Family Nursing Exam 1

A nurse providing discharge teaching about oral rehydration to the parent of a preschooler who has dehydration. Which of the following statements by the parent indicate an understanding of the teaching? "I will offer my child a cup of oral rehydration fluid every time he has diarrhea." "I will give my child apple juice in between meals to keep him hydrated." "I will give my child bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast until his diarrhea subsides." "I will give my child chicken broth three times each day."

"I will offer my child a cup of oral rehydration fluid every time he has diarrhea." Stool losses should be replaced on a one to one basis with oral rehydration fluids to maintain electrolyte balances.

The nurse is reviewing instructions to a parent of a 6-year-old on how to prevent influenza. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I will get a flu shot and I will have my child get a flu shot too." b. "I will avoid having my child come into contact with sick children." c. "I will have my child wash her hands frequently during the flu season." d. "I will not let my child play with other children who have the flu unless they are taking acetaminophen.

d. "I will not let my child play with other children who have the flu unless they are taking acetaminophen.

A nurse is caring for a child who is dehydrated. Which of the following findings is consistent with severe dehydration? Absence of tears Capillary refill of 2 to 4 seconds Slightly increased heart rate Systolic blood pressure within expected parameters

Absence of tears is consistent with severe dehydration. Capillary refill of 2 to 4 seconds and slightly increased heart rate are consistent with moderate dehydration. Systolic blood pressure within expected parameters is consistent with mild dehydration.

After what age is erect head posture expected?

4 months

This is the age you should introduce solid foods

6 months

This is the age you would expect the infant to roll from back to front and hold a bottle.

6 months (rolls from front to back by 5 months)

How many teeth should children have at 12 months?

6-8 teeth

The age you would expect the infant to begin using pincer grasp

8 months

When does the posterior fontanel close?

8 weeks

A nurse is preparing to assess a preschooler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prepare the child? A. Allow the child to role-play using miniature equipment. B. Use medical terminology to describe what will happen. C. Separate the child from the caregiver during the examination. D. Keep medical equipment visible to the child.

A. Allow the child to role-play using miniature equipment.

A nurse is assisting a group of guardians of adolescents to develop skills that will improve communication within the family. The nurse hears one guardian state, "My son knows he better do what I say." Which of the following parenting styles is the parent exhibiting? A. Authoritarian B. Permissive C. Authoritative D. Passive

A. Authoritarian

A nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on adolescent. Which of the following responses should the nurse expect the adolescent to exhibit when assessing the trigeminal nerve? (Select all that apply) A. Clenching teeth together tightly B. Recognizing sour tastes on the back of the tongue C. Identifying smells through each nostril D. Detecting facial touches with eyes closed E. Looking down and in with the eyes

A. Clenching teeth together tightly D. Detecting facial touches with eyes closed (B is glossopharyngeal C is olfactory D is trochlear)

A nurse is performing family assessment. Which of the following should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. Medical history B. Parents' education level C. Child's physical growth D. Support systems E. Stressors

A. Medical history B. Parents' education level D. Support systems E. Stressors

What is the ACHES acronym for birth control adverse effects?

Abdominal Pain Chest Pain Headache (severe) Eyes (visual disturbances) Severe leg (calf) pain

A nurse is reviewing strategies to promote comfort with a client who received an immunization. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A. Massage the injection site. B. Apply a cool compress to the injection site. C. Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen D. Use the affected extremity. E. Apply an antimicrobial ointment to the injection site.

B. Apply a cool compress to the injection site. C. Take acetaminophen or ibuprofen D. Use the affected extremity.

A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following reflexes should the infant exhibit? A. Moro B. Plantar grasp C. Stepping D. Tonic neck

B. Plantar grasp (Exhibited until 8 months)

WHICH TYPE OF FAMILY-NURSE CONTACT WILL PROVIDE YOU WITH THE BEST OPPORTUNITY TO OBSERVE FAMILY DYNAMICS? a Clinic consultation b. Group conference C Home visit d. Written communication

C Home visit

A nurse is preparing to administer a varicella immunization to a client. Which of the following questions by the nurse is appropriate? A. "Are you allergic to eggs?" B. "Are you allergic to baker's yeast?" C. "Are you pregnant?" D. "Do you have a history of Guillain-Barré syndrome?"

C. "Are you pregnant?"

A nurse is preparing to administer an IM of immune globulin to a client who has been injection exposed to hepatitis A. Which of the following statements by the nurse is appropriate? A. "This medication offers permanent immunity to hepatitis A." B. "This medication involves three injections over several months." C. "This medication provides you with an immune response more quickly than your body can produce it." D. "This medication contains an attenuated virus to help your body create antibodies."

C. "This medication provides you with an immune response more quickly than your body can produce it."

Nurse Kelly is teaching the parents of a young child how to handle poisoning. If the child ingests poison, what should the parents do first? a. Administer ipecac syrup b. Call an ambulance immediately C. Call the poison control center d. Punish the child for being bad

C. Call the poison control center

A nurse is checking the vital signs of a 3-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?" A. Temperature 37.2° C (99.0° F) B. Heart rate 106/min C. Respirations 30/min D. Blood pressure 88/54 mm Hg

C. Respirations 30/min

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about administering IM injections to children. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? "You should use the deltoid muscle for intramuscular injections in young infants." "Insert the needle at a 60-degree in angle for an intramuscular injection." "Do not inject more than 1 milliliter for an intramuscular injection in infants." "You should aspirate for blood when administering intramuscular vaccines."

"Do not inject more than 1 milliliter for an intramuscular injection in infants." Young or small infants might not tolerate more than 0.5 mL of medication per injection due to small muscle size.

A nurse manager on a pediatric unit is preparing an education program on working with families for a group of newly hired nurses. Which of the following should the nurse include when discussing the developmental theory? A. Describes that stress is inevitable B. Emphasizes that change with one member affects the entire family C. Provides guidance to assist families adapting to stress D. Defines consistencies in how families change

D. Defines consistencies in how families change

A nurse is preparing to administer potassium IV to a preschooler who has dehydration. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Ensure the child has voided prior to administration. Administer the medication IV bolus over 5 min. Administer calcium gluconate prior to the medication. Withhold food high in potassium for 24 hr following the medication.

Ensure the child has voided prior to administration. A nurse should ensure the child has voided prior to the administration of potassium because potassium is excreted though the urinary system. If a child has renal impairment, potassium will not be able to leave the body, leading to hyperkalemia.

