FINAL EXAM
All of the following are questions relevant to human resource planning EXCEPT:
"What was the volume of business over the past five years?"
What is the contingency view?
- Every situation is unique - Managers must determine what method will work - Managers must identify key contingencies for the current situation
What is total quality management?
- strongly associated with Japan - integrate high-quality values in every activity
Which of the following is(are) an advantage of team structure?
-Increased barriers among departments -Unplanned decentralization -Time and resources spent on meetings -Less response time, quicker decisions
Organizational structure includes which of these?
-The set of formal tasks assigned to individuals -the set of formal tasks assigned to departments -the design of systems to ensure effective coordination of employees across departments -formal reporting relationships
Disadvantages of the virtual network approach include
-a lack of hands-on control. -the possibility of losing an important part of the organization. -weakened employee loyalty.
When the organization is structured along ____ lines, coordination is required.
-functional -divisional -team
Advantages of the matrix structure include
-it increases employee participation. -it makes efficient use of human resources. -it works well in a changing environment. -it develops both general and specialist management skills.
The team approach to departmentalization is a response to
-lack of participative teams. -centralized decision-making. -the competitive global environment.
An example of organizational change is?
-the switch to a new production method -the decision to offer a new product line -the introduction of a new pay for performance system.
What are the four elements of quality management?
1. Employee involvement 2. Focus on the customer 3. Benchmarking 4. Continuous Improvement
1. __________, a french mining engineer, was a major contributor of administrative principles.
1. Henri Fayol
What are four strategies of behavioral sciences approach?
1. Matrix organizations 2. Self-managed teams 3. Corporate culture 4. Management by wandering around
What are the five functions of management in the administrative principles?
1. Planning 2. Organizing 3. Commanding 4. Coordinating 5. Controlling
What are the three subfields of the classical perspective?
1. Scientific Management 2. Bureaucratic Organizations 3. Administrative Principles
In bureaucratic organizations, one would manage organizations on an 1. ______________ rational basis. Managers use 2. _______ instead of 3. _________ to delegate.
1. impersonal 2. power 3. personality
Family and Medical Leave Act require employers to provide up to _____ weeks unpaid leave for childbirth, adoption, or family emergencies.
12
Of the companies on Fortune magazine's first list of America's 500 largest corporations published in 1955, how many survived the next half century?
71
A recent poll found that ________ percent of people surveyed say corporate America's moral compass is pointing in the wrong direction.
76
What percentage of a manager's time is spent in direct communication?
80 percent
Small businesses represent _____ percent of all firms and employ about half of all private sector employees.
98
Which variation of new venture teams is described as a small separate, informal, highly autonomous, and often selective group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business?
A Skunkwork
In _____, every situation is viewed as unique.
A case view
Ethics
A code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviors of a person or group with respect to what is right and wrong.
Jackie, a new employee of yours, strikes you as curious, open-minded person. Keep your eye on jackie, for she she may very well be?
A creative individual
Which of the following refers to a formal team composed of employees from about the same hierarchical level but from different areas of expertise?
A cross-functional team
Theresa works in an organization where coordination across organizational units is poor and the units perceived themselves to be in competition with one another for organizational resources. These characteristics are consistent with which of the following structures?
A divisional structure
Ethics committee
A group of executives appointed to oversee company ethics. Provides rulings on questionable ethical issues and assumes responsibility for disciplining wrongdoers.
Which of the following is an incorrect fit in a stable organizational environment?
A horizontal structure
Which of the following structures works best in an uncertain organizational environment?
A horizontal structure
_____ is a systematic process of gathering and interpreting information about the essential duties.
A job analysis
_____ is a listing of job duties and desirable qualifications for a particular job.
A job description
After every quarterly board meeting, Bernice's Bracelets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm?
A lack of trust
At the top of the goal hierarchy is:
A mission
Recently, a high level manager at Trophy Trinkets noted a rise in customer satisfaction complaints. This rise is inconsistent with Trophy's goals in this area. This manager has identified
A need for change
Which of the following is an unincorporated business owned by two or more?
A partnership
Which of the following is a popular small business form because it is easy to start and has few legal requirements?
A proprietorship
_____ is a role in which the individual provides support for team members' emotional needs.
A socioemotional role
Vivian, as a vice-president of marketing, is far removed from the research and development department. However, she keeps a close eye on what is happening in R & D and tries to support good ideas whenever she can by removing unnecessary organizational obstacles. Vivian is a good example of?
A sponsor
Which of the following refers to a unit of two or more people who interact and coordinate their work to accomplish a specific objective?
A team
Which of the following structures is an incorrect fit in an unstable organizational environment?
A vertical structure
____ works best in a stable organizational environment.
A vertical structure
According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in Chapter 11, the eight-step plan for implementing change in an organization includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Establish a sense of urgency B. Form a powerful coalition of mangers C. Communicate the vision D. Empower others to act on the vision E. All of these are steps to the plan!
With most new employees in the late 20's and early 30's, Albertson and Sons Inc. has learned that helping new employees secure home loans has been a valuable service that pays off in the long term. This is an example of what type of diversity initiative or program?
Accommodating special needs
_____ is a control system that identifies the various activities needed to produce a product and determines the cost of those activities.
Activity-based costing
Individualism approach
Acts are moral when they promote the individual's best long-term interests. The greater good is ultimately served.
Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model?
Addresses the entire system
Which model of decision making is associated with satisficing, bounded rationality, and uncertainty?
Administrative
____ is a policy requiring employers to be proactive in being certain that equal opportunity exists for all within their organization.
Affirmative action
Jay is a trusting and forgiving individual who gets along with others because of being good-natured and cooperative. This describes which of the Big Five personality factors?
Agreeableness
Empowering employees means giving employees _____. a) information b) knowledge c) power d) rewards e) all of these
All of these
Heroes are important to an organization due to the fact that they: a) exemplify key values of the organization. b) exemplify a strong corporate culture. c) serve as examples to other employees. d) all of these. e) none of these.
All of these
In a family where both parents work, which of the following may be helpful to accommodate the parents' needs? a) Childcare b) Flexible work schedule c) Home-based employment d) Maternity or paternity leaves e) All of these
All of these
Political risk is defined as an organization's risk of _____ due to politically based events or actions by host governments. a) loss of assets b) managerial control c) earning power d) all of these e) managerial control and earning power only
All of these
___ is (are) categories of sexual harassment a. Inappropriate/offensive b. Coercion with threat of punishment c. Solicitation with promise of reward d. Generalized e. All of these
All of these
____ aspects of management do not change when doing business internationally. a) Planning b) Organizing c) Controlling d) Leading e) All of these
All of these
_____ is(are) categories of sexual harassment. a) Inappropriate/offensive b) Coercion with threat of punishment c) Solicitation with promise of reward d) Generalized e) All of these
All of these
For a program decision:
Alternatives are usually easy to identify
Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be?
