Fashion Design A - Unit 2

What are some good habits for preparation before actual sewing begins?

- Practice on scraps before sewing an actual garment. - Check the needle by doing one or two stitches with the handwheel. - Select the right thread for the fabric type.

What are some similarities between linen and cotton?

- They are both good to wear in hot weather. - They are both made from plants. - They have both been in use for thousands of years.

What information is found on a garment label?

- care instructions - brand - fiber percentage

What are some characteristics of patterning paper?

- from 18 inches to 48 inches in width - small-scaled

Which of the following is a duty performed by a product merchandiser?

- to make sure that all trends are marketable - to determine which tops, bottoms, and colors will work best together - to create merchandising line sheets - to set a price range for the designs

printing

a color application method for applying a design or pattern onto fabric

backstitch

a hand stitch that is used over a turned edge when sewing together two pieces of fabric

jersey knit

a knit fabric originally made from wool

basting stitch

a long, loose hand stitch that is used to create a temporary stitch

snaps

a pair of interlocking discs used to close garments that snap together for closure; can come in either plastic or metal

stitch

a piece of thread passed through fabric with a needle

flax

a plant whose stalks have a fiber used to make linen fabric

concept board

a presentation board showing a designer's fashion collection

fashion collection

a selection of outfits that designers put together in a group

What is line in fashion design?

a series of points connected to form a visually appealing path

line

a series of points that connect to create a visually appealing path in the design of a garment

running stitch

a short, tight hand stitch that is used to create a permanent seam

grin through

a situation in which the fabric shows through the print after the printing process has occurred

color story

a small collection of harmonious colors used together

hook and eye

a small hook that "hooks" into the eye (or eyelet) for closure; they are two separate pieces

silk

a smooth, shimmering fabric made from the protein secretions of silkworms

mood board

a type of collage used by artists and designers to give a cohesive feeling, image, or idea to a project

blind stitch

a type of stitch used for creating an inconspicuous hem

polyester

a wrinkle-resistant synthetic fiber often blended with natural fabrics to make it easier to care for

What is the basis for any type of fabric?

textiles

What process does synthetic filament yarn undergo to change its shape?

texturing

stretch

the degree of elasticity in a fabric

bias

the diagonal line across the grain of a fabric; this direction has the greatest stretch

base fabric

the main fabric in the development of a collection

patternmaking

the process of creating the shape of the garment on paper

segmentation

the process of dividing consumers into categories based on distinguishing characteristics

weaving

the process of forming fabric by interlacing yarns on a loom

sewing

the process of joining two pieces of fabric by using a needle and thread

fashion forecasting

the process of predicting what customers will want and buy in the future

body mapping

the process of scanning the body to improve the performance of fabrics and fit of designs

fashion design development

the process of turning ideas and concepts into a final product

merchandising

the process used to ensure that the target customer will want and be able to afford a designer's products

branding

the steps taken to separate designers from the competition and show their unique personalities

drape

the way a fabric falls on the body

hand

the way a fabric feels against your skin

Which is a tool that can protect fingers while sewing by hand?

thimble

The textile is made from felt or spun fibers that are then made into _[blank]_.

thread

velvet

woven fabric made from silk, created with a raised surface that has a very soft and distinctive feel

A _[blank]_ stitch is a topstitch most commonly used in jeans.

zigzag stitch

coil zipper

zippers made of spiral plastic "coil" instead of teeth; the commonly used materials for the coil are polyester and nylon

invisible zipper

zippers that do not show teeth on the outside and do not need a fly (an overlap that covers the zipper); sewn edge to edge; both the teeth and lip can be dyed into most colors

metal zipper

zippers that have metal teeth; most popular metals used include aluminum, brass, antique brass, and black oxidized; the fabric part of the zipper can be dyed into colors; the metal cannot be dyed

separating zipper

zippers that have separated ends and closed using sliders; can also be called open-end zipper

two-way zipper

zippers that move in either direction; can come in either metal or molded

What is true about polypropylene?

- It is a kind of plastic. - It is a dense filament. - It is so light, it floats.

What is true about nylon?

- It is strong and durable. - It is used in cashmere pajamas. - It resists mildew.

Which are the benefits of using a merchandising line sheet?