Why do breastfeeding women get progesterone only pills?

Estrogen in the pills can affect milk supply

T/F: Pregnant women can get the varicella vaccine

False

T/F: The common cold or other mild illness is a contraindication for an immunization

False

What allergy is contraindicated for the MMR and varicella vaccine?

Gelatin

How long of a needle should be used for children up through school age?

Generally 1 inch

What medical condition is contraindicated for the influenza vaccine?

Guillain Barre

What medical condition is contraindicated for the varicella vaccine?

HIV, some cancers

This immunization series begins at birth (the only one) and has a total of 3 doses

Hepatitis B

This vaccination is routinely recommended at age 11-12 years (can start at age 9 years). It is a 2- or 3-dose series depending on age at initial vaccination

Human Papilloma Virus (Gardasil 9)

What is a contraindication for diaphrams?

Hx of Toxic Shock or cervicitis

Do the respirations of a severely dehydrated child increase or decrease?

Increase A child who has severe dehydration will exhibit hyperpnea, which is deep and rapid respiration.

What ages do children coo?

It begins at birth and continues until 2 months. It is considered the first vocal milestone of a baby. Cooing is the production of a single syllable, vowel-like sound like "aah".

Should you give antitussives for whooping cough?

No

A nurse is preparing to administer 5 mL of oral liquid medication to a 10-month-old infant. Which of the following devices should the nurse use to measure the medication? General use dropper Household teaspoon Oral syringe Paper medication cup

Oral syringe

If a child comes to the clinic for a well-child visit __________would be a reason to delay/reschedule immunizations.

Severe reaction to a prior vaccine High fever Immunocompromised (could include from high dose steroids)

What serious respiratory sound is often heard with whooping cough?

Stridor

T/F: An anaphylactic reaction to a vaccine is a contraindication

True

T/F: Moderate to severe illness (with or without fever) is a contraindication for an immunization

True

T/F: Offering fruit juices such as apple juice does not help with diarrhea because they have high osmolality and contain a high amount of carbohydrates.

True

T/F: Pregnant women can get the influenza vaccine

True

T/F: Pregnant women can get the TDaP vaccine

True, reccommended b/t 27-36 weeks gestation

A 6-month old baby is in this Erickson's stage of development.

Trust v mistrust

Describe passive parenting style

Uninvolved, indifferent, emotionally removed

How many doses are in the Hep A series?

Usually one, two for high-risk individuals

How many doses are in the Hep B series?

Usually two, three for high-risk individuals

These two vaccinations begin at 12 months and are repeated at 4-6 years of age (typically before entering kindergarten).

Varicella and MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella)

The age you would expect the infant/toddler to manage a spoon without rotation.

What is 18 months? (This is also the age they will turn pages in a book (2-3 at a time), runs clumsily, throws a ball overhand and builds a tower of 3-4 blocks.)

This is the age you would expect the child to use multiword sentences by putting 2-3 words together

What is 2 years old? Language increases to between 50-300 words by 2 years old. (Receptive versus expressive language)

The anterior fontanelle closes by ________ months and the posterior fontanelle closes by________ months

What is 2-3 and 12-18 months?

Name one example of a child's age that would be in Erickson's Industry versus Inferiority stage of development.

What is 6-12 years old (School-Aged child)

The parent of a 4-year-old son tells the nurse that the child believes "monsters and boogeyman" are in his bedroom at night. The nurse's best suggestion for coping with this problem is to: a. Insist that the child sleep with his parents until the fearful phase passes. b. Suggest involving the child to find a solution such as a night light. c. Help the child understand that these fears are illogical. d. Tell the child frequently that monsters and boogeyman do not exist.

b. Suggest involving the child to find a solution such as a night light.

11. Which intervention should the nurse suggest to the parents of a 12-month-old as the most effective way to reduce the incidence of early-childhood dental caries (tooth decay)? a. Encourage parents to give the child a bottle of juice at bedtime. b. Advise the parents to begin regular visits to the dentist. c. Advise the parents to provide a pacifier instead of a bottle at bedtime. d. Encourage parents to brush the child's teeth daily.

c. Advise the parents to provide a pacifier instead of a bottle at bedtime.

Which is the most appropriate anticipatory guidance to give parents relative to food allergies in infants? a. Document episodes of fussiness following eating. b. Instruct parents to read all baby food labels carefully. c. Allow at least 3-5 days between the introductions of new foods. d. Instruct the parents on how to make their own baby food.

c. Allow at least 3-5 days between the introductions of new foods.

A nurse is preparing to care for a 5-year-old who has been placed in traction following a fracture of the femur. The nurse plans care, knowing that which of the following is the most appropriate activity for this child? a. Large picture books b. A radio c. Crayons and coloring book A sports video

c. Crayons and coloring book

The abnormal finding in an evaluation of growth and development for a 6-month-old infant who weighed 7 pounds 3 ounces at birth would be: a. Current weight of 15 pounds 2 ounces. b. Length increase of 1 inch in 2 months. c. Head lag present. d. Can sit alone for a few seconds.

c. Head lag present.

The parents of a 17-year-old male are concerned about his recent attitude changes, physical changes, and lack of interest in eating. Which intervention should the nurse consider first? a. Refer to a family counselor, so the family can work together on the changes. b. Ask the parents whether they have alcohol in the home. c. Tell the physician to order drug screens to check for substance abuse. d. Ask the teen privately whether he is using any substances such as drugs or alcohol

d. Ask the teen privately whether he is using any substances such as drugs or alcohol

A 15-year-old mother of a 2-month-old infant says, "My baby cries all the time. I just don't know what to do." A response by the nurse that could positively influence the infant and mother would be to: a. Suggest the mother speak to the social worker about giving the baby up for adoption. b. Teach the mother to feed the infant when she cries. c. Tell the mother to make sure that the baby's blankets are loose so the baby is comfortable. d. Encourage the mother to call the office if she gets frustrated and does not know what to do

d. Encourage the mother to call the office if she gets frustrated and does not know what to do

Nursing assessment of a 14-year-old reveals a BMI in the 90th percentile and a lifestyle that includes spending 4 hours a day playing video games and eating supper while watching television. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this adolescent? a. Fatigue related to malnutrition b. Disturbed Body Image related to distorted perception of body size and shape c. Delayed Growth and Development related to inappropriate intake d. Imbalanced Nutrition: More than Body Requirements related to excessive intake and sedentary lifestyle

d. Imbalanced Nutrition: More than Body Requirements related to excessive intake and sedentary lifestyle

