FF1 Chapter 10
Why must locating and isolating the fire be a priority before any search?
Entering to search provides a ventilation opening to the structure, which could cause fire to spread.
In which situation would it be appropriate to call a MAYDAY?
A firefighter is trapped
In which situation would firefighters likely use an air monitoring device?
A medical call where multiple victims have collapsed for an unknown reason
Which coupling on a hoseline will indicate you are headed toward an egress point?
Male
In which search method does the leader remain at a fixed point while searching team members spread out through a room to complete a search?
Oriented-search method
Which type of search is intended to quickly find victims before or during suppression operations?
Primary search
_____ consist of at least two trained members standing by in case a firefighter must be rescued.
Rapid intervention crews
What is the purpose of a rapid intervention crew (RIC)?
Rescue injured or trapped firefighters
Which situation would be considered a MAYDAY situation?
SCBA malfunctions
How can you help rescuers find you if you are forced to shelter in place?
Shine a light through available windows to draw attention to your location
Which of the following actions should be taken immediately when MAYDAY is broadcast?
All radio traffic ceases and only traffic relating to the MAYDAY is allowed.
An advantage of marking with latch straps is that they:
prevent the door from closing.
Escaping to a safe haven is the best options when:
there is imminent threat of structural collapse.
A minimum of _____ firefighters are needed to perform VEIS if using a ladder.
three
Which acronym describes the mandatory tools carried by a rapid intervention crew?
AWARE - Air, Water, A Radio, Extrication
When does the secondary search take place?
After the fire is under control
Where should you start the search on the fire floor?
As close to the fire as possible
What should you do if you become entangled while trying to evacuate a building?
Broadcast a MAYDAY, then attempt to free yourself
Which action can protect the egress pathways during a search so that the search team can escape if conditions change rapidly?
Close doors along the egress path after rooms are searched
Which type of carry or drag is commonly used for children, but is not practical for unconscious adults?
Cradle-in-arms lift/carry
What is the best option when rapid fire development is about to occur?
Escape to a safe haven
What is the safest option if there is imminent threat of structural collapse?
Escape to a safe haven outside the hazard area
What is a rescuer's role in occupant self-evacuation?
Establishing a safe haven away from the structure
After locating a downed firefighter in an IDLH atmosphere, what is the RIC's priority?
Exiting the IDLH atmosphere
Which basic firefighting skill serves as an essential survival skill during search and rescue operations?
Forcing a window or cutting through debris
In which location would sheltering-in-place likely be used instead of evacuation?
Hospital
One limitation of thermal imagers is that:
If a structure is carpeted, they may not be able to detect fire on the floors below.
Which is an accurate statement about using an air-monitoring device?
If devices are used incorrectly, the safety of everyone around can be in jeopardy.
Which method is designed to enable a rescuer to move a victim up or down a stairway?
Incline drag
What should be done when an injured victim is found during search and rescue?
Injured victims should not be moved until they have been assessed and treated, unless they or the firefighter are in immediate danger.
Why is breaching interior walls not a preferred method of escape?
It requires strength, depletes air supply, and creates an additional flow path.
Which of the following is one of the three principles of air management?
Know your point of no return.
Which condition specific to search and rescue operations should be communicated to crew members and/or your supervisor?
Known locations of victims or occupants
Why should personnel search behind doors and on the floor below windows?
Smoke may overcome occupants while they are trying to escape.
Which tool or piece of equipment does a rapid intervention crew (RIC) need to carry?
Spare SCBA cylinder
Which action will improve survivability and possibly provide more time to escape a situation that is immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH)?
Staying low to the floor
How does staying low to the floor improve survivability?
Temperatures are cooler and air may be less contaminated
Why should firefighters exit the IDLH before their low-pressure alarm activates?
The remaining air is insufficient to exit from deep inside a large structure and does not take into account emergencies that may be encountered.
What types of tools and equipment do search and rescue personnel carry?
Thermal imagers and forcible entry tools
When should you check your SCBA gauge to see how much air you have left?
When the assigned area is reached
Which search method employs the use of markers such as knots at regular intervals along the search line to indicate distance from the beginning of the search line?
Wide-area search method
A primary search is:
a fast, thorough search performed either before or during fire suppression operations.
A MAYDAY is called when:
a firefighter is in immediate danger.
The AHJ should establish action levels that describe how firefighters should respond to high- or low-level alarms while performing:
air monitoring.