Ambidextrous
Which of the following means that the goals to be achieved or the problem to be solved is unclear, alternatives are difficult to define, and information about outcomes is unavailable?
Ambiguity
_____ is by far the most difficult situation for a decision-maker.
Ambiguity
The _____ prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals by employers for a demand of "reasonable accommodation."
American with Disabilities Act
According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in chapter 13, which of the following is not a characteristic used to help foreign managers understand americas?
Americans are formal
Channel richness refers to the:
Amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode.
Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of?
An Idea champion
Which of the following describes a person who is passionately committed to a new product of idea despite rejection by others?
An Idea champion
John has tremendous technical skills and frequently comes up with valuable ideas. However, he has little idea how to promote it within the organization. John is a good example of?
An Inventor
Which of the following is a device for collecting information about an applicant's education, previous job experience, and other background characteristics?
An application form
Which of the following describes a person who is passionately committed to a new product of idea despite rejection by others?
An idea champion
Which of the following is a person who sees the need for and fights for productive change in an organization?
An idea champion
Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference's from company bureaucracy or polotics?
An idea incubator
_____ is considered a decision that enables an individual or company to benefit at society's expense.
An unethical behavior
Stakeholder
Any group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment or interest in the organization's performance and is affected by the organizations actions.
According to business week, who was ranked as the worlds most innovative company?
Apple
Which of the following is inappropriate to ask on an employment application?
Applicant's ancestry/ethnicity
_____ is the final step in the MBO process.
Appraise overall performance
Top Managers
Are at the top of the hierarchy and are responsible for the entire organization
Creative organizations..
Are loosely structured
Profit-maximizing view
Argues that corporations should be operated on a profit-oriented basis, with it sole mission to increase its profits.
Ethical dilemma
Arises in a situation concerning right or wrong when values are in conflict. Right and wrong can not be clearly identified.
Moral-rights approach
Asserts that human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by an individual's decision. An ethically correct decision is one that best maintains the rights of those affected by it.
Which of these can best describe organizing?
Assigning responsibility for task accomplishment
_____ leaders know and understand themselves, act consistently with high order ethical values, and empower and inspire others.
Authentic
Which of these is sometimes called negative reinforcement?
Avoidance learning
Which of the following is a comprehensive management control system that balances traditional financial measures with operational measures relating to a company's critical success factors?
Balanced scorecard
Which of the following is NOT one of Porter's competitive forces?
Bargaining power of stockholders
Ethical responsibility
Be ethical, do what is right, avoid harm.
Which of these styles is adopted by managers who have a deep concern for others as individuals?
Behavioral
most globalized countries
Belgium, Ireland, Austria, the Netherlands, and Singapore.
Which need describes the desire to be accepted by one's peer, have friendships, be part of a group, and be loved?
Belongingness needs
Which of the following is the process of measuring your organizational process against the best in the industry?
Benchmarking
Boars' Nest Distributors is continually hampered by an inability to adapt to an unstable environment. Which of the following is a plausible explanation as to why?
Boars' Nest uses a vertical structure.
_____ is a concept that proposes that corporations can alleviate poverty and other social ills by selling to the world's poorest people.
Bottom of the pyramid
The Digitec company has recently decided to design and manufacture a laptop that retails for under $50, in an effort to make information technology available to people in places like rural Africa and rural India. This is known as what type of strategy?
Bottom of the pyramid strategy
Which of the following roles are assumed by people and/or departments that link and coordinate the organization with key elements in the external environment?
Boundary-spanning
Strategic goals
Broad statements of where the organization wants to be in the future; pertain to the organization as a whole rather than to specific divisions or departments.
Which of those actions did the US supreme court take?
Broadened the definition of sexual harassment to include same sex harassment and harassment of men by female coworkers
_____ control is the process of setting targets for an organizations expenditures.
Budgetary
_____ does not focus on a single receiver, uses limited information cues, and does not permit feedback.
Bulletins
The BCG matrix organizes along which of the following dimensions?
Business growth rate and market share
_____ allow employees to select the benefits of greatest value to them.
Cafeteria-plan benefits packages
Which of these is a financial budget that estimates cash flows on a daily basis or weekly basis to ensure that the company can meet its obligations?
Cash budget
All of the following are examples of creative organizations EXCEPT?
Centralization
____ means that decision authority is located near the ____ of the organization.
Centralization, top
_____ means that decision authority is located near the _____ of the organization.
Centralization; top
In times of crisis or risk of company failure, authority should be:
Centralized at the top
Which of the following means that all the information the decision-maker needs is fully available?
Certainty
The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organization.
Change
The adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization is known as organizational.
Change
Communication and education tactic to change implementation should be used when
Change is technical
Which of the following is the intervention stage of organization development in which individuals experiment with new workplace behavior?
Changing
When an electronic mail system is installed as part of the communication system, what element of the communication process is changed?
Channel
_____ refers to the amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode.
Channel richness
"A fire that ignites followers" is used to describe which leadership characteristic?
Charisma
Which of the following types of leader is one who has the ability to motivate subordinates to transcend their expected performance?
Charismatic
As a first step into international business, which two countries are most companies going to today?
China and India
Lenovo
China's first global corporation, with managers coming from 14 different nations, living and working in six cities on three continents.
lower-cost technological and scientific brainpower
China, India and Brazil
In what order does the eight perspectives occur over time?
Classical perspective---> Humanistic perspective ---> Quantitative (management science) perspective -----> Systems Thinking ----> Contingency View-----> Total Quality Management ----> The technology-Driven Workplace ----> Open (collaborative) innovation
Which of the following is the process of forming alliances among managers during the decision making process?
Coalition building
Sandbox Sally's, Inc. is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees. Some of the employees are not happy with the changes. As their manager, Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave. What approach to change implementation is Harry using?
Coercion
Which approach to change implementation should be used when a crisis exists?
Coercion
Matthew is Mandy's supervisor. He promises to fire her is she does not engage in sexual activity with him. This type of sexual harassment would deb categorized as
Coercion with threat of punishment
Which of the following types of power is vested in the manager's ability to punish employees?