The mother of a toddler with mumps asks the nurse what she needs to watch for in her child with this disease. The nurse bases the response on the understanding that mumps is which type of communicable disease? a. Skin rash caused by a virus b. Skin rash caused by a bacteria c. Respiratory disease caused by virus involving the lymph nodes d. Respiratory disease caused by a virus involving the parotid gland

d. Respiratory disease caused by a virus involving the parotid gland

What is head lag?

demonstrated when the head is not righted but lags posteriorly behind the trunk as a result of poor head and neck control

Why is the dorsal gluteal site not used for pediatric IM injections?

due to the risk of nerve damage

What kinds of pediatric medication dosages are based on BSA (body surface area)?

high-risk medications—such as chemotherapy drugs

Solitary play evolves into this type of play in toddlers.

parallel play

Competitive and cooperative play are predominant in this age group

school aged children (6-12)

What is the light reflex (AKA red reflex)?

see in a darkened room Use ophthalmoscope Sit about half a metre (50 cm) away. Encourage the child to look at the light source and direct the light at the child's eyes individually and together. You should see an equal and bright red reflex from each pupil. It should be identical in both eyes . Any difference between the eyes, an absence of the red reflex or an abnormal color may indicate a serious illness

____, typically becomes evident around 6-8 months when infants have the ability to discriminate between familiar and unfamiliar people

stranger fear

Are the MMR and varicella vaccines IM or subQ?

subQ

What is prehension ability?

the ability of the thumb to oppose the fingers. Two types of grip may be described, 'precision' involving the thumb and fingers and 'power', involving the whole hand

What is the moro reflex?

the startle reflex where the nurse holds the baby and lets it "drop" in her hands and the baby's legs and arms move up in a startle motion/crying

Describe the rooting reflex

this is when the baby turns their head towards a stimulus when their cheek or corner of their lips are touched (goes away in 3-4 months)

Describe the tonic neck reflex

this is when the neck is turned to the side the baby assumes the fencing posture (think of the sport fencing) (Birth-4 months)

Describe the babinski reflex

this is when the sole of the foot is stroked from the heel to the ball the toes hyperextend and fan apart from the big toe (birth-18 months)

What medical condition is contraindicated for the MMR vaccine?

thrombocytopenia

Physiological anorexia often occurs in this age group resulting in them becoming fussy eaters due to decreased appetites

toddlers

The age you would expect the infant/toddler to walk without assistance

15 months (At this age they should also be creeping up the stairs, using a cup well and building a tower of 2 blocks)

These are the typical ages for the first two doses of Rotavirus, DTaP, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13), Inactivated Polio Virus

2 and 4 months

By 24 months, children should be saying how many word phrases?

2-3

when do babies stop using pacifiers?

2-4 years

A 14 year old would be in this Erikson's stage of development

What is Identity versus role confusion

An 18 month old would be in this Erickson's stage of development

What is autonomy versus shame and doubt

This is the typical growth in terms of weight gain during the first year of life

What is double their birth weight and triple it at one year

A 2-month-old infant, born at 38 weeks of gestation, will hold a rattle if it is put in her hands, but she will not voluntarily grasp it. The nurse should interpret this as: a. Normal development. b. Significant developmental lag. c. Slightly delayed development caused by prematurity. d. Suggestive of a neurologic disorder such as cerebral palsy.

a. Normal development.

Describe permissive parenting style

Parents exert little or no control over their child's behaviors, and consult the child while making decisions

Describe dictorial or authoritarian parenting style

Parents try to control the child's behaviors and attitudes through unquestioned rules and expectations

"the child may watch TV whenever they wish" is an example of what parenting style?

Passive

"The child assists with deciding whether they will watch TV" is an example of what parenting style?

Permissive

Describe the palmar grasp

Pressure stimulus against palm results in grasping of object with slow release (birth- 4 months)

Describe the plantar grasp

Pressure stimulus to sole or lowering of feet to floor results in curling of toes (Birth-8 months)

How long is an ovulated egg viable?

24 hours

A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who is to receive an immunization. The client asks about contraindications to immunizations. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "The use of insulin is a contraindication." B. "An anaphylactic reaction is a for administration of any type of immunization contraindication C. "The common cold is a contraindication for receiving an immunization." D. "Your provider will weigh the risks if you have experienced any adverse effects

D. "Your provider will weigh the risks if you have experienced any adverse effects

A nurse is assessing a child's ears. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Light reflex is located at the 2 o'clock position. B. Tympanic membrane is red in color. C. Bony landmarks are not visible. D. Cerumen is present bilaterally.

D. Cerumen is present bilaterally. (light reflex should be at 5 or 7oclock position)

This is the first form of verbal communication

crying

Describe democratic or authoratative parenting style

Parents direct the child's behavior by setting rules and explaining the reason for each rule setting while negatively enforcing deviations from the rules

A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child who has severe dehydration. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? 10% weight loss Respiratory rate 18/min Capillary refill 3 seconds Urine output 24 mL/hr

10% weight loss A child who has severe dehydration will exhibit a weight loss of 10% or greater due to extreme fluid loss.

When does the anterior fontanel close?

12-18 months

The age you would expect an infant to raise their head and shoulder off the mattress when prone with only slight head lag noted

3 months

Name one example of a child's age that would be in Erickson's Initiative versus guilt stage of development

3-5 years old (Preschool age)

What does the family systems theory describe?

Change with one family member affects the entire family

"The child is never allowed to watch television on school nights" is an example of what parenting style?

Dictatorial or authoritarian

T/F: Pregnant women can get the MMR vaccine

False

Sleep deprivation is a concern for many in this age group necessitating conversations with them regarding the importance of sleep and healthy habits

adolescents

At a 2-year-old's checkup, measurement of weight indicates that the infant has lost 4 pounds since his last checkup. What should the nurse do first? a. Plot the weight on a growth chart. b. Assess the child for signs of malnutrition. c. Reweigh the child. d. Ask the mother about the child's daily intake.

c. Reweigh the child.

When assessing development in a 9-month-old infant, the nurse would expect to observe the infant: a. speaking in 2-word sentences. b. grasping objects with palmar grasp. c. creeping along the floor. d. beginning to use a spoon rather sloppily.

c. creeping along the floor.

