Federal Government 2306- Unit 2: Chapter 2

Shays' Rebellion was an uprising of farmers against the government of Massachusetts over what two issues?

1. back pay for military service 2. taxes

The Constitution gave Congress the power to end the importation of new slaves in which year?

1808

A U.S. representative (member of the House) has a term of service of

2 years.

Which of the following were features of the Virginia Plan for national government? 1. States would control defense and interstate trade. 2. It would include a bicameral legislature. 3. States with the largest populations would have the most representatives. 4. The upper house would elect the lower house.

2. It would include a bicameral legislature. 3. States with the largest populations would have the most representatives.

A key concern for the group known as the ______ was that the proposed Constitution lacked a bill of rights.

Anti-Federalists

According to the Virginia Plan, who or what would exercise power in all areas "in which the separate states are incompetent"?

Congress

One way to propose an amendment to the Constitution is to have ______.

Congress pass it by at least a two-thirds majority in the House and Senate

On what point concerning separation of powers did the framers disagree with Montesquieu?

Dividing government's authority along institutional lines would provide sufficient separation of power.

Which series of essays did James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay write in support of the Constitution?

Federalist Papers

What was the lesson of the Articles of Confederation?

Government must be granted the amount of power that is necessary for it to carry out its responsibilities.

The federal court case that established judicial review was ______.

Marbury v. Madison

When the states drafted new constitutions after the start of the Revolutionary War, ______ did not have separation of powers. Its negative experience, in which the all-powerful legislature ignored basic rights and freedoms, proved the necessity of separation.

Pennsylvania

What two states were steadfastly opposed to the new union created at Philadelphia?

Rhode Island and North Carolina

One goal of the framers of the Constitution was to ______.

preserve the states as governing entities

Which British policy was the main source of dispute for the American colonists?

taxation without representation

Executive power is vested in ______.

the president

Americans' personal freedom at the time the Constitution was being created is best characterized as ______.

unparalleled

The president's use of the ___________ can prevent a congressional bill from becoming law.

veto

Identify some of the core principles of the Declaration of Independence.

- All men have fundamental rights. - The consent of the governed is fundamental. - All men are equal.

Identify the events that led to creation of the U.S. Constitution.

1. Madison and Hamilton encouraged delegates at the Annapolis Convention to meet again to revise the Articles of Confederation. 2. Shays' rebellion had shown the weakness of the national government under the Articles of Confederation. 3. The Annapolis Convention did not have enough participants to revise the Articles of Confederation.

Which of the following are reasons that the system of government of the United States is in some ways seen as more democratic than those of many European countries? 1. The U.S. system uses primary elections to select party nominees for office. 2. The divided branches of government in the U.S. system increase majority control. 3. The U.S. system elects representatives to its larger legislative chamber more frequently. 4. The U.S. system has a stronger link between the electoral majority and the governing majority.

1. The U.S. system uses primary elections to select party nominees for office. 3. The U.S. system elects representatives to its larger legislative chamber more frequently.

What provisions of the Constitution serve to limit the power of the judicial branch of the federal government? 1. The president appoints federal judges with the consent of the Senate. 2. Congress can restrict the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction in some instances. 3. The Senate can pardon people convicted in the courts. 4. Congress can impeach and remove judges from office.

1. The president appoints federal judges with the consent of the Senate. 2. Congress can restrict the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction in some instances. 4. Congress can impeach and remove judges from office.

Which of the following statements about Shays' Rebellion are correct? 1. The rebellion was led by a former captain in the American army. 2. The primary purpose of the rebellion was to prevent land foreclosures. 3. The rebellion was carried out by a militia armed with muskets. 4. Shays' followers were a large group of farmers.

1. The rebellion was led by a former captain in the American army. 2. The primary purpose of the rebellion was to prevent land foreclosures. 4. Shays' followers were a large group of farmers.