Coercive
Beth, a middle manager at Heather's Handbags, uses threats and punishments as ways of influencing the behavior of his subordinates. Which of the following sources of power is Beth relying on?
Coercive power
When trying to overcome the resistance for change, which approach is best suited when change is technical?
Communication
TooEasy, Inc. is changing from a manual ordering system to a computer-based ordering system. As part of the implementation procedures, the company invests in detailed, comprehensive training classes. What approach to change implementation is TooEasy using?
Communication and education
Chief ethics officer
Company executive who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance, including establishing and communicating standards, ethic training, etc.
Which of the following refers to all monetary payments and all goods or commodities used in lieu of money to reward employees?
Compensation
Which of the following is NOT a need proposed by Maslow in his hierarchy of needs theory?
Compensation needs
Which of these is NOT a part of an organization's general environment?
Competitors
_____ are most important at the top management level.
Conceptual skills
Which is an advantage of the divisional structure?
Concern for customers' needs is high
Which of the following is a follower who participates actively in the organization but does not use critical thinking skills?
Conformist
Which of the following refers to the degree to which a person is focused on a few goals, thus behaving in ways that are responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented?
Conscientiousness
Which of the following is a model of leadership that describes the relationship between leadership styles and specific organizational situations?
Contingency approach
What are the two principal advantages of forming a corporation?
Continuity and limits on owner's liability
When Troy measures his employees' performance and compares their performance against the goals he set for them, he is performing which of these functions?
Controlling
_____ is the management function concerned with monitoring employees' activities, keeping the organization on track toward its goals, and making corrections as needed.
Controlling
Which of the following pertains to the organization as a whole?
Corporate-level strategy
You are violating which of these goal characteristics when you attempt to create goals for every aspect of employee behavior?
Cover key result areas
Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as what type of organization?
Creative organization
The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is called?
Creativity
Which of the following refers to the generation of novel solutions to perceived problems?
Creativity
_____ enables firms to cope with unexpected events that are so sudden and devastating that they have the potential to destroy the organization if managers aren't prepared with a quick and appropriate response.
Crisis planning
The role of the ____ is to prevent people in other roles from adopting a bad idea.
Critic
The role of the _____ is to prevent people in other roles from adopting a bad idea.
Critic
Cooltown University recently invited members of its social network group to enter a contest on U-Tube to design the best video promoting the university. This is an example of what innovative approach?
Crowdsourcing
The ability to interact effectively with people of different cultures refers to:
Cultural competence
A nation's _____ includes the shared knowledge, beliefs and values, as well as the common modes of behavior and ways of thinking, among members of a society.
Culture
Which of the following refers to a major shift in the norms, values, attitudes, and mindset of the entire organization?
Culture change
TickTock Clock Corporation is attempting to develop a truly diverse workplace. TickTock's president assigned the human resources department the task or determining the demographics of the local area labor market. This is an attempt to change existing ____ within the organization
Cultures
_____ refers to borrowing money that has to be repaid in order to start a business.
Debt financing
Which of the following is considered a leverage ratio?
Debt ratio
_____ refers to a team communication structure in which team members freely communicate with one another and arrive at decisions.
Decentralized network
Which of the following is a choice made from available alternatives?
Decision
_____ refers to the process of identifying problems and then resolving them.
Decision-making
Shoshanna is manager of a customer service firm where she oversees five subordinates. To help her subordinates learn more about the different roles within the company, Shoshanna regularly assigns them tasks that are not part of their normal routine. This is an example of:
Delegation
Rebecca, a human resource manager at WorldPlus Corp., regularly establishes numerical goals tied to diversity, such as tracking salaries, rates of promotion, and managerial positions for woman and minorities. This involves which step for developing diversity and cultural competence
Demanding results and revisiting goals
Which of the following is the basis for grouping positions into departments and departments into the total organization?
Departmentalization
Principle based statements
Designed to affect corporate culture; they define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees.
"When did it occur" and "how did it occur" are questions associated with which step of the decision making process?
Diagnosis and analysis of causes
You are the production manager for Connor's Construction, Inc. You decide to change the production procedure to increase efficiency. One of your long-time foremen is resisting the change, insisting that the idea won't work. He is exhibiting what obstacle to change?
Different assessment and goals
Which of the following strategies involve an attempt to distinguish the firm's products or services from others in the industry?
Differentiation
Which strategy can be profitable for an organization when customers are loyal and willing to pay high prices?
Differentiation
Organizations such as Amazon.com, Google, Facebook, and Priceline.com are examples of firms that are based on:
Digital technology
The Write Pens, Inc. wants to reduce transferring costs by producing closer to the consumer in a foreign country. This will also help in reducing transportation and storage costs. Which strategy would be the best to use given the circumstances?
Direct investing
Which of the following responsibilities is purely voluntary and is guided by a company's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics?
Discretionary
For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation?
Disruptive innovation
_____ refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game for producers and consumers.
Disruptive innovation
_________ refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game for producers and consumers.
Disruptive innovation
____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address.
Diversification
_____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address.
Diversification
_____ is defined as all the ways in which people differ.
Diversity
Which of the following refers to special training to help people identify their own cultural boundaries prejudices, and stereotypes and to develop the skills for managing and working in a diverse workplace?
Diversity training
Which of the following is the most common diversity initiative according to fortune 1000 respondents
Diversity-focused recruting
____ is also referred to as work specialization.
Division of labor
The assembly line is most consistent with which of the following general principles of management?
Division of work
The assumption that "If it's not illegal, it must be ethical," ignores which of the following?
Domain of ethics
Theory X and Theory Y was developed by _____.
Douglas McGregor
The _____ involves whether putting effort into a task will lead to high performance.
E -> P expectancy
Resource development, infrastructure, and exchange rates all describe which dimension in the international environment?
Economic
The classical model of decision making is based on _____ assumptions.
Economic
Which of these forces pertain to the availability, production, and distribution of resources in a society?
Economic
Sustainability
Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current generation while preserving the environment for future generations.
Which of the following is a control system that measures performance in terms of after-tax profits minus the cost of capital invested in tangible assets?
Economic value-added system
Which of the following refers to the amount of resources used to achieve an organization's goal?
Efficiency
When managers who express positive emotions such as happiness, enthusiasm, and appreciation trigger these same positive emotions in employees, _____is happening.