The most appropriate activity to recommend to parents to promote sensorimotor stimulation for a 1-year-old would be to: a. ride a tricycle. b. spend time in an infant swing. c. play with push-pull toys. d. read large picture books.

c. play with push-pull toys.

"The child can watch TV for 1 hour on school nights after completing all homework and chores" is an example of what parenting style?

democratic or authoratative

"The privilege is taken away but later reinstated on new guidelines" is an example of what parenting style?

democratic or authoratative

A 16-year-old boy is hospitalized. According to Erik Erikson, what is an appropriate intervention? a. Encourage him to have friends visit when appropriate. b. Encourage the boy to learn missed school lessons c. Call the priest to intervene and visit him. d. Encourage the parents to room in with him.

a. Encourage him to have friends visit when appropriate.

Monosyllabic babbling occurs begins at what months?

3 and 6 months of age. The infant starts to produce vowels and combines them with consonants, producing syllables (e.g., ba, da, la, ga). An infant should be babbling away by now, and those babbles might even be starting to sound like real words. Five-month-olds can begin to put consonant and vowel sounds together.

How long can sperm live in the vagina?

3-5 days

Linking syllables together when communicating begins between what months?

6 and 9 months At 18 months, most toddlers use two-word combinations. Some toddlers may combine words as early as 15 months. Factors that affect when toddlers begin combining words include when they produce their first word when they understand 50 words, and the responsiveness of caregivers at 12 months.

How long do diaphragms need to be left in the vagina after sex?

6 hours

What is the expected HR range for a 2yr old?

70-110 BMP

Using simple words such as "mama" begins between what months?

9 and 12 months. While it can happen as early as 10 months, by 12 months, most babies will use "mama" and "dada" correctly (she may say "mama" as early as eight months, but she won't be actually referring to her mother), plus one other word. That third word can be what's called a "word approximation."

A 1-year old child is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of pertussis. Which transmission- based precautions should the nurse initiate? a. Droplet b. Airborne c. Contact d. Standard

a. Droplet

A HOME HEALTH NURSE IS VISITING AN ASIAN FAMILY. A MARRIED COUPLE, THEIR THREE CHILDREN, AND THE MATERNAL GRANDPARENTS ALL LIVE IN THE HOME. HOW SHOULD THE NURSE INTERPRET THE PRESENCE OF THE GRANDPARENTS IN THE HOME? a. The parents have diffuse boundaries and have allowed the grandparental subsystem to be present. b. The grandparental subsystem is not successfully managing separation from the parental subsystem. C Extended family living arrangements are common in some cultures. d The nuclear family living arrangement is the preferred environment for childrearing.

C Extended family living arrangements are common in some cultures.

AN ADOLESCENT, HIS MOTHER, AND HIS SOON-TO-BE STEPFATHER HAVE BEEN IN COUNSELING WITH THE NURSE. WHICH STATEMENT BY THE NURSE FOSTERS POSITIVE RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN THIS NEW FAMILY STRUCTURE? a. "Your son should be consistently disciplined by only one parent." b. "You should not have any more children because your son will need your full attention." C. "You need to keep the lines of communication open between all of you." d. "Allow your son to make his own choices because this new situation will be stressful."

C. "You need to keep the lines of communication open between all of you."

Which would be the best response to the mother of a 13-year-old boy who continues to ask to ride his 16-year-old cousin's all-terrain vehicle? a. Emphasize that if he wears safety apparel and has adult supervision, it is fine. b. Explain to the mother that he is developing increased physical skills and, if he wears safety apparel and shows maturity, it should be fine. C. Discuss that all-terrain vehicles are not recommended for those younger than 16 years of age. d. Discuss with the mother that this is a stage where the child is seeking independence and should be allowed to participate in new physical activities.

C. Discuss that all-terrain vehicles are not recommended for those younger than 16 years of age.

A PARENT STATES THAT SHE IS HAVING A CONFLICT WITH HER TODDLER WHO SEEMS TO "ALWAYS WANT TO DO THINGS HIS WAY." HE INSISTS ON PUTTING ON HIS RIGHT SOCK AND SHOE BEFORE HIS LEFT AND HAS A TANTRUM IF THE PARENT TRIES TO PUT ON THE LEFT SOCK AND SHOE FIRST. THE PARENT ASKS THE NURSE WHY THE CHILD IS ACTING THIS WAY. WHAT WOULD BE THE BEST RESPONSE BY THE NURSE? a. Explain to the child that it really doesn't matter which sock and shoe is donned first b. Put the child in "time-out" for the appropriate time. C. Explain that this is normal ritualistic behavior at this age d. Let the child walk barefoot and take the shoes away.

C. Explain that this is normal ritualistic behavior at this age

WHAT IS THE FOCUS OF FAMILY CENTERED NURSING? a. Caring for the expectant family b. Strengthening the family unit C. Promoting the health of the family as a unit and the health of the individual member d. Providing care outside the hospital for family members

C. Promoting the health of the family as a unit and the health of the individual member

THE NURSE HAS RECENTLY BEEN EMPLOYED IN A LONG-TERM CARE FACILITY AND MUST LEARN GERONTOLOGIC PRINCIPLES RELATED TO FAMILIES. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS ONE OF THOSE PRINCIPLES? a. Role reversal is usually expected and well accepted by the elderly client. b. The care-givers are often not members of the family. C. Social support systems are likely to be different from those of clients in younger age groups. d Members of later-life families do not have to work on developmental tasks

C. Social support systems are likely to be different from those of clients in younger age groups.

A parent brings a preschooler to the emergency department for treatment of a dislocated shoulder, which allegedly happened when the child fell down the stairs. Which action should make the nurse suspect that the child was abused? a. The child cries uncontrollably throughout the examination. b. The child pulls away from contact with the physician. C. The child doesn't cry when the shoulder is examined. d. The child doesn't make eye contact with the nurse.

C. The child doesn't cry when the shoulder is examined. (They are used to pain)

T/F: chicken broth is an adequate fluid replacer in children with dehydration

False, Chicken broth and other broths should be avoided because they contain little nutritional value and are high in sodium.

T/F: the BRAT diet should be used for children with acute diarrhea

False, The BRAT diet of bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast is contraindicated for children who have acute diarrhea because the diet has little nutritional value.

T/F: medications can be mixed into formula or breast milk in a bottle

False, This could lead to the infant refusing feedings in the future. Additionally, if the infant does not finish the entire content of the bottle, they only receive a partial dose.

