Exam Study Guide 2

The nurse is asked what advantage there is in including measurable objectives in a health education program. What is the best answer?

"Measurable objectives ensure easier evaluation."

The nurse knows that there are four stages in the natural history of a disease or health condition. Place the four stages in sequential order.

1)Susceptibility 2)Subclinical disease 3)Clinical disease 4)Recovery, disability, and death

The nurse is asked why it is important to teach psychomotor skills. What statement is the best answer?

"Most health topics involve some sort of "self-care" that the learner will need to do be able to do following the class."

Nurses work with individuals and families in most aspects of nursing care. Which interaction between the nurse and the client suggests the concept of "family as client"?

"Mrs. Munos, how has your husband's illness been affecting you and your family?"

What is the role of the community health nurse? (Select all that apply.)

Community-based health education, Providing health promotion interventions

What is the recommended reading level of medical literature?

Fourth to sixth grade

What best describes nursing care from a family strengths perspective?

Has a focus on reinforcing an area of strength in the family

Which group is more susceptible to health disparities and discrimination in health care systems? (Select all that apply.)

Unemployed persons Runaway teenagers Ethnic or racial minorities

The nurse is concerned that an elderly client may be a victim of abuse. Who is most likely to abuse an elder?

A family member

When designing a program for teens related to underage and binge drinking, primary prevention strategies would include (Select all that apply.):

A social marketing campaign in the community about the effects of underage drinking Conducting a parent meeting to share information on underage drinking in the community A preprom program demonstrating the effects of driving under the influence

When considering social learning theory, what patient-focused issue is considered most important for a person considering a change in a health-related behavior?

Ability to make the change

What is the primary goal of health promotion?

Affecting positive change to the health and well-being of individuals and communities

Which of these are signs an individual may have health literacy challenges? (Select all that apply.)

Misunderstands prescription medication instructions Is more passive in the clinical encounter and rarely asks questions Has difficulty completing health forms

What statement is true about social justice? Social justice refers to:

Sharing common burdens and advantages.

What is true of clients with low health literacy?

They are more likely to be hospitalized.

The desired outcome of health education is that the learner:

demonstrates permanent behavioral change.

The nurse is conducting a summative evaluation of a learning experience. This is also known as:

outcome evaluation.

According to the National Assessment of Adult Health Literacy. What percentage of adults in the United States have proficient health literacy skills?

12%

What percentage of the United States population does not even have a basic level of health literacy?

14%

A public health nurse is developing an educational brochure on diabetes for the community clinic. Which group has a higher propensity toward the health disparities of cancer and diabetes?

African American

The public health nurse at the detention facility meets for the first time with a 17-year-old who has committed a third offense of driving while under the influence. The nurse is aware of what?

Alcohol is the most frequently abused substance by adolescents in the United States.

The nurse understands that the term "prevalence" as used in epidemiology refers to:

All of the people with the particular health condition in a given population at a given point in time.

Which elder has the highest risk for abuse?

An 82-year-old female who has lost 10 pounds in the past 3 months, has incontinence, is in cognitive decline, and is refusing to seek medical care

What activities can the nurse use when performing a summative evaluation at a home visit? (Select all that apply.)

An observation of skills obtained, such as diabetes insulin administration., A final verbal quiz that incorporates elements taught during the home visits., A discussion of changes the individual or family has made over the course of the home visits., A final role-play that incorporates elements taught during the home visits.

The school nurse is conducting screening for adolescent alcohol use and abuse. Students with which characteristics would be more likely to engage in binge-drinking behaviors?

Are exhibiting signs of depression

Considering health literacy, what intervention will the nurse implement when providing a patient education on a newly prescribed medication?

Asking the patient to summarize the information that was provided

What strategies should a nurse employ when providing health teaching to a client? (Select all that apply.)

Check for understanding by frequently asking questions Organize the content into units or components of like or related content.

Collective action by a community to address the issue of underage drinking in adolescents would include: (Select all that apply.)

Community engagement Community empowerment to take action Coalition building within the community

Which intervention will provide the nurse with the best understanding of a family's health risks?

Conducting a family-focused health literacy assessment

The faith community nurse has many roles. Which of the faith community nurse roles would be most important for a family in crisis? (Select all that apply.)