Emotion contagion
Whistle-blowing
Employee disclosure of illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices on the employer's part.
_____ is power sharing, or the delegation of power or authority to subordinates in an organization.
Empowerment
Jenna composes an email from home to her boss to inform him that she will be late getting to work that day. The act of composing an email involves which stage of the communication process?
Encoding the message
Which of the following is the process of starting a business venture, organizing the resources, and taking the risks?
Entrepreneurship
The horizontal linkage model is best applied in what type of business environment?
Environment that requires speed
Which of these refers to the financing that consists of funds that are invested in exchange for ownership in the company?
Equity financing
What is the first step in the feedback control system?
Establishing standards of performance
Nelson is motivated by a strong need for recognition and is continually seeking credit for his contributions to the organization. According to Maslow, Neil is motivated by which category of needs?
Esteem
A code of _____ is a formal statement of the company's values concerning ethics and social issues.
Ethics
Which of the following refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviors with respect to what is right and wrong?
Ethics
____ reflects the belief that one's own group is superior to other groups
Ethnocentrism
____ is the belief that groups are inherently equal
Ethnorelativism
Which of the following lists the strategic management process in proper order?
Evaluate current mission/goals; Perform SWOT analysis; Define new mission/goals; Formulate strategy; Execute strategy.
_____ is the last step in the decision making process.
Evaluation and feedback
The conventional stage of moral development is best described by which of the following statements?
Everybody else is doing it, so it must be okay.
Which are used to help determine why employees are leaving their jobs?
Exit Interview
Which of the following is based on the relationships between effort, performance, and outcomes?
Expectancy theory
Which of the following includes anticipated and actual expenses for a responsibility center?
Expense budget
Most firms begin with which strategy to enter foreign markets?
Exporting
Which of the following is an entry strategy in which the organization maintains its production facilities within its home country and transfers its products for sale in foreign markets?
Exporting
___ involves exposing traditional managers to nontraditional peers to help break down stereotypical beliefs
Exposure
Which of these refers to the withdrawal of a positive reward, meaning that behavior is no longer reinforced and hence is less likely to occur in the future?
Extinction
Which communication channel would be most successful to inform managers of impending company-wide layoff?
Face-to-face contact
Which of these is the richest medium for communication?
Face-to-face contact
What is the main concern of first-level managers?
Facilitating individual performance
Technology change involves the hierarchy of authority. goals, administrative procedures and managerial systems.
False
The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as cooperation.
False
A______ team is a multifunctional and sometimes multinational team that works under stringent timelines and is provided with high levels of resources and empowerment to accomplish an accelerated product development project.
Fast-cycle
At LifeCycle Products, a team of individuals from all areas of the company is currently working under a very strict deadline to develop the company's newest product. Luckily, the team is provided with a high level of resources and empowerment from management. This team can best be described as a(n):
Fast-cycle team
In goal-setting theory, which term refers to the need to get information to people about how well they are doing in progressing toward goal achievement?
Feedback
_____ is necessary for communication to be considered two-way.
Feedback
_____ is the extent to which doing the job provides information back to the employee about his or her performance.
Feedback
Which of these reflects a cultural preference for cooperation, group decision making, and quality of life?
Femininity
What is the ideal size of work teams?
Five
Harvest International is anticipating changes in their production procedures. You have been assigned to identify potential barriers to the change and suggest solutions to these barriers. You are using
Force field analysis
Code of ethics
Formal statement of the company's values concerning ethics and social issues; it communicates to employees what the company stands for.
Which of the following is the first stage of team development?
Forming
_____ refers to an arrangement by which the owner of a product or service allows others to purchase the right to distribute the product or service with help from the owner.
Franchising
_____ is considered the "father of scientific management."
Frederick W. Taylor
1.________________ proposed that workers "could be retooled like machines".
Frederick Winslow Taylor (Scientific Management)
_____ managers are responsible for departments that perform a single functional task and have employees with similar training and skills.
Functional
Which of the following structures is most consistent with a strategy of stability?
Functional structure
Which of the following is a formal team composed of a manager and his or her subordinates?
Functional team
Corporate credos
General statements of principle.
Which workforce generation category is characterized as ambitions by lacking loyalty to the organization?
Generation Y
Which workforce generation category is characterized as ambitious but lacking loyalty to the organization?
Generation Y
Salta Communications is a global telecommunications company that has operations on four continents. The CEO's direct supervisors include VPs for the North American South American, European, and the Asian divisions. Salta can best be described as using what organizational structure?
Geographic
Josephine would like to become part of an elite manager network at her company so she can get access to general and line management experience to help her succeed within the company. However, she learns that the manager network is made up exclusively for men. This demonstrates which factory affecting women' careers?
Glass wall
_____ refers to a desired future state that an organization attempts to realize.
Goal
Which term, in goal-setting theory, refers to the need to make goals highly ambitious but achievable?
Goal difficulty
_____ specify future ends and _____ specify today's means.
Goals; plans
1.__________ were key contributors of the human relations movement of the humanistic perspective, and strongly shaped management practice and research.
Hawthorn Studies
_____ occurs when members of a team feel comfortable disagreeing and challenging one another in the interest of finding the best solution.
Healthy conflict
Research has shown that network groups
Help retain minority employees
Which of the following is a basic aim of diversity awareness training
Helping individuals become aware of their own prejudices
Which of the following is a basic aim of diversity awareness training?
Helping individuals become aware of their own prejudices
1._______________ developed the Gantt chart to measure and plan work.
Henry Gantt (Scientific Management)
Which motivation theory proposes that needs must be satisfied in sequence?
Hierarchy of needs theory
Which of the following is a content theory that proposes that people are motivated by physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs?
Hierarchy of needs theory
Rachel is described by her colleagues as pragmatic, super-competitive, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded. She fits which personality category most closely?
High Mach
Research shows that _____are predisposed to being pragmatic, capable of lying to achieve personal goals, more likely to win in win-lose situations, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded.
High Machs
Which of the following is defined as a culture in which communication is used to enhance personal relationships?
High-context culture
Which racial or ethnic category currently represents the largest and fastest growing minority group?
Hispanic
Innovation requires the coordination that occurs with the?
Horizontal linkage model
Which of these questions is central to a functional-level strategy?
How do we support our chosen strategy?
Today, more than ever, strategic decisions are related to human resource considerations. Which of the following refers to the economic value of the knowledge, experience, skills, and capabilities of employees?