T/F: hospitalized children with chickenpox only need contact precautions

False, they need need contact and airborne precautions

How long of a needle should be used for infants and young toddlers?

In general, use a 5/8-inch needle

A nurse is planning atraumatic care for a preschool-aged child. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) Insert an intravenous catheter in the child's room. Perform nursing assessments outside of the play area. Apply EMLA cream before administering and intramuscular injection. Ask the child's parents to leave the room during a procedure. Explain a procedure using the child's favorite toy. Use phrases such as "bee sting" and "stick" to describe the injection.

Perform nursing assessments outside of the play area. Apply EMLA cream before administering and intramuscular injection. Explain a procedure using the child's favorite toy. Performing the procedure in a designated procedure room will help the child feel safe while in their room or play area. Applying EMLA cream before administering an injection will assist in decreasing the child's pain during the procedure. Parents should remain with the child during a procedure to help reduce anxiety. Using play therapy to explain a procedure will assist the child in learning about the procedure. Children can interpret terms literally, which could cause an increase in anxiety.

A nurse is preparing to obtain a stool specimen for Clostridium difficile from a preschool age child who is wearing diaper briefs because of recent occurences of diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Insert the swab 2.5 cm (1 in) into the rectum for 30 seconds. Place a specimen of 2 different stools in the container for the test. Put the stool sample in a sterile container before sending it to the laboratory. Place a urinary collection bag on the child before collecting the stool specimen

Place a urinary collection bag on the child before collecting the stool specimen The nurse should place a urinary collection bag on the child to avoid contaminating the stool specimen with urine.

What is primary vs. secondary STI prevention?

Primary: vaccinate against HPV Secondary: screenings for STIs

A nurse is caring for an 18-month-old child who has a prescription for a medication to be administered by intramuscular injection. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform? Plan to administer the injection while the child is sleeping. Use the dorsal gluteal site to administer the medication. Choose a 1.5- to 2-inch needle. Restrain the toddler while administering the injection.

Restrain the toddler while administering the injection. The nurse should never administer an injection to a sleeping child. The child should be awakened first and given a brief explanation immediately before the medication is administered. The child needs to know that they are always safe when they are sleeping. For infants and toddlers, the preferred injection sites include the vastus lateralis or ventrogluteal. The dorsal gluteal site should not be used due to the risk of nerve damage. For a toddler, the nurse should use an 0.5- to 1-inch needle to administer an injection.

What are Koplik spots?

Seen with Rubeola or measles. They appears 2 days prior to onset of rash. Presents on oral mucosa as white spots with blue rings within red spots. Happens in 1/3 of cases.

T/F: The deltoid muscle should not be used in children younger than 18 months of age

True

T/F: droppers are an imprecise delivery method for medication

True, Only droppers that are provided with a medication should be used, and then only for that particular medication.

T/F: Children are at a greater risk of dehydration than adults

True, because their greatest portion of body fluid is in the extracellular space, which places them at a higher risk for fluid loss

A nurse is planning to administer an IM medication to a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? Draw the medication up using a 3-mL syringe. Use a needle that is 1 ¼ inches long. Apply lidocaine cream to the site 10 min prior to the injection. Use a 25-gauge needle for the injection.

Use a 25-gauge needle for the injection.

How to tell if conjunctivitis is bacterial or viral

Viral pink eye usually starts in one eye following a cold or respiratory infection and causes watery discharge. Bacterial pink eye can affect one or both eyes and usually starts with a respiratory or ear infection

When do diaphragms need to be refitted?

Weight change of greater than 10 pounds , after a baby

A mother of a child brings the child to a clinic and reports that the child has a fever and has developed a rash on the neck and trunk. Roseola is diagnosed, and the mother is concerned that her other children will contract the disease. Which instruction should the nurse reinforce to the mother to prevent the transmission of the disease? a. "Disease transmission is unknown." b. "The disease is transmitted through the urine and feces, so the other children should use a separate bathroom." c. "The disease is transmitted through the respiratory tract, so the child should be isolated from the other children as much as possible." d. "The disease is transmitted by contact with body fluids, so any items contaminated with body fluids need to discarded in a separate receptacle.

a. "Disease transmission is unknown."

IT IS TIME TO GIVE 3-YEAR-OLD DAVID HIS MEDICATION. WHICH APPROACH IS MOST LIKELY TO RECEIVE A POSITIVE RESPONSE? a. "Hi David! It's time for your medication now. Would you like water or apple juice afterward?" b. "Wouldn't you like to take your medicine, David?" C. "You must take your medicine, David, because the doctor says it will make you better." d. "See how nicely John took his medicine? Now take yours."

a. "Hi David! It's time for your medication now. Would you like water or apple juice afterward?"

What is an important consideration in preventing injuries during middle childhood? a. Achieving social acceptance is a primary objective. b. The incidence of injuries in girls is significantly higher than it is in boys. c. Injuries from burns are the highest at this age because of fascination with fire. d. Lack of muscular coordination and control results in an increased incidence of injuries.

a. Achieving social acceptance is a primary objective.

KATIE, 4 YEARS OLD, IS ADMITTED TO OUTPATIENT SURGERY FOR REMOVAL OF A CYST ON HER FOOT. HER MOTHER PUTS THE HOSPITAL GOWN ON HER, BUT KATIE IS CRYING BECAUSE SHE WANTS TO LEAVE ON HER UNDERPANTS. WHAT IS THE MOST APPROPRIATE ACTION? a. Allow her to wear her underpants. b. Discuss with her mother why this is important to Katie. C. Ask her mother to explain to her why she cannot wear them. d. Explain in a kind, matter-of-fact manner that this is hospital policy. Channel 4

a. Allow her to wear her underpants.

A maternity nurse is providing instruction to a new mother regarding the psychosocial development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the nurse would instruct the mother to: a. Allow the newborn infant to signal a need and then respond. b. Anticipate all of the needs of the newborn infant c. Avoid the newborn infant during the first 10 minutes of crying d. Allow the infant to cry, once lessen, then attend to the infant

a. Allow the newborn infant to signal a need and then respond.

A 10-month-old female is carried into the emergency department by her parents after she fell down 15 stairs in her walker. Which would be your highest priority nursing intervention? a. Assess airway while simultaneously maintaining cervical spine precautions. b. Assess airway, breathing, and circulation simultaneously. c. Prepare for diagnostic radiological testing to check for any injuries. d. Obtain venous access and draw blood for testing.

a. Assess airway while simultaneously maintaining cervical spine precautions.

