Federal Gov Chapter 17

Social Security is a good example of

a contributory program

Which of the following was a key part of President Obama's overhaul of No Child Left Behind?

a proposal that states could apply for waivers that would exempt them from some of the requirements of No Child Left Behind

The number of families receiving welfare

decreased dramatically between 1993 and 2004 but increased significantly between 2004 and 2008. increased dramatically between 1993 and 2004 but decreased significantly between 2004 and 2008.

Which of the following is the strongest factor in predicting which groups in society receive the most benefits from government's social policies?

groups that are the most politically powerful

The first federal government assistance in education came

in 1785, when the federal government set aside land for public schools

The main change in welfare policies since 1996 is

increased use of non-cash assistance

The periodic adjustment of benefits or wages that takes into account the increased cost of living is called

indexing

What was the main fear concerning the consequences of outdoor relief?

it perpetuated poverty

Part of the reason welfare programs became so unpopular was that

many Americans came to believe that welfare recipients did not want to work

Social case work, in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, was largely concerned with

personal counseling and "mental hygiene"

The idea of ______ was at the heart of George W. Bush's 2005 plan for Social Security reform.

private accounts

The central thrust of federal housing policy has been to

promote homeownership

Charter schools are best described as

public schools that are free to design special curricula

The goals of social policy

reflect changing views about which risks should be borne by the individual or shared by society

What was the reason behind Progressive-era welfare for single mothers?

reformers wanted women to stay home with their children rather than going to work

Which of the following groups are more than twice as likely as other Americans to be below the poverty line?

single mothers

What is the shadow welfare state

social benefits that are distributed by private employers who are being subsidized by the government

Which of the following social policies is the most costly to the government?

social security

There are considerable disparities in benefit from state to state in noncontributory programs because

state governments are given grants-in-aid from the federal government to establish and operate their own programs rather than having one, uniform national program.

______ are programs where the government provides a tax deduction for spending on health insurance and other benefits by both employers and employees.

tax expenditures

When did the American welfare state begin

the 1930's

What was the primary problem with private charities before the development of the welfare state

they would make subjective decisions on who was deserving or undeserving of aid

When was the U.S. Public Health Service founded?

1798

When was Social Security established?

1935

When was medicare established

1965

AARP has a membership of approximately ______ members.

40 million

Approximately what percentage of the current federal budget is spent on entitlement programs, such as Social Security and Medicare?

60%

In 2010, approximately what percentage of American workers were offered health insurance through their jobs?

60%

What important noncontributory program was abolished by congress in 1996

Aid to Families with Dependent Children

which of the following statements about america's health care views is most accurate

Although a majority of Americans believe that government should ensure that all people receive adequate health care, there is considerable disagreement about how to deliver such benefits and how to pay for them.

What do public opinion polls reveal about welfare policies?

Americans view welfare beneficiaries as "undeserving"

Which program was designed to help augment the benefits to the aged, blind, and disabled?

Supplemental Security Income

what was the result efforts to reform healthcare in the united states in 1994

Health care reform met resistance and no bill was voted on by congress

How did regulation of the mortgage industry in 1999 help produce the housing crisis of 2007 and 2008

It allowed many new mortgage companies to form, offering "predatory" loans that people could not afford to repay. It increased property taxes to the point that many homeowners were forced to sell their homes.

What was the significance of the Supreme Court case Goldberg v. Kelly?

It held that public assistance benefits could not be revoked without due process of law

How did the Great Depression change American attitudes about welfare?

It revealed that poverty could be caused by a flawed economic system, not just by personal irresponsibility

Which of the following is an in-kind benefit?

Medicaid Veterans benefits payments

After the election of 2004, President George W. Bush announced that ______ would be the centerpiece of his domestic policy

Social Security Reform

Which of the following statements about noncontributory programs, such as TANF and medicaid is most accurate

The federal government provides only some of the funding for these programs and, as a result, citizens receive very different levels of benefits in different states

Which of the following statements about government spending is most accurate

The government spends far more on programs for the elderly than on programs for veterans and on unemployment insurance benefits.

The Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program is administered

by the states with benefit levels varying between states

Which of the following groups receives the last benefits from government's social policies

children

According to the text, why is it difficult to lobby for the interests of poor children?

children cannot vote

which of the following was important in caring for the poor during the nineteenth century

churches and religious organizations

One reason that the AFDC program grew significantly in the 1970s was that

court decisions made it more difficult for the government to legally terminate people's benefits for a lack of eligibility.

Which of the following programs most benefits the working poor?

earned income tax credits

What is the most significant force determining the distribution of opportunities in the United States?

education

The idea that all people should have the freedom to use whatever talents and wealth they have to achieve their goals is called

equality of opportunity

The G.I. bill of rights of 1944 and the national defense education act were examples of

federal government's approach to education policy during the 1940's and 1950's

In 2007 and 2008, the government faced a housing crisis caused by

foreclosures

When potential recipients of a benefit must establish their genuine need, the government program is called

means tested

Which of the following is a program of forced savings

medicare

What was "outdoor relief" distributed by private charities?

money

Which group was the first to receive government assistance throughout the United States?

mothers with dependent children

Spending on government programs such as medicare and medicaid has proven difficult to control because

of the growing number of people eligible and because of rising health care costs.

The goals of American social policy are

often controversial

Since the mid-1990s, by how much has the number of welfare recipients declined in the United States?

over 50%

What was the most significant education policy developed by the federal government in the nineteenth century?

the establishment of land-grant colleges

What event brought federal attention to elementary school education?

the fear that the soviets were winning the cold war through better technology

Which of the following groups receives the most benefits from government's social policies?

the middle class

Which of the following is an example of nineteenth-century "indoor relief"?

the police station

A cost-of-living adjustment is based on what?

the rate of inflation

Since the welfare reforms of 1996, what is the primary reason for receiving federal cash assistance if one is nonworking and able-bodied?

the recipient is caring for children

Which of the following can be concluded from the results of the 1996 welfare reforms?

the reforms have reduced the number of people on welfare, but have done little to reduce poverty

The "individual mandate" refers to

the requirement that uninsured individuals purchase health insurance

The federal government's spending on on AFDC fell after the mid 1970's because

unlike Social Security, AFDC was not indexed to inflation. fewer and fewer people needed the benefits provided by the program. most state governments started refusing to accept federal money for welfare programs.

How does an entitlement differ from a right

unlike an entitlement, a right cannot be taken away by an act of congress

Which of the following is the best example of the shadow welfare state?

workplace medical insurance