Human capital
A key finding in the Hawthorne studies was which of these?
Human relations increased productivity.
_____ refers to the activities undertaken to attract, develop, and maintain an effective workforce within an organization.
Human resource management
_____ is the first step in attracting an effective work force.
Human resource planning
What is theory X?
Human's want to get away with doing as little work as possible
What perspective introduced acceptance theory of authority?
Humanistic Perspective
What type of classical perspective places importance on people rather than engineering techniques?
Humanistic Perspective
_____ means being unpretentious and modest rather than arrogant and prideful.
Humility
_____ standards represent an international standard for quality management.
ISO 9000
Tracy's Trikes believes that each employee should enjoy the idea of working on something that is new, creative, or personally meaningful. Tracy's Trikes exemplifies which of the categories of small business owners?
Idealists
The final step to be managed in the change process is:
Implementation
_____ requires the applicant to play the role of a manager who must decide how to respond to ten memos in his or her in-basket within a two-hour period.
In-basket simulation
Which of the following is the most cited source of new business ideas?
In-depth understanding of industry/profession
Whereas scientific management focused on _____ , administrative principles approach focused on the _____.
Individual productivity; total organization
Postconventional level (principled)
Individuals are guided by an internal set of values based on universal principles of justice and right and will even disobey rules or laws that violate these principles. Internal values more important that outside expectations. Managers: transformative or servant leadership, focus on the needs of the followers, encourage higher levels of moral reasoning. Employees: empowered and given participation in the governance of the organization
Compensatory justice
Individuals should be compensated for the cost of the injuries by the party responsible.
According to business week 72% of top executives reported that _____ is a top priority.
Innovation
_________ refers to the fact that services are perishable and cannot be stored in inventory.
Intangible output
_____ generates higher employee commitment, development, and satisfaction than does _____.
Internal recruiting, external recruiting
Which of the following is NOT a valid component of authentic leadership?
Isolates self from others
Which of the following is not a criticism of scientific management?
It does not appreciate the careful study of tasks and jobs.
Which of these is true about the dog division?
It has a small share of a slow growth market.
Which of these is a major criticism of scientific management?
It ignored the social context of work.
Which of these is true about the business incubator?
It provides shared office space, management support services, and management advice.
Which of the following combines a series of tasks into one new, broader job?
Job enlargement
_____ systematically moves employees from one job to another, thereby increasing the number of different tasks an employee performs without increasing the complexity of any one job.
Job rotation
_____is defined as a positive attitude toward one's job.
Job satisfaction
Which of the following are high-energy people who enjoy handling every detail of their own businesses?
Jugglers
Inventory managers at SYX Enterprises utilize an inventory control system where materials are scheduled to arrive just as they are needed on the production line. This is referred to as:
Just-in-time inventory control
____ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line.
Just-in-time inventory system
Dustin's subordinates are highly trained and all perform similar tasks. Brittany's subordinates are spread over two locations and she has little available in the way of support systems. Which of the following statements is most correct?
Kevin's span of management can be larger than Nichole's.
Which of the following is NOT a legal-political factor in the international environment?
Language
High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would discuss problems and opportunities, and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company. High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool?
Large group intervention
____ is an approach that brings together participants from all parts of the organization to discuss problems or opportunities and plan for major change.
Large-group intervention
Persuasion, motivation, and changes in cultures and values are examples of which of the dimensions used to implement strategy?
Leadership
Using influence to motivate employees describes which of these functions?
Leading
Which of these is the use of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals?
Leading
Which of the following is the power coming from a formal management position in the organization?
Legitimate power
Which of the following refers to the highest level in a hierarchy of manager capabilities?
Level 5 leadership
Which of the following refers to funding activities with borrowed money?
Leverage
Which of the following is a form of franchising?
Licensing
Who is considered the "first lady of management?"
Lillian Gilbreth
Which department performs tasks that reflect the organization's primary goals and mission?
Line
Which of the following refers to the tendency to place the primary responsibility for one's success or failure either within oneself or on outside forces?
Locus of control
_____ is primarily responsible for operational goals/plans.
Lower management
Which of the following is defined as the tendency to direct much of one's behavior toward the acquisition of power and the manipulation of others for personal gain?
Machiavellianism
Which of these is a method of management whereby managers and employees define goals for every department, project, and person and use them to monitor subsequent performance?
Management by objectives
Which of the following happens as organizations grow?
Managers have to find ways to tie different departments
Corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Managers obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society, not just the organization.
Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional management approach?
Managers supervise team members' tasks.
Decentralized planning
Managers work with planning experts to develop their own goals and plans.
Which of the following typically is NOT considered a staff department?
Manufacturing
Carly's Clothes, Inc. manufactures children's clothes. Which of the following departments for Carly's Clothes can be considered a line department?
Manufacturing department
Who are two advocates of the humanistic perspective?
Mary Park Follett and Chester Barnard
Maslow and McGregor extended and challenged current theories: __________ and ________ & ________.
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory X and Theory Y
Swift Move Facilities manufacturers two different bicycle models. The company produces a high volume of products using standardized production runs. The company does very little product customization. Swift Move uses what type of technology structure?
Mass production
1.________ a German theorist, introduced the concepts.
Max Weber (bureaucratic organizations)
Triple bottom line
Measuring an organizations social, environmental and financial performance. People, planet, profits
When informing your staff of the date for the company picnic, a _____ would be most practical and successful.
Memo
Which of the following refers to a higher ranking, senior organizational member who is committed to providing upward mobility and support to a protege's professional career
Mentor
Which of the following refers to a higher ranking, senior organizational member who is committed to providing upward mobility and support to a protégé's professional career?
Mentor
Which of these is(are) primarily concerned with tactical goals/plans?
Middle management
_____ reflects a moderate amount of concern for both people and production.
Middle of the Road Management
The profit-maximizing view of economic responsibility is advocated by ________.
Milton Fiedman
A culture that accepts only one way of doing things and one set of values and beliefs is referred to as a(n)
Monoculture
A culture that accepts only one way of doing things and one set of values and beliefs is referred to as a(n) _____.
Monoculture
Utilitarian approach
Moral behavior produces the greatest good for the greatest number. Decision maker is expected to consider the effect of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the benefits for the greatest number of people.
Justice approach
Moral decision must be based on standards of equity, fairness and impartiality. Assumes justice is applied through rules and regulations. 1. Distributive justice 2. Procedural justice 3. Compensatory justice
_____ to ethical decision-making is consistent with due process, free consent, privacy, freedom of conscience and free speech.