In the framers' view, a republican government does which of the following? 1. adds constraints that protect the rights of individuals 2. gives absolute authority to the majority 3. reduces the likelihood of reckless, hasty actions 4. reduces the risk of tyranny of the majority

1. adds constraints that protect the rights of individuals 3. reduces the likelihood of reckless, hasty actions 4. reduces the risk of tyranny of the majority

What tax policies did the South fear as the negotiations began that eventually resulted in the Three-Fifths Compromise? 1. heavy taxes on manufactured goods imported from Europe 2. heavy taxes on manufactured goods exported from the United States 3. heavy taxes on agricultural goods exported from the United States 4. a tax of any kind on the importation of slaves

1. heavy taxes on manufactured goods imported from Europe 3. heavy taxes on agricultural goods exported from the United States 4. a tax of any kind on the importation of slaves

What are two methods by which modern voters choose the presidential nominee of their party? 1. open party causes 2. party super delegates 3. state primaries 4. national primaries 5. initiatives

1. open party causes 3. state primaries

Which of the following are constitutional grants of power to the national government? 1. raising an army 2. declaring war against another nation 3. taxation 4. establishing a system of public schools

1. raising an army 2. declaring war against another nation 3. taxation

The goals of the First Continental Congress included which of the following? 1. requesting a guarantee of trial by local juries 2. seeking an end to the British military occupation in the colonies 3. asking to be recognized as being independent of Britain 4. asking Britain for their own councils for the imposition of taxes

1. requesting a guarantee of trial by local juries 2. seeking an end to the British military occupation in the colonies 4. asking Britain for their own councils for the imposition of taxes

During the debate over ratification of the Constitution, what objections did the Anti-Federalists raise? 1. The Constitution failed to grant taxing power to the national government. 2. The Constitution lacked a bill of rights. 3. Too much power was being taken from the states and given to the national government. 4. The new Constitution actually lacked a centralized government

2. The Constitution lacked a bill of rights. 3. Too much power was being taken from the states and given to the national government.

The New Jersey Plan called for which of the following? 1. a radical departure from the Articles of Confederation 2. a unicameral legislature 3. an equal vote for each state in the legislature 4. a scheme favoring the large states

2. a unicameral legislature 3. an equal vote for each state in the legislature

Which of the following methods of electing the president were considered by the delegates to the constitutional convention? 1. vote by the members of the Senate only 2. vote by state legislatures 3. direct election by the people 4. vote by the Supreme Court 5. vote of Congress

2. vote by state legislatures 3. direct election by the people 5. vote of Congress

A U.S. senator's term of service is

6 years

The system chose by the framers to select the president is the ______.

Electoral College

The plan that accommodated both large and small states by creating a two-chamber Congress was known as the ______.

Great Compromise

How did Jefferson propose to put his vision of a popular government into practice?

He had no clear idea about how to accomplish his vision.

How did George III react to the demands put forth by the First Continental Congress?

He rejected them outright.

The proposal that tended to favor the less-populated states was called the ______.

New Jersey Plan

Why didn't Congress respond with troops when the governor of Massachusetts asked for assistance during Shays' Rebellion?

There were no troops to send.

How did Madison view factions?

They are natural divisions, but no faction should gain full power.

When did North Carolina and Rhode Island ratify the Constitution?

They ratified only after the other 11 states had done so.

As president, Andrew Jackson implemented much of what ______ had foreshadowed.

Thomas Jefferson

Who argued that "A bill of rights is what the people are entitled to against every government on earth, general or particular, and what no just government should refuse or rest on inference"?

Thomas Jefferson

True or false: It took over 60 votes for the delegates to the constitutional convention to agree on how the president would be chosen.

True

Most historians assume that ______ role in the new government is what tipped the balance toward ratification of the Constitution.

Washington's

What was the central question that led to establishing judicial review?

Who was to decide whether officials were operating within the limits of their constitutional powers?