WHICH APPROACH WOULD BE BEST TO USE TO ENSURE A POSITIVE RESPONSE FROM A TODDLER? a. Assume an eye-level position and talk quietly. b. Call the toddler's name while picking him or her up. Call the toddler's name and say, "I'm your nurse." Stand by the toddler, addressing him or her by name..

a. Assume an eye-level position and talk quietly.

The nurse is assessing a child with conjunctivitis (pink eye). Which of the following would the nurse most likely assess? a. Crusting of eyelids and eyelashes b. Periorbital edema c. Severe eye pain d. Serous drainage from the affected eye

a. Crusting of eyelids and eyelashes Purulent exudate and crusting are characteristics of conjunctivitis. Therefore, the nurse would most likely assess crusting of eyelids and eyelashes. Conjunctivitis associated with foreign body can cause severe eye pain. Serous drainage and periorbital edema are not associated with conjunctivitis

The nurse of a well-baby clinic prepares to administer an immunization to a child. The mother of the child tells the nurse that the child has had a fever and is taking antibiotics. The nurse takes the child's temperature and notes that it is 101.5° F rectally. The nurse plans to take which action? a. Delay the immunization. b. Administer the immunization. c. Administer one of the three scheduled immunizations. d. Administer one half of the prescribed dose of each scheduled immunization.

a. Delay the immunization. High fevers and severe illnesses are reasons to delay immunization, but only until the child has recovered from the acute stage of the illness. Minor illnesses such as a cold, otitis media, or mild diarrhea without fever are not contraindications to immunization

MARIA, AGE 10, REQUIRES DAILY MEDICATIONS FOR A CHRONIC ILLNESS. HER MOTHER TELLS THE NURSE THAT SHE IS ALWAYS NAGGING HER TO TAKE HER MEDICINE BEFORE SCHOOL. WHAT IS THE MOST APPROPRIATE NURSING ACTION TO PROMOTE MARIA'S COMPLIANCE? a. Establishing a contract with her, including rewards b. Suggesting time-outs when she forgets her medicine C. Discussing with her mother the damaging effects of nagging d. Asking Maria to bring her medicine containers to each appointment so they can be counted

a. Establishing a contract with her, including rewards

A child seen in the clinic is found to have rubeola (measles) and the mother asks the nurse how to care for the child. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the mother? a. Keep the child in a room with dim lights. b. Give the child warm baths to help prevent itching. c. Allow the child to play outdoors because sunlight will help the rash. d. Take the child's temperature every 4 hours and administer 1 baby aspirin for fever.

a. Keep the child in a room with dim lights. A nursing consideration in rubeola is eye care. The child usually has photophobia, so the nurse should suggest that the parent keep the child out of brightly lit areas. Children with viral infections are not to be given aspirin because of the risk of Reye's syndrome. Warm baths and the sun will aggravate itching. In addition, the child needs to rest

THE NURSE IS OBSERVING THE INTERACTION OF FAMILY MEMBERS DURING A HOME VISIT. THE NURSE RECOGNIZES THAT THE OPTIMAL GOAL OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE FAMILY IS: a. Problem solving and psychological support b. Better financial conditions for the family C Socialization among individual members Role development of individual members

a. Problem solving and psychological support

When interviewing the parents of an injured child, which of the following is the strongest indicator that child abuse may be a problem? a. The injury isn't consistent with the history or the child's age. b. The mother and father tell different stories regarding what happened. C. The family is poor. d. The parents are argumentative and demanding with emergency department personnel.

a. The injury isn't consistent with the history or the child's age.

THE NURSE IS OBSERVING FOR THE SIGNS OF A HEALTHY FAMILY. IN AN ASSESSMENT OF A HEALTHY FAMILY, WHAT DOES THE NURSE EXPECT TO FIND? a. The structure is flexible enough to adapt to crises. b. Minimal influence causes role disruptions. c. Change is viewed as detrimental to family processes. d. A passive response exists to stressors.

a. The structure is flexible enough to adapt to crises.

The nurse observes a 10-month-old infant using her index finger and thumb to pick up pieces of cereal. This behavior is evidence that the infant has developed: a. the pincer grasp. b. a grasp reflex. c. prehension ability. d. the moro reflex.

a. the pincer grasp.

A 5-year-old a has temperature of 103.6 'F and is brought into the emergency room by his mother. Which statement by the mother causes concern? a. "I've tried to encourage fluid intake every hour." b. "I administered Aspirin to help with the fever a few hours ago." c. "I re-took his temperature 30 minutes after I gave the medication and it was still high." d. "I gave him a sponge bath to help with the fever."

b. "I administered Aspirin to help with the fever a few hours ago."

When discharging a newborn, which injury prevention instruction would be of highest priority to tell the parents? a. "Place safety locks on all medicine cabinets and household cleaning supplies." b. "Transport the infant in the front seat when driving alone so you can see the baby." c. "Never leave the baby unattended on a raised, unguarded area." d. "Place safety guards in front of any heating appliance, stove, fireplace, or radiator."

c. "Never leave the baby unattended on a raised, unguarded area."

The nurse reviews the home care instructions with a parent of a 3-year-old with pertussis. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I know that my child will make a loud whooping sound." b. "I understand this whooping cough is viral and I have to let it run its course." c. "I understand that I need to watch for respiratory distress signs with pertussis." d. "I can reduce the environmental factors that can trigger coughing, like dust and smoke."

b. "I understand this whooping cough is viral and I have to let it run its course." Pertussis is caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis and treatment requires antimicrobial therapy. The child may experience respiratory distress, and the parents should be instructed on reducing environmental factors that cause coughing spasms, such as dust, smoke, and sudden changes in temperature.

THE NURSE MAKES A HOME VISIT TO A CLIENT LIVING IN A NUCLEAR FAMILY SYSTEM. IN ASSESSING THE ROLES AND POWER STRUCTURE OF THE FAMILY, WHAT COULD THE NURSE ASK THE CLIENT? a. "What types of activities do you and your family like?" b. "Who decides how the family budget is created?" C. "What type of health care insurance do you have?" d "How many people live in your home?" Hiltiple Choice -X

b. "Who decides how the family budget is created?"

