Fall Physical Science semester exam
At which temperature are the particles in a pencil moving the fastest? Multiple choice question. A) 50°C B) 40°C C) 30°C D) 20°C
A) 50°C
Bars of different metals are all heated to 100°C to determine how their volume and length would be affected. Which statement describes the most likely outcome of this experiment? A) All of the volumes change and so do their lengths B) All of the volumes change, but the lengths remain the same C) The volumes and lengths do not change. D) All of the volumes change the same amount and the lengths remain constant
A) All of the volumes change and so do their lengths
Water has been left in a pot on a hot stove. Bubbles form throughout the liquid and rise to the top. Which type of change is this? A) boiling B) evaporating C) density D) condensation
A) boiling
During a hot shower, water vapor fogs up the cooler mirror when it turns to water. This is an example of _____. Multiple choice question. A) condensation B) deposition C) sublimation D) vaporization
A) condensation
A liquid thermometer works because liquid ________ when warmed. A) expands B) contracts C) Solidifies D) condenses
A) expands
When you add thermal energy to a cup of water the particles will do what. A) move faster B) move closer together C) slow down D) collide less frequently
A) move faster
Which of the following statements about the particles in a material is true? A) the average kinetic energy of the particles increase as the temperature increases. B) the average kinetic energy of the particles decrease as the temperature increases C) the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance never changes D) the there is no relationship between kinetic energy and temperature
A) the average kinetic energy of the particles as the temperature increases
Thermal energy is the sun of what
All the potential energy and kinetic energy of the object
Which properties describe elements that are nonmetal gases? Select all that apply. A) composed of an extended structure B) composed of individual atoms or diatomic molecules C) high melting point D) low melting point E) strong attractions between particles F) weak attractions between particles
B) composed of individual atoms or diatomic molecules D) low melting point E) strong attractions between particles
How water is poured into a mug and the gets hot. This is an example of which type of energy transfer? Do this is not an energy transfer
B) conduction
When temperature increases, average ________ increases. A) potential energy B) kinetic energy C) gravitational potential energy D) chemistry energy
B) kinetic energy
When a substance is heated, the particles gain energy and move apart, increasing the volume. The mass of the substance being heading. A) increases B) decreases C) Stays the same D) Varies unpredictably
C) stays the same
Ethanol has six hydrogen atoms, two carbon atoms, and one oxygen atom. What is the right chemical formula
C2H6O
When a liquid freezes, it's particles get _____. This could result from the pressure _____.
Closer together; increasing
During a hot shower, water vapor fogs up the cooler mirror when it turns to water. This is an example of what?
Condensation
Can you grab a bottle of water out of the refrigerator your hands get cold because of what
Conduction
A material who is particles composition allows heat and electricity to pass through it easily are described as having a high what
Conductivity
What transfers heat easily?
Conductor
When a pot of water is put on a stove the water at the surface get hot primarily by what?
Convection
When a pot of water is put on a stove, the water at the top gets hot primarily by
Conviction
Which is a property of metals as a result of their extended structures of atoms? A) are poor conductors of electricity B) dissolve in water C) have low melting points D) can be hammered into sheets
D) can be hammered into sheets
While a substance is boiling, its temperature ______. Multiple choice question. A) increases B) decreases C) does not change D) may increase or decrease, depending on the substance
D) may increase or decrease, depending on the substance
When water is heated on a stove, which kind of energy is transferred from the element to the water? Multiple choice question. A)element energy B)heat energy C)kinetic energy D)thermal energy
D) thermal energy
Marco put a pot of water on to boil eggs. Half an hour later, he returned to find the pot dry. This is an example of _____. Multiple choice question. A) condensation B) deposition C) sublimation D) vaporization Correct Answer
D) vaporization
Which of the following would be modeled by small particles made up of atoms of two kinds of elements? A) gold B) oxygen C) neon D) water
D) water
When two materials that are in contact have the same temperature, the materials are said to be in thermal———.
Equilibrium
Moms t materials do what when they are heated
Expand
Air is a good conductor of heat.