The Great Compromise created ______.

a bicameral legislature with a lower house based on population and an upper house based on equal representation of the states

Historian Charles Beard described the framers who wrote the U.S. Constitution as ______

a group of wealthy individuals whose main goal was to keep power in the hands of the wealthy

For the Federalists, the Bill of Rights was ______.

a political necessity to get the Constitution ratified

The U.S. Constitution is rarely amended because ______.

amending the Constitution is a difficult, two-step process

The framers' goal of a government that would not threaten liberty was to be accomplished by ______.

an elaborate system of checks and balances

John Adams believed that the nation was best governed by ______.

an elite class

The key point of Madison's Federalist No. 10 is that governments need to be structured carefully in order to ______ factions.

balance and control

Southern delegates to the Philadelphia convention were determined to ______.

block any attempt to end slavery

Thomas Jefferson's interpretation of Locke's ideas, as found in the Declaration of Independence, was a ______.

call for revolution

The principle of _________ and _________ is designed to prevent a branch of the government from exceeding its constitutional powers.

checks balances

While historian Charles Beard's critique of the U.S. Constitution as a vehicle for protecting wealthy interests has some truth to it, the framers were also ______.

concerned with the unchecked rule of the majority

Despite the original purpose of the Philadelphia convention, which was to revise the Articles of Confederation, from its beginning prominent delegates were determined to

create a stronger central government.

A constitution's main purpose is to ______.

define the way that the system of government will legitimately operate

The U.S. system of government is said to be ______ in providing for majority influence through elections.

democratic

The mechanism by which political authority is divided between national government and the states is ______.

federalism

The U.S. president's term of service is

four years.

Under the Articles of Confederation, the states ______.

had more power than the national government

The Three-Fifths Compromise was the result of negotiations between northern and southern states over ______.

how to count slaves for the purpose of taxation and representation

Madison, Hamilton, and Jay wrote The Federalist Papers ______.

in support of the Constitution

The president's ability to veto a bill ______.

is a check on Congress

In the Electoral College, each state has electors equal to ______.

its representation in Congress

The principle that individuals should be free to act and think as they choose, provided they do not infringe unreasonably on the freedom and well-being of others, is known as ______.

liberty

A government that is subject to strict legal constraints on the uses of power so as not to threaten the people's liberty is a ______.

limited government

Another term for "inalienable rights" is ______ rights.

natural

The agreement of ______ states was required to enact legislation under the Articles of Confederation.

nine Reason: Thirteen states were needed to amend the Articles of Confederation, but only nine states were needed to enact legislation.

As defined by the framers, who or what limits the majority's power in a democracy?

nothing and no one

Historical evidence suggests that a majority of ordinary Americans ______ ratification of the Constitution.

opposed

One key risk of ___________ government is the potential for tyranny of the majority.

popular, democratic, majoritarian, or representative

Regular voters select their party nominees through ______ elections.

primary

According to Andrew Jackson, what requirement should not be used to determine who has the right to vote?

property

Jefferson and Jackson had different views concerning the branch of government that was best equipped to ______.

represent the views of the majority

The challenge facing the framers was how to reconcile ______.

representative government and limited government

Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the judicial branch's power of judicial

review

Political scientist Richard Neustadt described the system of checks and balances set up by the framers of the Constitution as system of ______.

separated institutions sharing power

The belief that the power of government can be controlled by dividing it into several branches instead of concentrating it in one area is known as ______.

separation of powers

The ratification of what constitutional amendment made the direct election of senators, a cause long supported by Progressives, the law of the land?

seventeenth

According to John Locke's theory, called the ______, people agree to form a government in order to protect society from the actions of dangerous individuals.

social contract

In the United States, what is the highest law of the land?

the Constitution

At the time the Constitution was created, what was the only institution that would be based on direct popular election?

the House of Representatives

When the president makes a treaty, it must be approved by ______.

the Senate

Following the French and Indian War, Britain for the first time imposed what on the colonies?

the implementation of heavy taxation

In a majority of the state conventions to ratify the Constitution (8 of 13), it was claimed that ______ would have the power to nullify actions that violated the Constitution.

the judiciary

Who or what has the power to pardon persons convicted in the courts?

the president

The framers tried to balance the need to give people a voice in their government against the need to prevent ______.

the tyranny of the majority

Amending the Articles of Confederation required ______ states to approve of the amendment.

thirteen reason: Thirteen states needed to agree to amend the Articles of Confederation, but only nine states needed to agree to enact legislation in Congress.

Andrew Jackson argued that electoral votes should be ______.

tied to the popular vote

Why does our Constitution contain checks and balances?

to prevent the arbitrary use of power

The Articles of Confederation gave the most power ______.

to the individual states