- It shows all the colors and fabrics on one master sheet. - It is visually easier to read than a spreadsheet. - It organizes the designs into one master sheet.

Which of the following best describe knit fabrics?

- the fabric stretches - the yarn is looped

What are the three main characteristics of fabrics when considering fabric application in garment design?

- weight - drape - stretch

Cotton retains heat and is best used for winter clothes.

False

Garments with fabrics created in Turkey but constructed in the United States can have a label that reads "Made in USA."

False

Plain knits and double jersey are examples of a filling knit.

False

What is the most durable hand stitch?

backstitch

Which stitch is a temporary hand stitch?

basting stitch

Which is the best choice for finishing the seams of unlined jackets where the inside of the jacket needs to look as attractive as the outside?

bias tape

What does the Pantone Color Institute report on?

color trends

Which fabric is most associated with American history?

cotton

Which of the following pulls fabric forward while sewing?

feed dogs

performance

fiber content, weave, and finish of a fabric that determines how the fabric cleans and wears

Which are printed cards that are found on sportswear and contain product information?

flashers

flat button

flat buttons with two or four holes in the center

two-dimensional

flat; having only two measurements, namely length and width

The directions of the yarn in a woven fabric that go either crosswise or lengthwise are known as the _[blank]_.

grains

Which of the following best describes a fabric's performance?

its function and durability

full-fashion knits

knit garments with pieces shaped on the knitting machine

warp knitting

knitting fabric yarns in a loop running vertically

weft knitting

knitting fabric yarns in loops horizontally or in a circle

Which of the following are lightweight fabrics?

lace linen chiffon

_[blank]_ is less popular now because to make it causes a lot of pollution.

lyocell

Which fabric is typically used to make a mock-up of a garment?

muslin

combing

process of cleaning fibers to prepare them for fabric production

What are natural fibers that come from animals called?

protein fibers

PRINT topstitch

stitch that is shown on the outside of a garment and is often used as a decorative finish

What are the two types of knit fabric construction?

Weft Warp

textile

a fabric, in either its original or manufactured state; cloth made from components that are woven, knitted, or made into felt

fashion trend

a fashion movement that is popular at a certain point in time

styling design ruler

a flexible and curved ruler used to measure and draw curves

greige good

a garment that has not been treated with bleach or color

market

a group of people, or the consumers, that a product is targeted toward

jacquard loom

a loom that weaves an elaborate pattern on fabric

flasher

a printed card on the outside of sportswear with attention-grabbing product information on it

hangtag

a printed label on the outside of a garment with the brand name and important product information

croquis

a quick, rough drawing used to jot down design ideas

measuring tape

a ribbon-like ruler made of cloth or plastic

gridded ruler

a see-through ruler that is marked with grid lines; comes in a variety of sizes and shapes, 18 inches long by 2 inches wide being the most popular

whipstitch

a slanted hand stitch that is used to close the edges of two pieces of fabric or to create a decorative edge

cotton

a soft, white substance that grows on the seeds of a tall plant and is used to make fabric

overlock stitch

a stitch that sews over the edge of fabric to create a finished look to edges, hems, or seams

dyestuff

a substance that creates a dye

bias tape

a tape used to bind edges or for decoration

French curve

a template used to draw smooth and even curves of varying sizes

athleisure

a trend in fashion and fabric where clothing styles originally intended for exercise are used in everyday wear

chiton

a tunic made of two rectangles of fabric attached at the shoulders and sides

buttonhole stitch

a type of stitch used to make buttonholes

dart

a wedge cut out of a pattern or piece of fabric where the edges are pulled together to create a shallow, curved shape

is a finishing process that gives polyester the feel of silk.

Mercerizing

Branding is most effective when it targets a specific customer segment. For example, young adults are one specific segment, and their parents are a different segment. Why is this the most effective way to brand a product?

Not all brands appeal to every customer segment.

texture

The feel and consistency of a fabric

What is most important to remember when choosing a fabric pattern?

The scale, or size, must compliment the design.

A basic block is a basic pattern from which you can create many more styles and sizes of patterns.

True

A sewing kit should include two pairs of scissors: one for cutting paper and one for cutting fabric.

True

Basting seams together before sewing keeps fabrics from slipping and increases accuracy.

True

By leaving the needle down while moving the fabric, this helps to get an evenly aligned seam.