False
Forces between particles increases as the particles move faster and farther apart True False
False
If the same quantity of thermal energy is added to two different substances with the same mass, the substance with the lower specific heat will experience less of a temperature change. True False
False
Radiation transfer energy by moving matter. True False
False
Substances are either elements or mixtures True False
False
When a substance is cooled it usually expands True False
False
The a liquid boils, it's particles get____. This I May be due to the ____ in pressure
Further apart; decrease
In which state of matter there are very weak attractions between particles
Gas
Water can undergo a change of state from a liquid to _____ by decreasing the air pressure on its surface.
Gas
What changes are likely to happen to the particles inside a beaker with liquid water as thermal energy is removed
Get colder together Slow down
In general are ______ since they are composed of individual atoms or small molecules
Good conductors of heat
A substance has an extended structure composed of two different elements. The elements are a metal and a nonmetal. Which property would this substance most likely have?
Has night melting point
Aspartame is an artificial sweetener; it's formulas is C13H16N2O5. What element in the formula has the most number of atoms
Hydrogen
Thermal energy can do what even if the average kinetic energy is constant
Increase
As long as the temperature does not change, the volume _____ the pressure _____.
Increases, decreases
What does not transfer heat easily
Insulator
The temperature of a piece of iron increases more tha. That of a sample of water which the same mass when the same amount of thermal energy is added. This is because .
Iron has low specific heat
Vaporization occurs when a ____ changes into a ____ .
Liquid, gas
Because they have an extended structure, elements that are ____ tend to be in the ____ state at room temperature.
Metal Solid
Adding thermal energy to a cup of water can cause particles to do what
Move faster, get further apart
Kinetic energy is the energy of?
Movement
The forces of attraction between the particles of a matter sample are strong and draw particles together, keeping them in their place. This an example of what
Of the solid state of matter
What does oil not dissolve in water
Oiled is made of non polar molecules, and water is made of polar molecules
The molecules in water are farther apart in the molecules in ice. Therefore, the molecules in water have more what then the molecules in ice.
Potential energy
The amount of force that is everted on a balloon by the gas inside the balloon is what
Pressure
The measurement of force per unit area is called
Pressure
Particle motion and ice is what than particle motion and water
Slower
What two states of matter are in when ice is melting?
Sold and liquid
You can separate the particles that make up sugar from the particles that make up sand because sugar are_______________ and sand are not.
Soluble in water
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kgof a substance y 1%c is its
Specific heat
What is the evaporation of water an example of
State
In a chemical formula, the number of each type of atom in the compound is shown with numbers that are
Subscripts
The date of ,after of a material depends on its what?
Temperature
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material is____, while the result of the motion of all the particles, and the distance and the attractions between those particles in the system is ____ energy
Temperature Thermal
Condensation is when what happens
The change in state from gas to liquid
The boiling point is when what happens
The temperatures at which a liquid becomes a gas
A change in the state of matter is cased if what is added to or removed from an object
Thermal energy
A change in the state of matter occurs if enough____ is added or removed from on object
Thermal energy
Snow melts after a snowstorm because of addition of what
Thermal energy
Changes in temperature, pressure, and volume affect the behavior of gases more than they affect solids and liquids _______________. True False
True
Compared it to water, most metals have low specific heat
True
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance True False
True
The sum of potential energy and kinetic energy of an object is is thermal energy True False
True
Marco puts a pot of water onto boil eggs. After a few minutes, all the water was gone. This is an example of what
Vaporization
As the space in a container gets smaller, the _____ decreases.
Volume
In a gas, which quantities relates in such a way that when sone increases, the other one decreases?
Volume, pressure
All of the following are good conductors of heat expect Wood Aluminum Copper Silver
Wood
Which type of energy transfer is responsible for the movement of magma in Earth's interior?
conviction
Why is the ocean cold even in the summer?
has high specific heat
The energy of motion is called what?
kinetic energy
Which type of energy allows the sun to warm Earth?
radiation
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance is its
temperature
Temperature is a measure of what?
the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
The combined total of the kinetic and potential energy in a material is called _____.
thermal energy
A hot iron is turned off and cools down to room temperature. The iron cools because
thermal energy is transferred from the warm iron to the cooler room
Heat always flows from ____ object to ____ object
warmer, cooler cooler, colder
Thermal energy can increase even if the average kinetic energy is constant. • true • false
•true