

What assumption does the narrator make in this excerpt? that his mom will worry about him that his mom will trust him that his mom knows he is lying that his mom needs his help

that his mom will trust him

What assumption does the narrator make in this excerpt? a.that his creativity will be eagerly embraced b.that a biological weapons attack is imminent c.that many people express their grief through tears d.that volunteers are always willing to help in a crisis

c.that many people express their grief through tears

Which of the following choices best describes the evidence used in this excerpt? a.An expert's opinion provides historical background of an important concept. b.An expert's viewpoint presents a counterclaim to the author's argument. c.Statistical and factual evidence prove the author's claim. d.Personal experience creates persuasive, emotional appeal.

a.An expert's opinion provides historical background of an important concept.

How does the narration shape Oskar's characterization in this excerpt? It reveals his entrepreneurial spirit. It reveals his knowledge of keys. It reveals his business insight. It reveals his naivete.

It reveals his naivete.

What purpose does the "bagel man" serve in this argument? a.to shift the focus toward a specific man b.to entertain the reader with a funny story c.to show the seriousness of cheating d.to shed light on white-collar crime

c.to show the seriousness of cheating

The example in the excerpt helps the authors arrive at which of the following conclusions? The majority of people are corrupt. The majority of people are honest. Glaucon and Paul Feldman were wrong. Socrates and Adam Smith were wrong.

The majority of people are honest.

The excerpt serves as which type of support for the authors' argument? a claim an example a conclusion a counterclaim

a conclusion

The excerpt serves as which of the following in relation to the authors' argument? a claim that most people are moral an example of morality in the workplace a conclusion about morality in the workplace a counterclaim to the idea that most people are moral

a counterclaim to the idea that most people are moral

Based on the excerpt, which of the following statements best summarizes the incentive system that ranks sumo wrestlers? a.The incentive system penalizes elite sumo wrestlers. b.The incentive system rewards elite sumo wrestlers. c.The incentive system treats all sumo wrestlers equally. d.The incentive system treats all sumo wrestlers like royalty.

b.The incentive system rewards elite sumo wrestlers.

Which line from Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close reveals a sentimental tone? a,I couldn't sleep, not after hours, and it made my boots lighter to be around his things, and to touch stuff that he had touched, and to make the hangers hang a little straighter, even though I knew it didn't matter. b.His tuxedo was over the chair he used to sit on when he tied his shoes, and I thought, Weird. Why wasn't it hung up with his suits? c.Had he come from a fancy party the night before he died? But then why would he have taken off his tuxedo without hanging it up? Maybe it needed to be cleaned? But I didn't remember a fancy party. d.If I hadn't noticed anything else weird, I wouldn't have thought about the tuxedo again. But I started noticing a lot.

a,I couldn't sleep, not after hours, and it made my boots lighter to be around his things, and to touch stuff that he had touched, and to make the hangers hang a little straighter, even though I knew it didn't matter.

Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of this paragraph? a. Different emotional states affect people's honesty. b.Some holidays cause people to be less honest. c.Cold weather causes an increase in dishonesty. d.Holidays and cold weather may cause anxiety.

a. Different emotional states affect people's honesty.

Which line from Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close reveals a sentimental tone? a.I couldn't sleep, not after hours, and it made my boots lighter to be around his things, and to touch stuff that he had touched, and to make the hangers hang a little straighter, even though I knew it didn't matter. b.His tuxedo was over the chair he used to sit on when he tied his shoes, and I thought, Weird. Why wasn't it hung up with his suits? c.Had he come from a fancy party the night before he died? But then why would he have taken off his tuxedo without hanging it up? Maybe it needed to be cleaned? But I didn't remember a fancy party. d.If I hadn't noticed anything else weird, I wouldn't have thought about the tuxedo again. But I started noticing a lot.

a.I couldn't sleep, not after hours, and it made my boots lighter to be around his things, and to touch stuff that he had touched, and to make the hangers hang a little straighter, even though I knew it didn't matter.

