Fashion Design A - Unit 2
What are some good habits for preparation before actual sewing begins?
- Practice on scraps before sewing an actual garment. - Check the needle by doing one or two stitches with the handwheel. - Select the right thread for the fabric type.
What are some similarities between linen and cotton?
- They are both good to wear in hot weather. - They are both made from plants. - They have both been in use for thousands of years.
What information is found on a garment label?
- care instructions - brand - fiber percentage
What are some characteristics of patterning paper?
- from 18 inches to 48 inches in width - small-scaled
Which of the following is a duty performed by a product merchandiser?
- to make sure that all trends are marketable - to determine which tops, bottoms, and colors will work best together - to create merchandising line sheets - to set a price range for the designs
printing
a color application method for applying a design or pattern onto fabric
backstitch
a hand stitch that is used over a turned edge when sewing together two pieces of fabric
jersey knit
a knit fabric originally made from wool
basting stitch
a long, loose hand stitch that is used to create a temporary stitch
snaps
a pair of interlocking discs used to close garments that snap together for closure; can come in either plastic or metal
stitch
a piece of thread passed through fabric with a needle
flax
a plant whose stalks have a fiber used to make linen fabric
concept board
a presentation board showing a designer's fashion collection
fashion collection
a selection of outfits that designers put together in a group
What is line in fashion design?
a series of points connected to form a visually appealing path
line
a series of points that connect to create a visually appealing path in the design of a garment
running stitch
a short, tight hand stitch that is used to create a permanent seam
grin through
a situation in which the fabric shows through the print after the printing process has occurred
color story
a small collection of harmonious colors used together
hook and eye
a small hook that "hooks" into the eye (or eyelet) for closure; they are two separate pieces
silk
a smooth, shimmering fabric made from the protein secretions of silkworms
mood board
a type of collage used by artists and designers to give a cohesive feeling, image, or idea to a project
blind stitch
a type of stitch used for creating an inconspicuous hem
polyester
a wrinkle-resistant synthetic fiber often blended with natural fabrics to make it easier to care for
What is the basis for any type of fabric?
textiles
What process does synthetic filament yarn undergo to change its shape?
texturing
stretch
the degree of elasticity in a fabric
bias
the diagonal line across the grain of a fabric; this direction has the greatest stretch
base fabric
the main fabric in the development of a collection
patternmaking
the process of creating the shape of the garment on paper
segmentation
the process of dividing consumers into categories based on distinguishing characteristics
weaving
the process of forming fabric by interlacing yarns on a loom
sewing
the process of joining two pieces of fabric by using a needle and thread
fashion forecasting
the process of predicting what customers will want and buy in the future
body mapping
the process of scanning the body to improve the performance of fabrics and fit of designs
fashion design development
the process of turning ideas and concepts into a final product
merchandising
the process used to ensure that the target customer will want and be able to afford a designer's products
branding
the steps taken to separate designers from the competition and show their unique personalities
drape
the way a fabric falls on the body
hand
the way a fabric feels against your skin
Which is a tool that can protect fingers while sewing by hand?
thimble
The textile is made from felt or spun fibers that are then made into _[blank]_.
thread
velvet
woven fabric made from silk, created with a raised surface that has a very soft and distinctive feel
A _[blank]_ stitch is a topstitch most commonly used in jeans.
zigzag stitch
coil zipper
zippers made of spiral plastic "coil" instead of teeth; the commonly used materials for the coil are polyester and nylon
invisible zipper
zippers that do not show teeth on the outside and do not need a fly (an overlap that covers the zipper); sewn edge to edge; both the teeth and lip can be dyed into most colors
metal zipper
zippers that have metal teeth; most popular metals used include aluminum, brass, antique brass, and black oxidized; the fabric part of the zipper can be dyed into colors; the metal cannot be dyed
separating zipper
zippers that have separated ends and closed using sliders; can also be called open-end zipper
two-way zipper
zippers that move in either direction; can come in either metal or molded
What is true about polypropylene?
- It is a kind of plastic. - It is a dense filament. - It is so light, it floats.
What is true about nylon?
- It is strong and durable. - It is used in cashmere pajamas. - It resists mildew.
Which are the benefits of using a merchandising line sheet?