Moral-rights approach
Which of the following statements is true? a) Morale is higher in cohesive teams. b) Productivity is lower in cohesive teams. c) Satisfaction is lower in cohesive teams. d) Morale always suffers in cohesive teams. e) Absenteeism rates are substantially higher with cohesive teams.
Morale is higher in cohesive teams.
Which of the following is the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior?
Motivation
Which of the following are high-level needs, according to Herzberg, and include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and opportunity for growth?
Motivators
_____ have the greatest impact, according to Herzberg, on job satisfaction.
Motivators
A widely used personality test that measures how people differ on all four of Jung's sets of paired opposites is the ____.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
At which stage of the change process do managers evaluate problems and opportunities?
Need for change
____ indicates a disparity between existing and desired performance levels.
Need for change
_____ indicates a disparity between existing and desired performance levels.
Need for change
Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. What approach to change is this company using?
Negotiation
Which approach should a group use to resist change if the group has power over implementation and if the group will lose out in the change?
Negotiation
____ uses formal bargaining to win acceptance and approval of a desired change.
Negotiation
Shortly after she got landed a corporate level job at InfoBasis, Tonya Kennal formed a women's leadership group to help women advance within the company. Membership within the gout was voluntary and open to women with a desire to advance in the company. Tonya's group can best be described
Network Group
The ____ is a unit separate from the rest of the organization responsible for the development of a major innovation
New Venture Team
A fund providing resources from which individuals and groups draw to develop new ideas, products, or businesses is referred to as a?
New-owner fund
Which of the following types of power stems from a leader's special knowledge? a) Reward power b) Referent power c) Legitimate power d) Coercive power c) None of these
None of these
_____ is defined as communication transmitted through actions and behaviors rather than through words.
Nonverbal communication
Which of the following is a standard of conduct that is shared by team members and guides their behavior?
Norm
Dale's work team is beginning to resolve its conflicts and consensus is developing on such things as members' roles. Dale's team is in which stage of team development?
Norming
During which stage of team development does team unity emerge?
Norming
During which stage of team development should the team leader help clarify team roles, norms, and values?
Norming
Legal responsibility
Obey the law.
The average U.S. worker, today, is _____ than ever.
Older
the average US worker, today is _____ than ever.
Older
The strategic approach to human resource management recognizes key elements. Which of the following is NOT an ingredient in successful human resource management?
Only top-line managers are predominantly human resource managers.
Which of the following refer to specific results expected from individuals?
Operational goals
Which of the following represent plans developed at the organization's lower levels that specify action steps toward achieving operational goals and that support tactical planning activities?
Operational plans
_____ goals lead to the attainment of _____ goals, which in turn lead to the attainment of _____ goals.
Operational; tactical; strategic
Riya was a highly successful manager at Optics int'l. After 10 years with the company, she decided to leave and become a full-time mother and caregiver to her ailing father. This example demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers
Opt-out trend
___ implies that women's commitment to their children limits their commitment to the company or their ability to handle the rigors of corporate management
Opt-out trend
Which of the following organizations have a flat structure compared to others?
Organization B with three hierarchical levels
_____refers to loyalty to the heavy involvement in the organization.
Organizational commitment
Organizational development can help managers address problems such as merger/acquisitions, conflict management, and ____.
Organizational decline/revitalization
Left-Right Industries employs a diverse set of individuals with strong personalities. Unfortunately, this means that there is a great deal of interpersonal disagreement among employees. What organizational tool would work best in this circumstance to manage conflict?
Organizational development
Which of the following is defined by the text as the application of behavioral science knowledge to improve an organization's health and effectiveness through its ability to cope with environmental changes, improve internal relationships, and increase problem-solving capabilities?
Organizational development
_____ includes all elements existing outside the boundary of the organization that have the potential to affect the organization.
Organizational environment
In what stage of the perception process are individuals likely to put things into patterns?
Organizing
Which of the following refers to the deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals?
Organizing
Policy based statements
Outline the procedures to be used in specific ethical situations. i.e. marketing practices, conflicts of interest, observance of laws, proprietary information, political gifts and equal opportunities.
Which of the following refers to engaging in the international division of labor so as to obtain the cheapest sources of labor and supplies regardless of country?
Outsourcing
Tim is a manager at Chuck's Construction. He sees little opportunity for advancement at Chuck's Construction, regardless of how well he performs. Which of the following expectancies is low for Tim?
P -> O expectancy
The ____ approach to change implementation should be used when users have power to resist.
Participation
The _____ approach to change implementation should be used when users have power to resist.
Participation
Michael's team has evolved to the storming stage of team development. As team leader, what should Michael be emphasizing?
Participation by all team members
According to Herzberg, _____ is an example of a hygiene factor.
Pay
_____ is incentive pay that ties at least part of compensation to employee effort and performance.
Pay-for-performance
Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills. Through this effort, the organization is attempting:
People change
____ refers to a change in the attitudes and behaviors of a few employees in the organization.
People change
_____ refers to a change in the attitudes and behaviors of a few employees in the organization.
People change
Conventional level
People learn to conform to the expectations of good behavior as defined by colleagues, family, friends and society. Meeting social and interpersonal obligations is important. Mangers: encourage interpersonal relationships and cooperation Employees: work-group collaboration is preferred way of accomplishing organizational goals
_____is the process by which individuals screen and select the various objects and stimuli that vie for their attention.
Perceptual selectivity
Which of the following is not a function of management?
Performance
_____ teams are brought together as a formal department in the organization.
Permanent
____ are brought together as a formal department in the organization.
Permanent teams
_____ power comes from personal sources that are not as invested in the organization, such as personal interests, goals, and values.
Personal
_____ channels are channels that exist outside the formally authorized channels without regard for the organization's hierarchy of authority.
Personal communication
_____ is the acquisition and cultivation of personal relationships that cross departmental, hierarchical, and even organizational boundaries.
Personal networking
Self-confidence, honesty and integrity, and the desire to lead, are all components of which personal characteristic of leaders?
Personality
_____ refers to the set of characteristics that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas, objects, or people in the environment.
Personality
Maslow's hierarchy of needs started with which of these needs?
Physiological
_____ describe the most basic human physical needs, including food, water and oxygen.
Physiological needs
Robert, a top-level manager at an advertising agency, spends a significant part of his work day identifying goals for future organizational performance and deciding how to use resources to attain these goals. This involves which management function?