Coordinator of volunteers Health counselor Referral agent Integrator of faith and health Advocate

How can the nurse create an environment that is conducive to learning?

Create an atmosphere of helpfulness.

What factors does the nurse understand are associated with increased risk of elder abuse? (Select all that apply.)

Dependence on others for physical cares Elder with dementia Increase in caregiver stress/strain

What principles can the nurse apply to maximize the teaching-learning process? (Select all that apply.)

Determine client attitudes toward the subject matter., Adapt teaching to the client readiness level., Make subject matter relevant to the client's interests.

Of the selected steps below, what is the correct order in developing an evaluation plan for community-level interventions?

Develop evaluation questions, identify where you will find the data you need, and plan how you will analyze your data.

What areas is health promotion focused on? (Select all that apply.)

Developing nursing interventions directed towards people's resources to maintain well-being, Maintaining or improving health of families and communities

A community health nurse is working with the nearby American Indian reservation to develop a program to reduce health disparities. What is a known health disparity of the American Indian that the nurse will want to address?

Diabetes

When does the evaluation of a community-implemented change begin?

During the planning stage

What is the most important role of the community health nurse?

Educator

Which factor is considered when determining social determinants of health? (Select all that apply.)

Employment history Place of birth Childhood experiences Age

Jade, who is 15 years old, has been stopping into the school nurse's office almost every day for the past 2 weeks during her second and third class periods complaining of stomach aches and headaches. Jade was referred to her primary care provider who identified no significant illness. Jade was able to attend classes after her doctor's visit, but a few days later she comes to the nurse after she is too stressed to attend class. She has been crying and tells the nurse that she feels like her friends and family would be better off without her. When questioned by the nurse, Jade admits that she is thinking about taking her own life. What is the nurse's priority action at this time?

Ensure Jade's immediate safety

A public health nurse is developing a program based on the goals of the government initiative Healthy People 2020. What is a health indicator the nurse may use as a part of the program? (Select all that apply.)

Exercise frequency Tobacco usage Substance abuse

Which statement is true about health literacy?

Experts recommend that all clients be treated as if they have low health literacy.

Which statement is true about the community health nurse?

Facilitates members of the community to take control of their health.

There are several types of elder abuse. An example of elder neglect would be:

Failure to provide for basic needs

The community/public health nurse is holding a seminar on teen suicide. Which statement by an attendee indicates that more teaching is needed?

Females are more likely than males to be victims of teen suicide.

The school nurse is preparing an education program for sixth to eighth graders in the middle school. In providing support for the program, the nurse shares with students that youth who drink are likely to have (Select all that apply.):

Fights with other students Higher absentee rates and poorer grades Suicide attempts Use of other substances

Providing information on services provided at a local free clinic is an example of supporting which patient need?

Health literacy

What intervention can be used to prevent adverse health consequences and empower vulnerable populations though the sharing of knowledge, skills, and information?

Health teaching

What is the source for established national objectives and health outcomes that guide health promotion in the United States?

Healthy People 2020

Developmentally, teens and young adults are at higher risk for suicide because of what normally occurring physiologic finding?

Immature Prefrontal Cortex

What are the risk factors for susceptibility to disease in vulnerable populations? (Select all that apply.)

Income Health status Relative risk Resource availability

Which factor contributes to the possibility of relapse back into a negative health behavior? (Select all that apply.)

Lacking effective coping skills, Experiencing a poor support system, Being depressed, Dealing with a high degree of personal stress

While working in the free clinic, the public health nurse is assessing a migrant farm worker who has an infection of the right hand. The nurse cleans the wound, applies antibiotic cream, and wraps the area to keep it clean. The nurse is conducting an assessment to determine if the client has any contributing factors related to health disparities. Which of these are contributing factors to health disparities? (Select all that apply.)

Language barriers No means of transportation A diagnosis of schizophrenia

What are the categories of faculty structure evaluation? (Select all that apply.)

Learner evaluation, Self-evaluation, Peer evaluation

What are factors learners should consider when evaluating a teacher? (Select all that apply.)

Listening comprehension, Use of assessment in class, Communication skills, Preparation, Quality of chosen materials

When considering the possibility of depression in an adolescent, which symptoms suggest that further investigation regarding depression is warranted? (Select all that apply.)