- It shows all the colors and fabrics on one master sheet. - It is visually easier to read than a spreadsheet. - It organizes the designs into one master sheet.
Which of the following best describe knit fabrics?
- the fabric stretches - the yarn is looped
What are the three main characteristics of fabrics when considering fabric application in garment design?
- weight - drape - stretch
Cotton retains heat and is best used for winter clothes.
False
Garments with fabrics created in Turkey but constructed in the United States can have a label that reads "Made in USA."
False
Plain knits and double jersey are examples of a filling knit.
False
What is the most durable hand stitch?
backstitch
Which stitch is a temporary hand stitch?
basting stitch
Which is the best choice for finishing the seams of unlined jackets where the inside of the jacket needs to look as attractive as the outside?
bias tape
What does the Pantone Color Institute report on?
color trends
Which fabric is most associated with American history?
cotton
Which of the following pulls fabric forward while sewing?
feed dogs
performance
fiber content, weave, and finish of a fabric that determines how the fabric cleans and wears
Which are printed cards that are found on sportswear and contain product information?
flashers
flat button
flat buttons with two or four holes in the center
two-dimensional
flat; having only two measurements, namely length and width
The directions of the yarn in a woven fabric that go either crosswise or lengthwise are known as the _[blank]_.
grains
Which of the following best describes a fabric's performance?
its function and durability
full-fashion knits
knit garments with pieces shaped on the knitting machine
warp knitting
knitting fabric yarns in a loop running vertically
weft knitting
knitting fabric yarns in loops horizontally or in a circle
Which of the following are lightweight fabrics?
lace linen chiffon
_[blank]_ is less popular now because to make it causes a lot of pollution.
lyocell
Which fabric is typically used to make a mock-up of a garment?
muslin
combing
process of cleaning fibers to prepare them for fabric production
What are natural fibers that come from animals called?
protein fibers
PRINT topstitch
stitch that is shown on the outside of a garment and is often used as a decorative finish
What are the two types of knit fabric construction?
Weft Warp
textile
a fabric, in either its original or manufactured state; cloth made from components that are woven, knitted, or made into felt
fashion trend
a fashion movement that is popular at a certain point in time
styling design ruler
a flexible and curved ruler used to measure and draw curves
greige good
a garment that has not been treated with bleach or color
market
a group of people, or the consumers, that a product is targeted toward
jacquard loom
a loom that weaves an elaborate pattern on fabric
flasher
a printed card on the outside of sportswear with attention-grabbing product information on it
hangtag
a printed label on the outside of a garment with the brand name and important product information
croquis
a quick, rough drawing used to jot down design ideas
measuring tape
a ribbon-like ruler made of cloth or plastic
gridded ruler
a see-through ruler that is marked with grid lines; comes in a variety of sizes and shapes, 18 inches long by 2 inches wide being the most popular
whipstitch
a slanted hand stitch that is used to close the edges of two pieces of fabric or to create a decorative edge
cotton
a soft, white substance that grows on the seeds of a tall plant and is used to make fabric
overlock stitch
a stitch that sews over the edge of fabric to create a finished look to edges, hems, or seams
dyestuff
a substance that creates a dye
bias tape
a tape used to bind edges or for decoration
French curve
a template used to draw smooth and even curves of varying sizes
athleisure
a trend in fashion and fabric where clothing styles originally intended for exercise are used in everyday wear
chiton
a tunic made of two rectangles of fabric attached at the shoulders and sides
buttonhole stitch
a type of stitch used to make buttonholes
dart
a wedge cut out of a pattern or piece of fabric where the edges are pulled together to create a shallow, curved shape
is a finishing process that gives polyester the feel of silk.
Mercerizing
Branding is most effective when it targets a specific customer segment. For example, young adults are one specific segment, and their parents are a different segment. Why is this the most effective way to brand a product?
Not all brands appeal to every customer segment.
texture
The feel and consistency of a fabric
What is most important to remember when choosing a fabric pattern?
The scale, or size, must compliment the design.
A basic block is a basic pattern from which you can create many more styles and sizes of patterns.
True
A sewing kit should include two pairs of scissors: one for cutting paper and one for cutting fabric.
True
Basting seams together before sewing keeps fabrics from slipping and increases accuracy.
True
By leaving the needle down while moving the fabric, this helps to get an evenly aligned seam.