True

If a fabric is called bottom weight, it means that it is heavier and good for pants, shorts, and skirts.

True

Knitting uses needles to fashion yarns into a series of interlocking loops.

True

Mass manufacturing led to horrible conditions in factories, which is a reason for the creation of eco-friendly fabrics.

True

Proportion represents the pleasing way the parts of the garment to come together as a whole. (T/F)

True

The most common thread is called all-purpose thread.

True

The quality of cotton depends on its length, strength, and color.

True

Vertical lines give the illusion of height. (T/F)

True

Wool is a warm, wrinkle-resistant natural fiber that is likely to shrink with the heat of the dryer.

True

grain

the direction of the yarns in fabric construction

zipper tape

the fabric part of a zipper; can also be called a zipper "lip"

selvage

the finished edge of woven fabric that prevents unraveling

weight

the heaviness or lightness, thinness or thickness of a fabric

seam

the line or center point where two pieces of fabric are sewn together

What is a seam?

the line where two pieces of fabric are sewn together

fabric finish

the look, hand (feel), or performance of a fabric after undergoing mechanical or chemical processes to achieve specific effects

haute couture

the most fashionable and expensive type of clothing

What is the definition of shape?

the outline of a garment or its silhouette

shape

the outline of a garment, also known as silhouette

dyeing

the process of adding color to garments by applying a dye

Texturing

the process of brushing or sanding a yarn to create a texture before it is woven or knitted

fabrication

the process of choosing the fabrics that will be used in creating a particular set of garments

draping

the process of pinning and arranging fabric onto a mannequin to create the desired garment shape

scale

the proportional size relationships between objects and figures in garment design development

boll

the seed capsule of the cotton plant that contains the fluffy cotton fibers used to make cotton fabric

nylon

the strongest synthetic fiber, which is naturally mildew resistant and has a silken feel

computer-aided design

the technology designers use to create flat sketches and other illustrations

pattern

the template used to create clothing from a piece of cloth; each piece of a pattern represents different sections of a garment

What is weight in fashion design?

the thinness or thickness of a fabric

zipper teeth

the two rows in the center that fit together to make the zipper function; zipper teeth come in various sizes

brand identity

the visual elements of a brand

A stitch is a _[blank]_ passed through fabric with a _[blank]_.

thread; needle

A _[blank]_ shows from the top side and is often used as a decorative finish on garment edges.

topstitch

Used for durability, _[blank]_ creates a diagonal design on the surface of a fabric.

twill

What is the process of interlacing yarn at right angles on a loom called?

weaving

Which stitch is slanted and loops over the fabric's edge?

whipstitch

What is the fabric quality that helps moisture move away from the body?

wicking

_________ is the main choice for the development of a collection.

base fabric

What is a fabric that is made of both natural and synthetic fibers called?

blend

Which is the best stitch for creating inconspicuous hems?

blind stitch

Which is the best stitch to use for hemming a tailored jacket where the stitches should not show from the outside?

blind stitch

Cotton comes from the _[blank]_ of the _[blank]_.

boll, cotton plant

shank button

buttons that do not have holes; instead, they have a small ring, or loop, in back of the button that is used to sew onto the garment

The edges of a _[blank]_ are pulled together to create a shallow, curved shape in the fabric, and this will fit a curved part of the body.

dart

What mechanical process improves the durability and performance of wool by using heat and moisture?

decating

proportion

describes how separate parts of a garment relate to each other and to the whole in size

Which is a substance that creates dye?

dyestuffs

When designers want a woven fabric to stretch across the body, which grain do they choose?

either bias or no

Which type of sewing machine is the most basic and durable?

electric sewing machine

fibers

hair-like materials that are the basis for creating textiles for fabrics

What are the two points where a designer must measure circumference when making either a skirt or a pair of pants?

hip and waist

block pattern

in commercial production, a custom-fit basic pattern from which many more styles and sizes of patterns can be created; can also be referred to as a sloper pattern in home sewing

sloper pattern

in home sewing, a custom-fit basic pattern from which many more styles and sizes of patterns can be created; can also be referred to as a basic block pattern in commercial production

patterning paper

large-scale paper that patterns are drawn on, ranging from 18 inches to 48 inches in width

toggles

long cylinder-shaped buttons that close with a loop; come in two parts

retting

manufacturing process for linen where the sticky substance and seeds are removed from the fibers

