Final Exam

What is the net gain from a molecule of glucose during the krebs cycle?

2 ATP, 6NADH, 2FADH2

How many ATP are produced during glycolysis and pyruvate oxidation?

4

What does the S stand for in this equation? ΔG = ΔH − TΔS

Entropy is the degree of disorder

Glucose processing has four components. Which component takes place in the cytosol?

Glycolysis

Which of the following statements reflects the first law of thermodynamics?

The energy of the starting materials for a reaction will equal the sum of energies of the products plus energy released as heat and disorder.

Which of the following statements reflects the second law of thermodynamics?

a. The amount of useable energy resulting from a reaction will always be less than the total energy available in the starting materials.

3. The reactions in the pathways of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle harvest the high-energy electrons stored in glucose. Therefore, these pathways _______________.

are catabolic pathways

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by ____.

b. decreasing the activation energy

What type of energy is stored in the chemical bonds of a molecule?

c. potential energy

Which of the following statements is true about enzyme-catalyzed reactions?

d. The reaction is faster than the same reaction in the absence of the enzyme.