Planning
Which of the following is a function of management?
Planning
_____ is the act of determining the organization's goals and the means for achieving them.
Planning
Which of the following means that an organization accommodates several subcultures
Pluralism
_____ power comes from organizational structure and promotes stability, order, and problem solving within the structure.
Position
Which of the following is the administration of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behavior?
Positive reinforcement
In what stage of personal moral development is a person mostly concerned with external rewards and personal consequences of an action?
Preconventional
Levels of personal moral development
Preconventional Conventional Postconventional
Which of the following stages is the stage of personal moral development in which an individual develops an internal set of standards and values?
Principled
Which of the following is not an approach to structural design that reflects different uses of the chain of command?
Process approach
Economic responsibility
Produce goods and services that society wants and to maximize profits for its owners and shareholders.
_____ change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.
Product
_____ decisions are associated with decision rules.
Programmed
All of the following are major approaches to leadership EXCEPT:
Progressive leadership.
Lisa is responsible for coordinating the efforts of several different departments. Which of the following titles best describes her position?
Project manager
Stakeholder mapping
Provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance and relative power of various stake holders, which may change over time.
What perspective is also referred to as management science?
Quantitative perspective
According to Weber's ideas on bureaucracy, organizations should be based on which of these?
Rational authority
All of the the following are characteristics of creative individuals EXCEPT?
Rationality
Which of the following is a recruiting approach that gives applicants all pertinent and realistic information about the job and the organization?
Realistic job preview
Which of the following, in the communication process, has the responsibility to decode the symbols and interpret the meaning of the message?
Receiver
Which of the following behaviors is consistent with the socioemotional role?
Reduce tension
Smileline INC. has an onsite daycare facility and provides employees full-time daycare at a very low cost. The company implemented this years ago when managers realized that childcare responsibilities were contributing to high turnover and absenteeism. This example highlights which dividend of workplace diversity
Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism and lawsuits
Flash Card Inc. recently underwent a significant company-wide change that involved revision of its manufacturing and leadership processes. The result of this was a stronger emphasis on horizontal coordination. This level of change is referred to as:
Reengineering
Which of the following leads to strong coordination across functional areas and greater flexibility in responding to changes in the environments?
Reengineering
Which of the following is the reinforcement stage of organization development in which individuals acquire a desired new skill or attitude and are rewarded for it by the organization?
Refreezing
Which of the following strategies refers to moving into a new business that is related to the company's existing business activities?
Related diversification
Distributive justice
Requires that different treatment of people not be based on arbitrary characteristics. i.e. men and women should receive same pay for same work and qualifications.
Procedural justice
Requires that rules be administered fairly. Rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced.
_____ power is based in the ability of the leader to do such things as recommend promotions.
Reward
Under conditions of _____, statistical analyses are useful.
Risk
Which of the following means that a decision has clear-cut goals and that good information is available, but the future outcomes associated with each alternative are subject to chance?
Risk
Which of the following refers to the willingness to undertake risk with the opportunity to increase one's return?
Risk propensity
When leaders influence others through the exchange of benefits or favors, which influence tactic is being used?
Rule of reciprocity
Rebecca works for a company that has clearly defined lines of authority. Each employee knows that he or she has authority and responsibility for a distinct set of tasks. Employees are also aware of the company's reporting structure as well as successive management levels all the way to the top. Rebecca's company follows which principle?
Scalar principle
____ refers to a clearly defined line of authority in the organization that includes all employees
Scalar principle
Where does the information about opportunities and threats comes from?
Scanning the external environments
What is the behavioral science approach?
Scientific methods + sociology, psychology, anthropology, economics to develop theories about human behavior and interaction in an organizational setting
Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. What barrier to change are they exhibiting?
Self interests
Andrew, a young entrepreneur, feels sure about his ability to win customers through his people skills. He is comfortable with his ability to handle technical details and feels that he is able to keep his business moving. This most closely relates to which personality trait of entrepreneurs?
Self-confidence
What is the most common way that entrepreneurs finance the start-up of a new business?
Self-financing from savings or credit cards
Which of the following statements is true? a) Self-managed teams are empowered with decision-making authority. b) Self-managed teams still rely heavily on their manager. c) Self-managed teams have little access to resources. d) Self-managed teams will eventually develop into problem-solving teams. e) None of these
Self-managed teams are empowered with decision-making authority.
The tendency to overestimate the contribution of internal factors is part of which perceptual bias?
Self-serving bias
Sandra works for a bank that is renowned for being the first commercial bank in the United States to introduce online banking. This can best be described as what type of innovation?
Service innovation
_____ is the first step in the MBO process.
Setting goals
Which is the highest level of sexual harassment
Sexual crimes
Practical approach
Sidesteps debates about right and wrong and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, by taking the interests of all stake holders into account.
Which quality control technique uses a five-step methodology to define, measure, analyze, improve, and control processes, otherwise referred to as DMAIC?
Six Sigma
"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as what type of group or team?
Skunkwork
_____ forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.
Social
_____ combines creativity, business smarts, passion, and hard work of the traditional entrepreneur with a mission to change the world for better.
Social entrepreneurship
Which of these forces comprises unwritten, common rules and perceptions about relationships?
Social forces
Language, values, religion, and education all describe which dimension in the international environment?
Sociocultural
_____ environment consists of demographic factors, such as population density.
Sociocultural
Which dimension of the general environment represents the demographic characteristics, norms, customs, and values of the population within which the organization operates?
Sociocultural dimension
Which of these refers to an unincorporated business owned by an individual for profit?
Sole proprietorship
Which of these is lacking in the goal "profits should be increased in the coming year?"
Specific and measurable
Which of these managers are in charge of departments such as finance and HR that support line departments?
Staff
Which of these offers the advantage that the entrepreneur has the ability to develop and design the business in the entrepreneur's own way?
Start a new business
_____ is a rigid, exaggerated, irrational belief associated with a particular group of people.
Stereotype
____ is a psychological experience of a person who, usually engaged in a task, is aware of a stereotype about his or her identity group suggestion he or she will not perform well on that task
Stereotype threat
Which of the five stages of team development is marked by conflict and disagreement?
Storming
What type of organizational unit has a unique business mission, product line, competitors, and markets relative to other units in the same corporation?
Strategic business unit
_____ refers to dialogue across boundaries and hierarchical levels about the team or organization's vision, critical strategic themes, and values that help achieve important goals.
