Fall Physical Science semester exam

At which temperature are the particles in a pencil moving the fastest? Multiple choice question. A) 50°C B) 40°C C) 30°C D) 20°C

A) 50°C

Bars of different metals are all heated to 100°C to determine how their volume and length would be affected. Which statement describes the most likely outcome of this experiment? A) All of the volumes change and so do their lengths B) All of the volumes change, but the lengths remain the same C) The volumes and lengths do not change. D) All of the volumes change the same amount and the lengths remain constant

A) All of the volumes change and so do their lengths

Water has been left in a pot on a hot stove. Bubbles form throughout the liquid and rise to the top. Which type of change is this? A) boiling B) evaporating C) density D) condensation

A) boiling

During a hot shower, water vapor fogs up the cooler mirror when it turns to water. This is an example of _____. Multiple choice question. A) condensation B) deposition C) sublimation D) vaporization

A) condensation

A liquid thermometer works because liquid ________ when warmed. A) expands B) contracts C) Solidifies D) condenses

A) expands

When you add thermal energy to a cup of water the particles will do what. A) move faster B) move closer together C) slow down D) collide less frequently

A) move faster

Which of the following statements about the particles in a material is true? A) the average kinetic energy of the particles increase as the temperature increases. B) the average kinetic energy of the particles decrease as the temperature increases C) the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance never changes D) the there is no relationship between kinetic energy and temperature

A) the average kinetic energy of the particles as the temperature increases

Thermal energy is the sun of what

All the potential energy and kinetic energy of the object

Which properties describe elements that are nonmetal gases? Select all that apply. A) composed of an extended structure B) composed of individual atoms or diatomic molecules C) high melting point D) low melting point E) strong attractions between particles F) weak attractions between particles

B) composed of individual atoms or diatomic molecules D) low melting point E) strong attractions between particles

How water is poured into a mug and the gets hot. This is an example of which type of energy transfer? Do this is not an energy transfer

B) conduction

When temperature increases, average ________ increases. A) potential energy B) kinetic energy C) gravitational potential energy D) chemistry energy

B) kinetic energy

When a substance is heated, the particles gain energy and move apart, increasing the volume. The mass of the substance being heading. A) increases B) decreases C) Stays the same D) Varies unpredictably

C) stays the same

Ethanol has six hydrogen atoms, two carbon atoms, and one oxygen atom. What is the right chemical formula

C2H6O

When a liquid freezes, it's particles get _____. This could result from the pressure _____.

Closer together; increasing

During a hot shower, water vapor fogs up the cooler mirror when it turns to water. This is an example of what?

Condensation

Can you grab a bottle of water out of the refrigerator your hands get cold because of what

Conduction

A material who is particles composition allows heat and electricity to pass through it easily are described as having a high what

Conductivity

What transfers heat easily?

Conductor

When a pot of water is put on a stove the water at the surface get hot primarily by what?

Convection

When a pot of water is put on a stove, the water at the top gets hot primarily by

Conviction

Which is a property of metals as a result of their extended structures of atoms? A) are poor conductors of electricity B) dissolve in water C) have low melting points D) can be hammered into sheets

D) can be hammered into sheets

While a substance is boiling, its temperature ______. Multiple choice question. A) increases B) decreases C) does not change D) may increase or decrease, depending on the substance

D) may increase or decrease, depending on the substance

When water is heated on a stove, which kind of energy is transferred from the element to the water? Multiple choice question. A)element energy B)heat energy C)kinetic energy D)thermal energy

D) thermal energy

Marco put a pot of water on to boil eggs. Half an hour later, he returned to find the pot dry. This is an example of _____. Multiple choice question. A) condensation B) deposition C) sublimation D) vaporization Correct Answer

D) vaporization

Which of the following would be modeled by small particles made up of atoms of two kinds of elements? A) gold B) oxygen C) neon D) water

D) water

When two materials that are in contact have the same temperature, the materials are said to be in thermal———.

Equilibrium

Moms t materials do what when they are heated

Expand

Air is a good conductor of heat.