Which line best reflects the ambiguity of this excerpt? a.I started inventing things, and then I couldn't stop, like beavers b.People think they cut down trees so they can build dams c.in reality it's because their teeth never stop growing d.their teeth would start to grow into their own faces

a.I started inventing things, and then I couldn't stop, like beavers

How does the narration shape Oskar's characterization in this excerpt? a.It shows his youth and inexperience. b.It suggests his flair for the dramatic. c.It indicates he is reckless and rowdy. d.It hints at his pent-up anger and hostility.

a.It shows his youth and inexperience.

Which excerpt from Fast Food Nation best states the author's overall claim? a.The fast food industry's obsession with throughput has altered the way millions of Americans work, turned commercial kitchens into small factories, and changed familiar foods into commodities that are manufactured. b.Unlike Olympic gymnastics—an activity in which teenagers consistently perform at a higher level than adults—there's nothing about the work in a fast food kitchen that requires young employees. c.Although Richard and Mac McDonald introduced the division of labor to the restaurant business, it was a McDonald's executive named Fred Turner who created a production system of unusual thoroughness and attention to detail. d.Teenagers have been the perfect candidates for these jobs, not only because they are less expensive to hire than adults, but also because their youthful inexperience makes them easier to control.

a.The fast food industry's obsession with throughput has altered the way millions of Americans work, turned commercial kitchens into small factories, and changed familiar foods into commodities that are manufactured.

In this excerpt, Schlosser claims that fast food restaurants are a.taking advantage of people to save money. b.helping society by hiring unskilled workers. c.providing valuable training for teenagers. d.using highly skilled workers in low-paying jobs.

a.taking advantage of people to save money.

What assumption does the narrator make in this excerpt? a.that his mother's activities suggest an end to her grief b.that his mother's activities are adversely affecting her work cthat his mother's attention to the mirror suggests vanity d.that his mother's game-playing detracts from her time with him

a.that his mother's activities suggest an end to her grief

Which excerpt from Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close reveals a childish tone? a."Need some more copies?" Walt asked. I gave him a high-five, and I showed him the key that I had found, and asked him what he could tell me about it. b."Could be a safe-deposit box, actually. An old one. Or some kind of fire-retardant cabinet." That made me crack up a little, even though I know there's nothing funny about being a mental retard. c."Well, hardly anyone uses keys anymore." "I use keys," I told him, and I showed him my apartment key. "I know you do," he said. I said, "I have another question." d."Shoot." "Do you think I could find the company that made this key?" "Anyone could've made it." "Well then, what I want to know is how can I find the lock that it opens?"

b."Could be a safe-deposit box, actually. An old one. Or some kind of fire-retardant cabinet." That made me crack up a little, even though I know there's nothing funny about being a mental retard.

Which excerpt from Fast Food Nation best states a reason supporting the author's claim that fast food restaurants follow the assembly line model? a.Once an order has been placed, buttons light up and suggest other menu items that can be added. b.At Burger King restaurants, frozen hamburger patties are placed on a conveyer belt and emerge from a broiler ninety seconds later fully cooked. c.The McDonald's operations manual today has ten times the number of pages and weighs about four pounds. d.Teenagers open the fast food outlets in the morning, close them at night, and keep them going at all hours in between.

b.At Burger King restaurants, frozen hamburger patties are placed on a conveyer belt and emerge from a broiler ninety seconds later fully cooked.

Which idea from the excerpt best addresses the counterclaim that people are only honest when there is a financial incentive? a.Employees who move further up the corporate ladder tend to be more dishonest. b.Employees tend to be more honest when they like their boss and their work. c.Executives might act dishonestly out of an overdeveloped sense of entitlement. d.Different employees of the same business demonstrate varying levels of honesty.

b.Employees tend to be more honest when they like their boss and their work.

Based on the excerpt, which of the following best explains why the authors included Feldman in their study? a.Feldman designed a beautiful economic experiment. b.Feldman kept rigorous data on his business. c.Feldman disliked people who stole from him. d.Feldman encouraged people to steal less.

b.Feldman kept rigorous data on his business.