What do you call the surface of a fabric created by plucking yarns from it with little needles on rotating drums?

nap

Fibers that are "melted" together to form a web fabric are known as _[blank]_.

nonwovens

At which stage is printing added to a design?

not after the fabric is constructed

The art of making a flat piece of fabric conform to the bends and curves of the human body is called _[blank]_.

not body forming or bending

Which type of fiber is used in creating new fabrics for the luxury market?

not high-tech fibers

What mechanical tool is used in heat-transfer printing?

not squeegee

frogs

ornamental braiding used to close garments; comes in two parts and close with the loop hooking onto the braided ball

What type of feeling do diagonal lines create?

p

molded zipper

plastic zippers with individually injected molded teeth; both the teeth and tape can be dyed into most colors

_[blank]_ is the most widely used synthetic fiber in the world.

polyester

The _[blank]_ is the part of the sewing machine that clamps down on the fabric and holds it in place while sewing.

presser foot

wicking

pulling moisture away from the body

When things do not go well while sewing, what is the best thing to do?

re-thread

The newest synthetic fibers are _[blank]_ and _[blank]_.

renewable, biodegradable petroleum-based, popular

The manufacturing process for linen where the sticky substance and seeds are removed from the fibers is called _[blank]_.

retting

Which stitch is short and tight and considered permanent?

running stitch

What is a shimmery fabric that has excellent drape?

satin

A _[blank]_ is the line or center point where two pieces of fabric are sewn together.

seam

What is the name of the finishing process that uses rollers coated with sandpaper to create a softer surface?

shearing

A basic block can also be called a _[blank]_ in home sewing.

sloper pattern

In home sewing, what is the basic pattern from which many more styles and sizes of patterns can be created?

sloper pattern

wool

soft wavy or curly undercoat of hairy animals such as sheep woven to create fabric

three-dimensional

solid in shape; having three measurements, namely length, width, and depth

yarn

spun thread made from cotton, wool, fiber, or other materials

What are fibers from cotton or wool that are used to make yarns for fabric called?

staple fibers

Linen comes from the _[blank]_ of the _[blank]_.

stem, flax plant

Which of the following actions are steps in the process to prepare cotton for use?

straightening combing cleaning

A flexible and curved ruler used to measure and draw curves is called a _[blank]_.

styling design ruler

Twill weave creates a shiny, smooth fabric because the weft yarn passes over a number of warp yarns.

False

Vertical lines suggest quiet and calm in a garment. (T/F)

False

What is the final step for threading a basic sewing machine?

Thread the bobbin.

A French curve is a template used to draw smooth and even curves of varying sizes.

True

The three main considerations for selecting zipper size are functionality, aesthetics, and _[blank]_.

fabric

linen

fabric made from flax that is breathable and especially useful in hot weather

nonwoven fabric

fabric that is matted together through pressure, the use of heat, or chemicals

Dyeing can only be done during the stage of yarn production.

false

It is recommended that the tape measure in a sewing kit be 60 inches long and 5/8 inch wide.

True

In the 1920s, Coco Chanel pioneered using jersey fabric in everyday wear.

True

Why should a sewing kit contain needles of different lengths and thicknesses?

Certain needles work better in certain situations.

What does the cotton gin do?

It separates the seeds out of the cotton.

What was the Silk Road?

It was a trade route that brought silk to the world.

Which option correctly lists the steps for threading a basic sewing machine in the correct order?

Wind the bobbin, thread the spool, thread the needle, and thread the bobbin.

zigzag stitch

a back-and-forth stitch that is used in reinforcing buttonholes, in stitching stretchable fabrics, or as a decorative element

double needle stitch

a double row of stitches that shows on the outside of a garment and forms two parallel lines

muslin

an inexpensive cotton material; can also refer to a mock-up of a pattern made from muslin or another inexpensive fabric

Which label information tells customers how to wash a garment?

care instructions

Which is a new technology used to assist designers in creating garments and fabrics that correspond to how the customer wears the clothes?

care of silk

The _[blank]_ is the measurement of the distance around a three-dimensional object.

circumference

The weight of a fabric is determined by its drape and finish.

false