Loss of enjoyment in previous hobbies 2 weeks of feeling sad and irritable Decreased ability to concentrate in class or on homework Talking poorly about oneself

Each state has developed laws and regulations regarding reportable communicable diseases by health organizations and practitioners to the local health department. What does the community health nurse know to be reportable diseases? (Select all that apply.)

Measles Meningitis Syphilis

What statement about children and adolescent populations is true?

Of all children who are poor, 1/3 are African American.

What type of evaluation focuses of whether change objectives have been achieved?

Outcomes evaluation

Given a list of nursing interventions, identify the best intervention that facilitates capacity building among the vulnerable populations and their communities.

Patient advocate

The American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) annually publish recommended immunizations for various age groups. Which of the following are among the current recommended immunizations for children under 6 years of age? (Select all that apply.)

Polio Measles, mumps, rubella, Rotavirus Meningococcal

The patient is inquired about several different smoking cessation programs. When considering the transtheoretical model, in which stage of change is the patient currently?

Preparation

Health promotion and disease prevention are both focused on which level of intervention?

Primary

What is the goal of a community health assessment (CHA)? (Select all that apply.)

Prioritization of community-focused health interventions Identification of community health resources Effective assessment of existing community health problems Associating health need with possible community resource

Families have several functions that are essential for the maintenance and promotion of family health. Which family function is most closely related to a parental desire for children to visit extended family members such as grandparents to develop a sense of belonging?

Promoting affiliation

Which skill is fundamental to a nurse's ability to enhance a patient's health literacy?

Providing information in a manner that the patient can easily understand

The nurse wants to use the domains of effective teaching to help organize a teaching plan. What domains should the nurse consider? (Select all that apply.)

Psychomotor, Affective, Cognitive

Which is a past screening tool used by practitioners to assess health literacy?

Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) Test of Functional Health Literacy (TOFHLA)

What is included in health literacy? (Select all that apply.)

Reading skills, Cultural literacy, Scientific literacy

What is the data collected through public health surveillance by the U.S. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ultimately used for?

Reduction of morbidity and mortality among the population

When considering field change theory, what term is used to identify the stage where stabilization of a change occurs?

Refreezing

When the nurse has reasonable cause to believe elder abuse or neglect is present, reporting is required:

Regardless of the severity of abuse or neglect.

The president of the student council is concerned that peers are not aware of the various hotlines and resources available to them when struggling with early signs of depression or suicidal thinking. The student council developed and distributed a resource the size of a business card with phone numbers and websites to the student body with support from school administrators. This activity is associated with which level of prevention?

Secondary prevention

The ecomap is an assessment tool commonly used in family nursing. What is the purpose of an ecomap?

Show the relationships between the family and their environment

What are the responsibilities of a community health nurse to the families being served? (Select all that apply.)

Strive to eliminate disparities in the delivery of health care to families Promote the health literacy of family members Address issues affecting family health Advocate for family wellness.

Process evaluations focus on how well the program was implemented and looks at the processes, activities, and capacity building.

TRUE

Which population is most likely to experience low health literacy? (Select all that apply.)

Teenage girls who do not graduate from high school, Chinese immigrants, Adult Spanish-speaking females who are not fluent in English

What is the purpose of an epidemiological predictions and probabilities in relationship to health promotion?

They determine the focus of health promotion strategies.

The nurse is asked what is meant by "vulnerability" in the context of community health nursing. What is the best response?

Vulnerability is any factor that increases the chances for poor health.

Identify the model in epidemiology that the nurse knows is most appropriate for discussing noninfectious diseases.

Web of causation model

When considering health literacy associated with health risks, what is the public health nurse's primary concern?

Whether the individual or the community choices to implement or ignore the need for change

The school nurse is meeting with parents who are resistant to having their child receive the recommended immunizations. Their reason for not immunizing stems from information they read on various websites as well as social media that purports that vaccines are associated with the development of neurological disorders in children, particularly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism. Select the most appropriate response by the nurse to the parents to encourage immunization of the child for communicable childhood diseases.

Without immunizations, should there be an outbreak of communicable disease, such as measles, chicken pox, or influenza among children in our school or community, your child would not be immune to the disease, and these diseases can have serious and even detrimental long-term consequences.