Based on the excerpt, which statement best strengthens Feldman's claim that people are mostly honest? a.Feldman solicited customers with a simple pitch. b.Feldman's payment system was largely successful. c.Feldman earned a good living delivering bagels. d.Feldman found a new career and made himself happy.

b.Feldman's payment system was largely successful.

How does Schlosser effectively build his argument in this excerpt? a.He uses anecdotal evidence to share a personal experience of eating fast food. b.He uses analogical evidence to help the reader visualize his point about the workers. c.He uses testimonial evidence to explain the health risks of eating fast food. d.He uses statistical evidence to prove that adults make better employees than teens.

b.He uses analogical evidence to help the reader visualize his point about the workers.

How does the narration shape Oskar's characterization in this excerpt? a.His curiosity renders him extremely childish. b.His literary references render him mature for his age. c.His dramatic experience suggests great talent. d.His plan for retrieving the case suggests great ingenuity.

b.His literary references render him mature for his age.

Which of the following pieces of evidence from Fast Food Nation best supports the author's claim that teenagers are the ideal candidates for working in the fast food industry? a.And it gives fast food companies an enormous amount of power over their employees. b.Since most teenagers still lived at home, they could afford to work for wages too low to support an adult, and until recently, their limited skills attracted few other employers. c.Workers at the counter are told to increase the size of an order by recommending special promotions, pushing dessert, pointing out the financial logic behind the purchase of a larger drink. d.A McDonald's kitchen is full of buzzers and flashing lights that tell employees what to do.

b.Since most teenagers still lived at home, they could afford to work for wages too low to support an adult, and until recently, their limited skills attracted few other employers.

Based on the excerpt, the conclusion that "personal mood seems to affect honesty" is best supported by which of the following statements? a.Relaxing summer and fall holidays generally cause payment rates to drop. b.Stressful fall and winter holidays generally cause payment rates to drop. c.Relaxing summer and fall holidays generally cause theft rates to increase. d.Stressful fall and winter holidays generally cause theft rates to remain steady.

b.Stressful fall and winter holidays generally cause payment rates to drop.

Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of this paragraph? a.The definition of crime is objective and does not depend on who commits the crime or what type is committed. b.The definition of crime is subjective and depends on who commits the crime and what type is committed. c.The definition of a minor crime is stealing a bagel or leaving a restaurant without paying. d.The definition of a serious crime is stealing a money box or leaving a restaurant without paying.

b.The definition of crime is subjective and depends on who commits the crime and what type is committed.

Which of the following excerpts from Fast Food Nation best provides evidence that fast food restaurants are designed for using unskilled labor? a.Her family's modest townhouse sits beside a busy highway on the south side of Colorado Springs, in a largely poor and working-class neighborhood. b.The ovens at Pizza Hut and at Domino's also use conveyer belts to ensure standardized cooking times. c.The restaurant opens for business at seven o'clock, and for the next hour or so, Elisa and the manager hold down the fort, handling all the orders. d.Throughput is all about increasing the speed of assembly, about doing things faster in order to make more.

b.The ovens at Pizza Hut and at Domino's also use conveyer belts to ensure standardized cooking times.

The evidence presented in this excerpt best supports the author's claim that a.McDonald's is the leader in fast food innovation. b.fast food restaurants use technology designed to reduce the need for skilled labor. c.technology has helped improve the fast food industry. d.the workers' limited skills have forced fast food employers to rely on machines instead of people.

b.fast food restaurants use technology designed to reduce the need for skilled labor.

Which word from this excerpt most reveals the tone? a.homeless, because it implies loneliness b.heavy, because it communicates the narrator's desperation c.neat, because it reveals the narrator's whimsical fancy d.special, because it implies confidence

b.heavy, because it communicates the narrator's desperation

The testimonial evidence in this excerpt is effective because it a.makes an emotional protest against the fast food industry's treatment of employees. b.includes an expert opinion supporting the claim that the fast food industry resembles the manufacturing business. c.describes a personal experience of what it is like to work in a fast food restaurant. d.provides a technical explanation of the standardized procedures and equipment used in fast food restaurants.

b.includes an expert opinion supporting the claim that the fast food industry resembles the manufacturing business.