Air monitoring is performed at incidents in order to determine the:
appropriate PPE and equipment to use.
When you are seeking to escape and you locate a window, you should:
ask Command if opening the window will make interior conditions worse.
You should leave the hazard zone:
at the same time as your team.
An atmosphere is considered oxygen-deficient when oxygen levels are:
below 19.5%.
To employ effective air management techniques during search and rescue, firefighters must:
check SCBA air levels after periods of heavy work.
When conducting search and rescue operations, firefighters should:
close doors to create protected areas and avoid creating additional flow paths.
If a fire is encountered in a room during search and rescue operations, rescuers should:
close the door and report the conditions.
If you think your life is in immediate danger, transmit the MAYDAY signal and then:
communicate your situation to the IC before activating your PASS device.
Situational awareness during structural search and rescue includes:
communicating changes in fire spread and visibility levels.
Firefighters use air-monitoring devices to:
detect oxygen levels and hazardous substances.
A tracking device set to search mode:
displays the distance and direction toward another receiver.
Before entering an IDLH environment, you must:
ensure that your SCBA is turned on, working properly, and contains a full cylinder of air.
When removing a firefighter with functioning SCBA from a hazardous location:
move the firefighter carefully so as not to dislodge the mask.
During search and rescue operations, rescuers should NOT:
enter a structure where survivors are not likely to be found.
When an evacuation signal is given, all units on scene must:
give a personnel accountability report (PAR).
For firefighters, the environment may remain tenable as long as:
heat levels and duration of the interior operations stay within acceptable limits for the PPE and SCBA provided.
An advantage of using thermal imagers during search and rescue operations is:
improved visibility in an obscured environment.
Under normal conditions, air management increases your work time, but if you are lost or trapped, it:
increases the amount of time you can survive before escaping or being rescued.
To remain safe when evacuating a structure,:
keep in contact with the wall.
Before entering an area that is immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH), you must:
know an alternate means of egress from the structure.
In order to conduct an effective search operation, firefighters must know the:
layout or floor plan of the building.
If you are near the downed firefighter when a MAYDAY transmission is made:
listen closely for your orders after the transmission and do not freelance.
An atmosphere is considered hazardous if it contains a hazardous gas in excess of 10 percent of the hazardous material's:
lower explosive limit.
If there is heavy smoke or extreme heat in a compartment that is being searched, rescuers should:
move below the smoke level.
If an exterior wall must be breached during search and rescue operations, rescue personnel:
must coordinate with the IC and ventilation teams before making the opening.
Panic, claustrophobia, and disorientation are effects of:
obscured vision conditions.
Search and rescue marks should be placed:
on the lower third of the door, the lower third of the adjacent wall, or in the landing of the adjacent stairs.
Actions such as opening a bypass valve on a cylinder, sharing air, and breathing directly from the cylinder are:
possible solutions to air emergencies.
To be physically and mentally prepared for survival during search and rescue operations, you should:
practice emergency exit techniques.
When any evacuation signal is given, all exiting crews must:
proceed to a designated safe area outside the collapse zone.
Immediately after a MAYDAY is broadcast, all:
radio traffic unrelated to the MAYDAY must stop.
VEIS is only intended for:
rapid rescue of victims and the isolation of individual rooms.
Rooms or close areas where the door can be closed to prevent the spread of heat, smoke, and toxic gases into that space are called:
safe havens.
A search of the fire floor generally:
starts as close to the fire as possible and works back toward the entrance.
While in a structure searching for a downed firefighter, the RIC should:
stop frequently and briefly remain silent.
During a wide-area search, every team member is equipped with a:
tether line.
If air monitoring indicates that the oxygen level in the atmosphere is below 19.5 percent,:
the IC or Incident Safety Officer should be notified.
Your point of no return is based on:
the lowest cylinder gauge reading of any member of the team.
During a secondary search, rescuers should not remove SCBA until:
the supervisor or safety officer determines that the atmosphere is safe.
Secondary searches:
use the same steps as primary searches.
The four steps involved in VEIS are:
vent, enter, isolate, search.
A bump test is performed to:
verify that a gas detector is functioning properly.
Shelter-in-place is used as an alternative to evacuation when:
victims are so injured that they cannot be moved.
In order to safely conduct a primary search, rescuers should:
work in teams of two or more.