False

Forces between particles increases as the particles move faster and farther apart True False

False

If the same quantity of thermal energy is added to two different substances with the same mass, the substance with the lower specific heat will experience less of a temperature change. True False

False

Radiation transfer energy by moving matter. True False

False

Substances are either elements or mixtures True False

False

When a substance is cooled it usually expands True False

False

The a liquid boils, it's particles get____. This I May be due to the ____ in pressure

Further apart; decrease

In which state of matter there are very weak attractions between particles

Gas

Water can undergo a change of state from a liquid to _____ by decreasing the air pressure on its surface.

Gas

What changes are likely to happen to the particles inside a beaker with liquid water as thermal energy is removed

Get colder together Slow down

In general are ______ since they are composed of individual atoms or small molecules

Good conductors of heat

A substance has an extended structure composed of two different elements. The elements are a metal and a nonmetal. Which property would this substance most likely have?

Has night melting point

Aspartame is an artificial sweetener; it's formulas is C13H16N2O5. What element in the formula has the most number of atoms

Hydrogen

Thermal energy can do what even if the average kinetic energy is constant

Increase

As long as the temperature does not change, the volume _____ the pressure _____.

Increases, decreases

What does not transfer heat easily

Insulator

The temperature of a piece of iron increases more tha. That of a sample of water which the same mass when the same amount of thermal energy is added. This is because .

Iron has low specific heat

Vaporization occurs when a ____ changes into a ____ .

Liquid, gas

Because they have an extended structure, elements that are ____ tend to be in the ____ state at room temperature.

Metal Solid

Adding thermal energy to a cup of water can cause particles to do what

Move faster, get further apart

Kinetic energy is the energy of?

Movement

The forces of attraction between the particles of a matter sample are strong and draw particles together, keeping them in their place. This an example of what

Of the solid state of matter

What does oil not dissolve in water

Oiled is made of non polar molecules, and water is made of polar molecules

The molecules in water are farther apart in the molecules in ice. Therefore, the molecules in water have more what then the molecules in ice.

Potential energy

The amount of force that is everted on a balloon by the gas inside the balloon is what

Pressure

The measurement of force per unit area is called

Pressure

Particle motion and ice is what than particle motion and water

Slower

What two states of matter are in when ice is melting?

Sold and liquid

You can separate the particles that make up sugar from the particles that make up sand because sugar are_______________ and sand are not.

Soluble in water

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kgof a substance y 1%c is its

Specific heat

What is the evaporation of water an example of

State

In a chemical formula, the number of each type of atom in the compound is shown with numbers that are

Subscripts

The date of ,after of a material depends on its what?

Temperature

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material is____, while the result of the motion of all the particles, and the distance and the attractions between those particles in the system is ____ energy

Temperature Thermal

Condensation is when what happens

The change in state from gas to liquid

The boiling point is when what happens

The temperatures at which a liquid becomes a gas

A change in the state of matter is cased if what is added to or removed from an object

Thermal energy

A change in the state of matter occurs if enough____ is added or removed from on object

Thermal energy

Snow melts after a snowstorm because of addition of what

Thermal energy

Changes in temperature, pressure, and volume affect the behavior of gases more than they affect solids and liquids _______________. True False

True

Compared it to water, most metals have low specific heat

True

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance True False

True

The sum of potential energy and kinetic energy of an object is is thermal energy True False

True

Marco puts a pot of water onto boil eggs. After a few minutes, all the water was gone. This is an example of what

Vaporization

As the space in a container gets smaller, the _____ decreases.

Volume

In a gas, which quantities relates in such a way that when sone increases, the other one decreases?

Volume, pressure

All of the following are good conductors of heat expect Wood Aluminum Copper Silver

Wood

Which type of energy transfer is responsible for the movement of magma in Earth's interior?

conviction

Why is the ocean cold even in the summer?

has high specific heat

The energy of motion is called what?

kinetic energy

Which type of energy allows the sun to warm Earth?

radiation

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance is its

temperature

Temperature is a measure of what?

the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object

The combined total of the kinetic and potential energy in a material is called _____.

thermal energy

A hot iron is turned off and cools down to room temperature. The iron cools because

thermal energy is transferred from the warm iron to the cooler room

Heat always flows from ____ object to ____ object

warmer, cooler cooler, colder

Thermal energy can increase even if the average kinetic energy is constant. • true • false

•true