What assumption does the narrator make in this excerpt? a.that his mother would not understand the messages b.that the messages would increase his mother's suffering c.that his father's emergency money should be replaced d.that the employees at Radio Shack would sympathize with him

b.that the messages would increase his mother's suffering

Feldman reaches the conclusion that most people are honest without receiving an incentive by? a.making a claim about his individual experiences and looking for evidence. b.making a broad generalization about morality and looking for evidence. c.studying his individual experiences and arriving at a broad generalization. d.studying a counterclaim about morality and arriving at a broad generalization.

c.studying his individual experiences and arriving at a broad generalization.

Which excerpt from Fast Food Nation best illustrates the author's use of the rhetorical appeal logos? a.Her family's modest townhouse sits beside a busy highway on the south side of Colorado Springs, in a largely poor and working-class neighborhood. b.A job at a fast food restaurant became an American rite of passage, a first job soon left behind for better things. c.English is now the second language of at least one-sixth of the nation's restaurant workers, and about one-third of that group speaks no English at all. d.When she finally walks home, after seven hours of standing at a cash register, her feet hurt. She's wiped out.

c.English is now the second language of at least one-sixth of the nation's restaurant workers, and about one-third of that group speaks no English at all.

Which best describes the type of reasoning the excerpt uses? a.Feldman uses deductive reasoning because he works from a generalization to arrive at specific examples. b.Feldman uses deductive reasoning because he arrives at a broad generalization based on another generalization. c.Feldman uses inductive reasoning because he formulates a generalization based on specific examples. d.Feldman uses inductive reasoning because he formulates a generalization based mostly on experience.

c.Feldman uses inductive reasoning because he formulates a generalization based on specific examples.

How does the narration affect Oskar's credibility in this excerpt? a.His list of fears makes him seem mentally unstable. b.His tale of panic makes him seem extremely immature. c.His attempt at self-reflection makes him seem honest. d.His knowledge of science makes him seem intellectual.

c.His attempt at self-reflection makes him seem honest.

How does the narration affect Oskar's credibility in this excerpt? a.His Greek and Roman references emphasize his intelligence. b.His explanation of a pendulum emphasizes his maturity. c.His fond recollections emphasize his genuine sincerity. d.His description of his dad emphasizes his lack of stability.

c.His fond recollections emphasize his genuine sincerity.

Which line from Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close reveals a melancholy tone? a.As for the bracelet Mom wore to the funeral, what I did was I converted Dad's last voice message into Morse code, and I used sky-blue beads for silence, maroon beads for breaks between letters . . . b.She said it was the best gift she'd ever received. I asked her if it was better than the Edible Tsunami, from when I was interested in edible meteorological events. She said, "Different." c.I wanted to tell her she shouldn't be playing Scrabble yet. Or looking in the mirror. Or turning the stereo any louder than what you needed just to hear it. It wasn't fair to Dad, and it wasn't fair to me. d.I made her other Morse code jewelry with Dad's messages—a necklace, an anklet, some dangly earrings, a tiara—but the bracelet was definitely the most beautiful, probably because it was the last, which made it the most precious.

c.I wanted to tell her she shouldn't be playing Scrabble yet. Or looking in the mirror. Or turning the stereo any louder than what you needed just to hear it. It wasn't fair to Dad, and it wasn't fair to me.

