Final Exam

A counselor trainee makes the following comment in class: "I would never work with a counselor who has been a client in counseling! If they can't handle their own problems, how could they possibly be effective in helping others?" What would be an appropriate response on the part of the instructor? A. "Our own work as a client can teach us valuable lessons about how to creatively facilitate deeper levels of self-exploration in clients. And it tends to increase out appreciation for the courage out clients display in their therapeutic journeys." B. "You're right! Counselors who need counseling are probably unstable and should not interact with clients." C. "I can't believe we admitted you into this training program. You should be ashamed of yourself for saying that..." D. "Well, I have been in counseling. Are you suggesting that I am ineffective?"

A

Counselors who leave their reactions and selves out of their clinical work... A. are likely to be ineffective counselors and merely technical experts. B. are most likely psychodynamic practitioners who are creating the analytic framework. C. are definitely practicing in an unethical manner and might be violating laws depending on the state in which they are practicing. D. have mastered setting good boundaries in therapy.

A

Counselors______ must examine their expectations, attitudes, biases, and assumptions about the counseling process and also about persons from diverse groups. A. from all cultural groups B. from oppressed cultural groups C. residing in affluent areas D. who received their training from non-accredited programs

A

Which of the following statements about therapeutic goals is true? A. Setting goals is inextricable related to values. B. Clients initially tend to have a clear sense of what they expect from therapy. C. The exploration of what a client wants from therapy should rarely be discussed during the first few sessions because it can feel overwhelming to him or her. D. A client who lacks therapeutic goals does not belong in therapy.

A

Yolanda, a therapist specializing in working with adolescents, told a young pregnant client to strongly consider giving her child up for adoption. In Yolanda's words: "Certainly you don't want to eliminate the possibility of going to college and ruin your future by having a child at such a young age, right?" Yolanda is... A. doing the client a favor by being direct and offering her guidance. B. exerting influence and imposing her values on the client. C. merely exposing her own values, and thus, is behaving ethically. D. surely projecting her own life story onto the client.

B

________________ refer to aspects such as alliance, the relationship, the personal and interpersonal skills of the therapist, client agency, and extra-therapeutic factors. A. Technical factors B. Contextual factors C. Subjective factors D. Phenomenological factors

B

Linda, a licensed therapist with strong negative opinions about homosexuality and gay marriage, believes that her clients Joe and Robert should dissolve their relationship and give heterosexuality a chance. Linda is... A. being true to her own values; thus, her advice to Joe and Robert is ethical. B. behaving in an illegal manner. C. not maintaining an objective stance and seems to be encapsulated by her worldview. D. qualified to assess whether of not Joe and Robert should remain a couple because she is licensed.

C

There is considerable evidence indicating that the _______ of the psychotherapist is inextricably intertwined with the outcome of psychotherapy. A. decor of the office B. socioeconomic status C. person D. genetic makeup E. general attractiveness

C

Understanding the sociopolitical system of which clients are a part is... A. something that only social workers do. B. a requirement only for those who want to specialize in social justice issues. C. necessary in order to become multiculturally competent. D. not important for therapists working in private practice.

C

Which of the following statements about effective counseling is NOT true? A. Effective counselors have the courage to leave the security of the known if they are not satisfied with the way they are. B. Effective counselors feel adequate with others and allow others to feel powerful with them. C. Effective counselors are certain that their knowledge about human nature is correct and feel obligated to steer their clients away from making poor decisions. D. Effective counselors are committed to living fully rather than settling for mere existence.

C

Yi-Lung, a recent immigrant from Taiwan, has been encouraged by his American girlfriend to join her in couples counseling. During the first session, Yi-Lung seems reluctant to self-disclose and admits that he does not believe counseling is the best way for them to address their problems. The counselor should... A. try to understand how Yi-Lung perceives the value of formal helping. B. realize the Yi-Lung may have different expectations about the helping process based on his cultural background. C. take Yi-Lung's degree of acculturation into account when working with him and his girlfriend. D. All of these

D

As a therapist, it is your function to persuade clients to accept or adopt your value system since it has been perfected through years of training.

False

Clients place more value on the specific techniques used rather than on the personality of the therapist.

False

If clients express a desire for you to give them answers, you should do so.

False

It is a professional obligation, for counselors to develop a sensitivity to their clients' cultural differences.

False

It is impossible for human beings to maintain a sense of objectivity; thus, therapists who attempt to maintain objectivity are fooling themselves.

False

Judging the appropriate amount of self-disclosure is only a problem for new counselors.

False

Empirical research strongly and consistently supports the centrality of the therapeutic relationships as a primary factor contributing to psychotherapy outcomes.

True

If counselors hide behind the safety of their professional role, their clients will likely keep themselves hidden in therapy.

True

Meta-analyses of studies on therapeutic effectiveness have shown that techniques have relatively little effect on therapeutic outcome.

True

Most beginning counselors have ambivalent feelings when meeting their first clients.

True