True
If a fabric is called bottom weight, it means that it is heavier and good for pants, shorts, and skirts.
True
Knitting uses needles to fashion yarns into a series of interlocking loops.
True
Mass manufacturing led to horrible conditions in factories, which is a reason for the creation of eco-friendly fabrics.
True
Proportion represents the pleasing way the parts of the garment to come together as a whole. (T/F)
True
The most common thread is called all-purpose thread.
True
The quality of cotton depends on its length, strength, and color.
True
Vertical lines give the illusion of height. (T/F)
True
Wool is a warm, wrinkle-resistant natural fiber that is likely to shrink with the heat of the dryer.
True
grain
the direction of the yarns in fabric construction
zipper tape
the fabric part of a zipper; can also be called a zipper "lip"
selvage
the finished edge of woven fabric that prevents unraveling
weight
the heaviness or lightness, thinness or thickness of a fabric
seam
the line or center point where two pieces of fabric are sewn together
What is a seam?
the line where two pieces of fabric are sewn together
fabric finish
the look, hand (feel), or performance of a fabric after undergoing mechanical or chemical processes to achieve specific effects
haute couture
the most fashionable and expensive type of clothing
What is the definition of shape?
the outline of a garment or its silhouette
shape
the outline of a garment, also known as silhouette
dyeing
the process of adding color to garments by applying a dye
Texturing
the process of brushing or sanding a yarn to create a texture before it is woven or knitted
fabrication
the process of choosing the fabrics that will be used in creating a particular set of garments
draping
the process of pinning and arranging fabric onto a mannequin to create the desired garment shape
scale
the proportional size relationships between objects and figures in garment design development
boll
the seed capsule of the cotton plant that contains the fluffy cotton fibers used to make cotton fabric
nylon
the strongest synthetic fiber, which is naturally mildew resistant and has a silken feel
computer-aided design
the technology designers use to create flat sketches and other illustrations
pattern
the template used to create clothing from a piece of cloth; each piece of a pattern represents different sections of a garment
What is weight in fashion design?
the thinness or thickness of a fabric
zipper teeth
the two rows in the center that fit together to make the zipper function; zipper teeth come in various sizes
brand identity
the visual elements of a brand
A stitch is a _[blank]_ passed through fabric with a _[blank]_.
thread; needle
A _[blank]_ shows from the top side and is often used as a decorative finish on garment edges.
topstitch
Used for durability, _[blank]_ creates a diagonal design on the surface of a fabric.
twill
What is the process of interlacing yarn at right angles on a loom called?
weaving
Which stitch is slanted and loops over the fabric's edge?
whipstitch
What is the fabric quality that helps moisture move away from the body?
wicking
_________ is the main choice for the development of a collection.
base fabric
What is a fabric that is made of both natural and synthetic fibers called?
blend
Which is the best stitch for creating inconspicuous hems?
blind stitch
Which is the best stitch to use for hemming a tailored jacket where the stitches should not show from the outside?
blind stitch
Cotton comes from the _[blank]_ of the _[blank]_.
boll, cotton plant
shank button
buttons that do not have holes; instead, they have a small ring, or loop, in back of the button that is used to sew onto the garment
The edges of a _[blank]_ are pulled together to create a shallow, curved shape in the fabric, and this will fit a curved part of the body.
dart
What mechanical process improves the durability and performance of wool by using heat and moisture?
decating
proportion
describes how separate parts of a garment relate to each other and to the whole in size
Which is a substance that creates dye?
dyestuffs
When designers want a woven fabric to stretch across the body, which grain do they choose?
either bias or no
Which type of sewing machine is the most basic and durable?
electric sewing machine
fibers
hair-like materials that are the basis for creating textiles for fabrics
What are the two points where a designer must measure circumference when making either a skirt or a pair of pants?
hip and waist
block pattern
in commercial production, a custom-fit basic pattern from which many more styles and sizes of patterns can be created; can also be referred to as a sloper pattern in home sewing
sloper pattern
in home sewing, a custom-fit basic pattern from which many more styles and sizes of patterns can be created; can also be referred to as a basic block pattern in commercial production
patterning paper
large-scale paper that patterns are drawn on, ranging from 18 inches to 48 inches in width
toggles
long cylinder-shaped buttons that close with a loop; come in two parts
retting
manufacturing process for linen where the sticky substance and seeds are removed from the fibers
What do you call the surface of a fabric created by plucking yarns from it with little needles on rotating drums?