Which line from Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close reveals a despondent tone? a.I couldn't reach it, obviously, so I moved over the chair with the tuxedo still on it, and then I went to my room to get the Collected Shakespeare set that Grandma bought for me when she found out that I was going to be Yorick.... b.I stood on all of that and it worked for a second. But then I had the tips of my fingers on the vase, and the tragedies started to wobble, and the tuxedo was incredibly distracting, and the next thing was that everything was on the floor . . . c.I zipped myself all the way into the sleeping bag of myself, not because I was hurt, and not because I had broken something, but because they were cracking up. d.I started to clean everything up, and that was when I noticed something else weird. In the middle of all of that glass was a little envelope, about the size of a wireless Internet card.

c.I zipped myself all the way into the sleeping bag of myself, not because I was hurt, and not because I had broken something, but because they were cracking up.

Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of this paragraph? a.Most people steal money if it is left in an open basket. b.Few people steal money from plywood boxes with slots in the top. c.Most people are honest enough not to commit major theft. d.Few people are aware when they commit crimes.

c.Most people are honest enough not to commit major theft.

How does the narration affect the story in this excerpt? a.Oskar's memories introduce the use of symbolism. b.Oskar's slang characterizes him as relaxed and casual. c.Oskar's attempts to recall the events build suspense. d.Oskar's rapid questioning foreshadows his panic.

c.Oskar's attempts to recall the events build suspense.

Which excerpt from Fast Food Nation best illustrates the use of the rhetorical appeal logos? a.Teenagers open the fast food outlets in the morning, close them at night, and keep them going at all hours in between. b.Elisa's mother usually drives her the half-mile or so to the restaurant, but sometimes Elisa walks, leaving home before the sun rises. c.The labor practices of the fast food industry have their origins in the assembly line systems adopted by American manufacturers in the early twentieth century. d.Fast food kitchens often seem like a scene from Bugsy Malone, a film in which all the actors are children pretending to be adults.

c.The labor practices of the fast food industry have their origins in the assembly line systems adopted by American manufacturers in the early twentieth century.

In this excerpt, the authors present a.a comparison between various criminals. b.an argument in favor of reporting crime. c.a contrast between different types of crime. d.an argument against embezzlement.

c.a contrast between different types of crime.

The excerpt is an example of inductive reasoning because the authors? a.work from a generalization to formulate specific examples. b.arrive at a generalization after starting with another generalization. c.formulate a generalization by studying specific examples. d.arrive at specific examples by studying other examples.

c.formulate a generalization by studying specific examples.

In Fast Food Nation, the best reason that the author offers for the fast-food industry's strict regimen for productivity is that a.once an order is placed, glowing buttons suggest other menu items. b.company operation manuals can be updated more often. c.it gives the companies power over their employees. d.flashing lights can help tell employees what to do.

c.it gives the companies power over their employees.

Compared with Feldman's argument, the tale of "The Ring of Gyges" is best described as a? claim. counterclaim. umbrella statement. logical fallacy.

counterclaim.

Which of these statements best describes the ambiguity in this excerpt? a.It is unclear whether Oskar's mom is bothered by his questions. b.It is unclear whether the conversation is one they have had before. c.It is unclear whether or not Oskar's mom enjoys Ron's company. d.It is unclear whether the ring is from Ron or from Oskar's dad.

d.It is unclear whether the ring is from Ron or from Oskar's dad.

Which of the following statements support the claim in Freakonomics that "people are generally good even without enforcement"? a.Small offices are more honest than big ones. b.Unseasonably cold weather makes people cheat. c.Company morale is a major factor in honesty. d.Many people enjoy using the honor system.

d.Many people enjoy using the honor system.

Which idea from this paragraph supports the claim that "smaller offices are more honest than big ones"? a.Small offices generally pay better than larger offices. b.Large communities tend to have less crime. c.Large offices gather around the breakfast table. d.Small communities have more incentives against crime.

d.Small communities have more incentives against crime.

Which of the following choices best describes the rhetorical appeal used in this excerpt? a.The excerpt demonstrates logos because it is completely objective and lacking in emotion. b.The excerpt demonstrates logos because it contains statistics to support the author's claim. c.The excerpt demonstrates ethos because the author positions himself as an expert on the topic. d.The excerpt demonstrates pathos because the author presents a compelling story using emotional language.

d.The excerpt demonstrates pathos because the author presents a compelling story using emotional language.