The nurse obtains a health history from a mother of a 15-month-old child before administering a measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. Which is essential information to obtain before the administration of this vaccine? a. A recent cold b. Allergy to eggs c. The presence of diarrhea d. Any recent ear infections

b. Allergy to eggs Before the administration of a measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine, a thorough health historyneeds to be obtained. The MMR vaccine is used with caution in a child with a history of allergyto gelatin or eggs because the live measles vaccine is produced by chick embryo cell culture. The MMR vaccine also contains a small amount of the antibiotic neomycin. Options 1, 3, and 4 are not contraindications to administering this immunization

What would be the best response if a mother tells the nurse that the only way she can get her 2-year-old daughter to take medicine is to call it candy? a. Tell her that is fine as long as the child takes all of the medicine. b. Discuss the importance of not calling medicine candy to prevent accidental drug ingestion. C. Discuss with the mother that the child does not have to take the medicine if she does not want it. d. Tell the mother her child will have to go to "time out" if she does not take her medicine.

b. Discuss the importance of not calling medicine candy to prevent accidental drug ingestion.

Which statement by the mother could lead the nurse to suspect sexual abuse in a 4-year-old girl? a. Masturbation. b. Increased temper tantrums. C. She is not grateful. d. She does not demonstrate loyalty.

b. Increased temper tantrums. (Masturbation/interest in own sexuality is normal in 4 year olds)

Which assessments are most important after a head injury in a child? a. History of loss of consciousness and length of time unconscious. b. Serial neurological assessments including level of consciousness. C. Initial neurological assessment. d. Initial Vital signs and oxygen saturation level.

b. Serial neurological assessments including level of consciousness. Ongoing neurological assessments are the priority

When teaching injury prevention during the school-age years, what should the nurse include? a. Teach children about the need to fear strangers. b. Teach basic rules of water safety. c. Avoid letting children cook in microwave ovens. d. Caution children against engaging in competitive sports.

b. Teach basic rules of water safety. (Not "fear" strangers, just be cautious)

A nurse is assessing a child who is scheduled to receive a live vaccine. What are the general contraindications associated with receiving a live virus vaccine? Select all that Apply a. The child has symptoms of a cold b. The child has had a previous anaphylactic reaction to the vaccine c. The child is having intermittent episodes of diarrhea d. The child has had decreased appetite and has been fussy for the last 24 hours but has remained afebrile. e. The child has a severely deficient immune system f. Mother reports that the child has recently been exposed to infectious disease

b. The child has had a previous anaphylactic reaction to the vaccine e. The child has a severely deficient immune system (The contraindications for this are a previous anaphylactic episode, weakened immune systems, those with a severe sensitivity to gelatin, or pregnant women)

Which age group has the greatest potential to demonstrate regression when they are sick? a. Infant b. Toddler c. Adolescent d. Young Adult

b. Toddler

A clinic nurse assesses the communication patterns of a five (5)-month-old infant. The nurse determines that the infant is demonstrating the highest level of developmental achievement expected if the infant: a. Uses simple words such as "mama" b. Uses monosyllabic babbling c. Links syllables together d. Coos when comforted

b. Uses monosyllabic babbling

An important nursing intervention in the care of a child with conjunctivitis is a. administering oral antihistamine to minimize itching b. applying intermittent warm, moist compresses to remove crusts in the eye area c. applying continuous warm compresses to relieve discomfort d. administering optic cocrticosteroids to reduce inflammation

b. applying intermittent warm, moist compresses to remove crusts in the eye area The eye should be kept clean. Intermittent warm, moist compresses can soften the crusting for easier removal, maintaining the cleanliness of the eye. Antihistamines are not usually necessary for bacterial conjunctivitis. Continuous warm compresses would promote bacterial growth. Antibiotics are the treatment of choice for bacterial infections; optic corticosteroids are not warranted.

Several children have contracted measles (rubeola) in a local school, and the nurse provides information to the mothers of the children about this communicable disease. Which statement by a mother indicates a need for further teaching? a. "The disease is caused by a virus." b. "We will watch for the complication of otitis media." c. "The symptoms increase in severity for at least one week after the rash appears." d. "Small, irregular red spots with a minute, bluish white center are seen on buccal mucosa before the rash appears."

c. "The symptoms increase in severity for at least one week after the rash appears."

Which statement would be most therapeutic to a child, the nurse suspects has been abused? a. "Who did this to you? This is not right." b. "This is wrong that your mother did not protect you." c. "This is not your fault; you are not to blame for this." d. "I will not tell anyone."

c. "This is not your fault; you are not to blame for this."

The nurse reinforces home care instructions to the parents of a child hospitalized with pertussis. The child is in the convalescent stage and is being prepared for discharge. Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? a. "We need to encourage adequate fluid intake." b. "Coughing spells may be triggered by dust or smoke." c. "We need to maintain respiratory precautions and a quiet environment for at least 2 weeks." d. "Good hand-washing techniques need to be instituted to prevent spreading the disease to others."

c. "We need to maintain respiratory precautions and a quiet environment for at least 2 weeks." Pertussis is transmitted by direct contact or respiratory droplets from coughing. Thecommunicable period occurs primarily during the catarrhal stage. Respiratory precautions are not required during the convalescent phase.

A 6-month-old infant receives a diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) immunization at the well-baby clinic. The parent returns home and calls the clinic to report that the infant has developed swelling and redness at the site of injection. Which instruction by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Monitor the infant for a fever. b. Bring the infant back to the clinic immediately. c. A local reaction at the injection site can occur. You can use a cool pack for comfort. d. Leave the injection site alone, because this always occurs.

c. A local reaction at the injection site can occur. You can use a cool pack for comfort. (Option 1 may bean appropriate intervention, but it is not specific to the question)

The nurse is preparing to care for a toddler who is admitted due to fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. The doctor diagnosed the child with acute gastroenteritis. Which interventions are appropriate? Select all that apply. a. Limit parental presence to promote faster recovery b. Inform the child of his scheduled ultrasound on day 5 of his hospitalization c. Allow to bring his favorite pillow or provide activity e.g., blowing bubbles d. Allow the child to hold the thermometer before getting the temperature e. Provide an option between fruit cups and jellies for dessert.

c. Allow to bring his favorite pillow or provide activity e.g., blowing bubbles d. Allow the child to hold the thermometer before getting the temperature e. Provide an option between fruit cups and jellies for dessert.