nap
Fibers that are "melted" together to form a web fabric are known as _[blank]_.
nonwovens
At which stage is printing added to a design?
not after the fabric is constructed
The art of making a flat piece of fabric conform to the bends and curves of the human body is called _[blank]_.
not body forming or bending
Which type of fiber is used in creating new fabrics for the luxury market?
not high-tech fibers
What mechanical tool is used in heat-transfer printing?
not squeegee
frogs
ornamental braiding used to close garments; comes in two parts and close with the loop hooking onto the braided ball
What type of feeling do diagonal lines create?
p
molded zipper
plastic zippers with individually injected molded teeth; both the teeth and tape can be dyed into most colors
_[blank]_ is the most widely used synthetic fiber in the world.
polyester
The _[blank]_ is the part of the sewing machine that clamps down on the fabric and holds it in place while sewing.
presser foot
wicking
pulling moisture away from the body
When things do not go well while sewing, what is the best thing to do?
re-thread
The newest synthetic fibers are _[blank]_ and _[blank]_.
renewable, biodegradable petroleum-based, popular
The manufacturing process for linen where the sticky substance and seeds are removed from the fibers is called _[blank]_.
retting
Which stitch is short and tight and considered permanent?
running stitch
What is a shimmery fabric that has excellent drape?
satin
A _[blank]_ is the line or center point where two pieces of fabric are sewn together.
seam
What is the name of the finishing process that uses rollers coated with sandpaper to create a softer surface?
shearing
A basic block can also be called a _[blank]_ in home sewing.
sloper pattern
In home sewing, what is the basic pattern from which many more styles and sizes of patterns can be created?
sloper pattern
wool
soft wavy or curly undercoat of hairy animals such as sheep woven to create fabric
three-dimensional
solid in shape; having three measurements, namely length, width, and depth
yarn
spun thread made from cotton, wool, fiber, or other materials
What are fibers from cotton or wool that are used to make yarns for fabric called?
staple fibers
Linen comes from the _[blank]_ of the _[blank]_.
stem, flax plant
Which of the following actions are steps in the process to prepare cotton for use?
straightening combing cleaning
A flexible and curved ruler used to measure and draw curves is called a _[blank]_.
styling design ruler
Twill weave creates a shiny, smooth fabric because the weft yarn passes over a number of warp yarns.
False
Vertical lines suggest quiet and calm in a garment. (T/F)
False
What is the final step for threading a basic sewing machine?
Thread the bobbin.
A French curve is a template used to draw smooth and even curves of varying sizes.
True
The three main considerations for selecting zipper size are functionality, aesthetics, and _[blank]_.
fabric
linen
fabric made from flax that is breathable and especially useful in hot weather
nonwoven fabric
fabric that is matted together through pressure, the use of heat, or chemicals
Dyeing can only be done during the stage of yarn production.
false
It is recommended that the tape measure in a sewing kit be 60 inches long and 5/8 inch wide.
True
In the 1920s, Coco Chanel pioneered using jersey fabric in everyday wear.
True
Why should a sewing kit contain needles of different lengths and thicknesses?
Certain needles work better in certain situations.
What does the cotton gin do?
It separates the seeds out of the cotton.
What was the Silk Road?
It was a trade route that brought silk to the world.
Which option correctly lists the steps for threading a basic sewing machine in the correct order?
Wind the bobbin, thread the spool, thread the needle, and thread the bobbin.
zigzag stitch
a back-and-forth stitch that is used in reinforcing buttonholes, in stitching stretchable fabrics, or as a decorative element
double needle stitch
a double row of stitches that shows on the outside of a garment and forms two parallel lines
muslin
an inexpensive cotton material; can also refer to a mock-up of a pattern made from muslin or another inexpensive fabric
Which label information tells customers how to wash a garment?
care instructions
Which is a new technology used to assist designers in creating garments and fabrics that correspond to how the customer wears the clothes?
care of silk
The _[blank]_ is the measurement of the distance around a three-dimensional object.
circumference
The weight of a fabric is determined by its drape and finish.
false