Which of these statements best describes the ambiguity in this excerpt? a.It is unclear whether Oskar gets caught in the closet. b.It is unclear whether Oskar will sleep in the closet. c.The source of the laughter is unclear. d.The nature of the bruise is unclear.

d.The nature of the bruise is unclear.

Which line from Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close reveals a nostalgic tone? a.Even after a year, I still had an extremely difficult time doing certain things, like taking showers, for some reason, and getting into elevators, obviously. b.A lot of the time I'd get that feeling like I was in the middle of a huge black ocean, or in deep space, but not in the fascinating way. c.It's just that everything was incredibly far away from me. It was worst at night. I started inventing things, and then I couldn't stop, like beavers, which I know about. d.We used to Greco-Roman wrestle on the floor in there, and tell hilarious jokes, and once we hung a pendulum from the ceiling and put a circle of dominoes on the floor to prove that the earth rotated.

d.We used to Greco-Roman wrestle on the floor in there, and tell hilarious jokes, and once we hung a pendulum from the ceiling and put a circle of dominoes on the floor to prove that the earth rotated.

The author of Fast Food Nation claims that the fast-food industry prefers to employ teenagers. How does the author best support this claim? a.by providing evidence that teenagers are the bulk of the workforce in America because many still live at home b.by providing the counterclaim that teenagers typically leave behind their first jobs at fast-food chains for better opportunities c.by providing evidence that teenagers are better at smiling and promoting the increased size of an order d.by providing specific reasons why teenagers are ideal candidates, such as their acceptance of lower wages

d.by providing specific reasons why teenagers are ideal candidates, such as their acceptance of lower wages

The Taco Bell employee's quote supports Schlosser's argument in this excerpt because it? a.provides personal opinions about the working conditions in fast food restaurants. b.helps the reader visualize teenagers working in fast food restaurants. c.provides expert testimony about the nutritional quality of fast food. d.emphasizes the obsession with consistency and standardization in the fast food industry.

d.emphasizes the obsession with consistency and standardization in the fast food industry.

The evidence presented here supports the author's claim that fast food restaurants are like factories because the excerpt? a.explores the variety of items available at many fast food chains. b.describes the typical workday of a fast food employee. c.explains why teenagers like to work at fast food restaurants. d.illustrates the assembly line principle of making things faster.

d.illustrates the assembly line principle of making things faster.

Which best describes the authors' purpose in using a quotation from Adam Smith's book The Theory of Moral Sentiments? a.to highlight their knowledge of Scottish philosophers b.to prove that people are inherently dishonest c.to demonstrate that incentive is the driving force behind cheating d.to lend credibility and additional support to their conclusion

d.to lend credibility and additional support to their conclusion

The excerpt helps the authors support their conclusion by? evaluating a logical fallacy. providing statistical evidence. presenting logical statements. summarizing their claim.

evaluating a logical fallacy.

The excerpt serves as which type of support for the authors' argument? a claim a counterclaim evidence an umbrella statement

evidence

Which word best describes the tone of this excerpt? deceitful sentimental methodical respectful

methodical

Which best describes the type of evidence presented in this excerpt? analogical anecdotal statistical testimonial

testimonial

The excerpt helps the authors arrive at their conclusion by? restating their claim about cheating. presenting facts about the bagel business. providing statistical evidence. using deductive reasoning.

providing statistical evidence.

Which word from this excerpt most reveals the tone? panicky huge fascinating reality

reality

Which type of evidence does the author use in this excerpt? anecdotal statistical testimonial analogical

statistical

Which type of evidence is Schlosser using in this excerpt? anecdotal statistical testimonial analogical

testimonial

The author of Fast Food Nation claims that the fast-food industry prefers to employ underskilled workers. The author best offers support by providing?

✔ specific reasons such as the ability of de-skilled jobs to "be filled cheaply"

The authors prove Feldman's success by describing?

✔ the size of his business.