While giving nursing care to a hospitalized adolescent, the nurse should be aware that the major threat felt by the hospitalized adolescent is a. Pain management b. Restricted physical activity c. Altered body image d. Separation from family

c. Altered body image

The nurse assigned to care for a child with mumps is monitoring the child for the signs and symptoms associated with the common complication of mumps. The nurse monitors for which sign/symptom that is indicative of this common complication? a. Pain b. Deafness c. Nuchal rigidity d. A red, swollen testicle

c. Nuchal rigidity The most common complication of mumps is aseptic meningitis, with the virus being identifiedin the cerebrospinal fluid. Common signs include nuchal rigidity, lethargy, and vomiting. A red,swollen testicle may be indicative of orchitis. Although this complication appears to cause mostconcern among parents, it is not the most common complication. Although mumps is one of theleading causes of unilateral nerve deafness, it does not occur frequently. Muscular pain, parotidpain, or testicular pain may occur, but pain does not indicate a sign of a common complication

A mother of a three (3)-year-old tells a clinic nurse that the child is constantly rebelling and having temper tantrums. The nurse most appropriately tells the mother to: a. Punish the child every time the child says "no", to change the behavior b. Allow the behavior to continue because this is normal in this age group. c. Set limits on the child's behavior. d. Ignore the child when this behavior occurs

c. Set limits on the child's behavior.

What is insensible fluid loss?

consist of fluid losses through the skin and respiratory system. Body temperature, respiratory rate, and environmental temperatures all affect insensible losses

Several children have contracted rubeola (measles) in a local school, and the school nurse conducts a teaching session for the parents of the school children. Which statement, if made by a parent, indicates a need for further teaching regarding this communicable disease? a. "Small blue-white spots with a red base may appear in the mouth." b. "The rash usually begins centrally and spreads downward to the limbs." c. "Respiratory symptoms such as a very runny nose, cough, and fever occur before the development of a rash." d. "The communicable period ranges from 10 days before the onset of symptoms to 15 days after the rash appears."

d. "The communicable period ranges from 10 days before the onset of symptoms to 15 daysafter the rash appears." The communicable period for rubeola ranges from 4 days before to 5 days after the rash appears,mainly during the prodromal (catarrhal) stage. Options 1, 2, and 3 are accurate descriptions ofrubeola. The small blue-white spots found in this communicable disease are called Koplik spots.Option 3 describes the incubation period for rubella, not rubeola.

A mother brings her child to the clinic because the child has developed a rash on the trunk and scalp. The child is diagnosed with varicella. What will the nurse tell the mother about the infectious period? a. "The infectious period is unknown." b. "The infectious period ranges from 2 weeks or less up to several months." c. "The infectious period is 10 days before the onset of symptoms to 15 days after the rash appears." d. "The infectious period is 1 to 2 days before the onset of the rash to 5 days after the onset of lesions and the crusting of lesions."

d. "The infectious period is 1 to 2 days before the onset of the rash to 5 days after the onset of lesions and the crusting of lesions." The infectious period for varicella is 1 to 2 days before theonset of the rash to 5 days after the onset of lesions and the crusting of lesions. In roseola, theinfectious period is unknown. Option 2 describes diphtheria. Option 3 describes rubella.

The school nurse notes that the child has a rash and suspects that it is caused by erythema Infectiosum (fifth disease). The nurse bases this determination on the observation that the rash results in which appearance? a. Rose-pink maculopapules b. Pruritic macule-to-papules c. Pinkish red maculopapules d. A "slapped-face" appearance

d. A "slapped-face" appearance The classic rash of erythema infectiosum, or fifth disease, is the erythema on the face. Thediscrete rose-pink maculopapular rash is the rash of exanthema subitum (roseola). The highlypruritic profuse macule-to-papule rash is the rash of varicella (chickenpox). The discrete pinkishred maculopapular rash is the rash of rubella (German measles)

A NURSE ENTERS AN INPATIENT ROOM AND FINDS THE FAMILY DISAGREEING ABOUT THE CLIENT'S LIVING ARRANGEMENTS AFTER DISCHARGE. WHICH INFORMATION SHOULD THE NURSE PROVIDE WHEN TEACHING TECHNIQUES TO RESOLVE FAMILY CONFLICTS? a. Family members should use past incidents to make their point. b. One family member should act as a gatekeeper in order to avoid family confrontation. C. One family member should act as a compromiser to preserve harmony in the family system. d. Family members should respect differing opinions and use compromise and negotiation.

d. Family members should respect differing opinions and use compromise and negotiation.

A MOTHER TELLS A NURSE THAT HER 2-YEAR-OLD TODDLER OFTEN HAS TEMPER TANTRUMS AT THE FAMILY DINNER TABLE AND ASKS HOW TO HANDLE THE BEHAVIOR. WHAT WOULD BE THE BEST RESPONSE BY THE NURSE? a. Temper tantrums are normal for a 2-year-old, and the child will grow out of it. b. The toddler should be removed from the family dinner table until he or she is old enough to behave. C. Strict discipline and corporal punishment are appropriate to help the child to gain self-control d. Parents should agree on a method of discipline, such as time-out, and use it when the child misbehaves.

d. Parents should agree on a method of discipline, such as time-out, and use it when the child misbehaves.

THE NURSE NEEDS TO TAKE THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF A PRESCHOOL BOY FOR THE FIRST TIME. WHICH ACTION WOULD BE BEST IN GAINING HIS COOPERATION? a. Taking his blood pressure when a parent is there to comfort him b. Telling him that this procedure will help him get well faster. C Explaining to him how the blood flows through the arm and why the blood pressure is important d. Permitting him to handle equipment and see the dial move before putting the cuff in place

d. Permitting him to handle equipment and see the dial move before putting the cuff in place

A child is brought to a clinic after developing a rash on the trunk and on the scalp. The parents report that the child has had a low-grade fever, has not felt like eating, and has been generally tired. The child is diagnosed with chickenpox. Which statement by the nurse is accurate regarding chickenpox? a. The communicable period is unknown. b. The communicable period ranges from 2 weeks or less up to several months. c. The communicable period is 10 days before the onset of symptoms to 15 days after the rash appears. d. The communicable period is 1 to 2 days before the onset of the rash to 6 days after the onset and crusting of lesions.

d. The communicable period is 1 to 2 days before the onset of the rash to 6 days after the onset and crusting of lesions. The communicable period for chickenpox is 1 to 2 days before the onset of the rash to 6 daysafter the onset and crusting of lesions. In roseola the communicable period is unknown. Option 2describes diphtheria. Option 3 describes rubella