Strategic conversation
_____ are the broad statements of where the organization wants to be in the future.
Strategic goals
_____ refers to the use of managerial tools to direct resources toward the achievement of strategic goals.
Strategy execution
_____ are reasonable yet highly ambitious goals that are so clear, compelling, and imaginative that they fire up employees and engender excellence.
Stretch goals
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes authority?
Subordinates accept it.
Which of the following factors is NOT associated with larger span of control?
Subordinates are located at various different locations.
_____ is(are) included in an organization's task environment.
Suppliers
Which of the following is an OD intervention technique in which questionnaires on organizational climate and other factors are distributed among employees and the results reported back to them by a change agent?
Survey feedback activites
_____ is economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of their current generation while focusing on future generations.
Sustainability
Connie, a single mother and home-business entrepreneur, enjoys running her own business. However, because she is busy balancing work and family, she does not foresee her home business growing significantly in the near future. Connie can best be described as what type of entrepreneur?
Sustainer
10 + 10 = 25 reflects which of these?
Synergy
After Sunshine Systems merged with RTD Enterprises, company executives noticed that due to increased employee collaboration between the two units, costs were down and revenues increased within both areas. This is an example of what business phenomenon?
Synergy
Which type of plan helps managers implement the overall strategic plan?
Tactical
Jacob, a customer service representative for AB Retailers, has seven levels of management between himself and the company's CEO. In contrast, his friend Rhonda, a customer service representative for YZ Retailers, has only four levels of management between her and the company CEO. Compared to YZ, Jacob's company has what type of organizational structure?
Tall
Which of the following is consistent with initiating structure?
Task oriented behavior
There are many organizational development activities, which are effective in solving many different problems. ____ enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups.
Team building
There are many organizational development activities, which are effective in solving many different problems. _____ enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups.
Team building
Which of the following is a contemporary approach to structural design in departmentalization?
Teams
Which of the following does NOT pertain to teams?
Teams have a designated strong leader
Which skill includes specialized knowledge and analytical ability?
Technical
A____ change is related to the organization production process.
Technological
Scientific and technological advancements in a specific industry as well as in society at large are included in which general environment dimension?
Technological dimension
Which of the following is a change in the manner in which an organization does its work?
Technology
Which of the following is a change in the organization's production process-- how the organization does its work?
Technology
Which of the following means using computers and telecommunications equipment to do work without going to an office?
Telecommuting
All of the following are things bad bosses do to create stress for their subordinates EXCEPT:
Tell people exactly what is expected of them.
According to the situational theory of Hersey and Blanchard, which of the following leader styles matches up best with low readiness subordinates?
Telling style
What is systems thinking?
The ability to see the distinct elements of a situation as well as the complexities.
Which of the following has the highest possibility of failure?
The condition of ambiguity
The planning process begins with which of these?
The development of a mission statement
Which of the following is more common in large teams?
The development of subgroups
Exchange rates are included in which of the following international environments?
The economic environment
A new drug has not been approved by the FDA to sell in the U.S. because further testing is needed. The company has a chance to sell its product in another country immediately to start recovering the costs of R & D and production three years ahead of time. This example places the decision in which of the categories from the text?
The ethical domain
What is theory Y?
The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. The average human being does not inherently dislike work.
The tendency to overestimate the contribution of external factors is part of which perceptual bias?
The fundamental attribution error
Which of the following is an invisible barrier that separates woman and minorities from top management positions?
The glass ceiling
Woman make up less than 16% of all fortunate 500 executives. This could be due to
The glass ceiling
_____ serves as invisible barriers to important horizontal movement within the organization.
The glass wall
Which of the following links employees in all directions, ranging from the president through middle management, support staff, and line employees?
The grapevine
Which of the following is(are) important role(s) to be played during the process of organizational change?
The idea champion The critic The sponsor Inventor ALL OF THESE
Sexual harassment is unethical because it violates an important part of which approach to ethical behavior?
The moral-rights approach
What is the role of the negotiator?
The negotiator role involves formal negotiations and bargaining to attain outcomes for the manager's unit of responsibility.
What is force field analysis?
The process of determining which forces drive and which resist a proposed change.
Which of these is a subfield of the classical management perspective that emphasized scientifically determined changes in management practices as the solution to improving labor productivity?
The scientific management movement
Which of the following refers to the number of employees reporting to a supervisor?
The span of management
____ is an organization structure that divides the major functions of the organization into separate companies and coordinates their activities from a small headquarters organization.
The virtual network approach
____ is an organization structure that divides the major functions of the organization into separate companies.
The virtual network approach
According to Douglas McGregor, the classical perspective on management is consistent with which of the following?
Theory X manager
Which of these is true about single-use plans?
They are developed to achieve a set of goals that are unlikely to be repeated in the future.
Which of the following prohibits discrimination of the basis of race, color, religion national origin and sex
Title VII of the civil rights act of 1964
Kyle is seeing, on a regular basis, a difference between current and expected performance levels. She should begin?
To perceive a need for change
Juan is a top manager at I.F.L., a matrix organization. He oversees both the product and functional chains of command, and is responsible for maintaining a power balance between the two sides of the matrix. Juan is a(n):
Top leader
_____ is primarily responsible for strategic goals/plans.
Top management
Which of the following are responsible for the entire organization?
Top managers
Which of the following symbolizes to all employees that the change is important for the organization?
Top managers support
Hopetech Industries has a corporate diversity plan that limits diversity to areas that do not change throughout a person's lifetime, such as race, gender, age and disability. Hopetech's diversity plan follows which model of corporate diversity?
Traditional model
Which type of leader clarifies the role and task requirements of subordinates?
Transactional
A product change is a change in the organization's product or service outputs.
True
A technological change is related to the organization's production process.
True
Creativity is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for he organization.
True
Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.
True
The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as cooperation.
True
The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas is known as exploration.
True
ranking of global competitiveness
U.S. has fallen from first to fifth.
_____ is the lack of information about future events.
Uncertainty
_____ means that managers do not have sufficient information about environmental factors to understand and predict environmental needs and changes.
Uncertainty
_____ means that managers know which goals they wish to achieve, but information about alternatives and future events is incomplete.
Uncertainty
_________ is the lack of information about future events.
Uncertainty
Beth's Barnyard, Inc. has decided to restructure the entire organization. You hold a meeting with your employees to notify them of the change. You do not give them any detailed information. Which of the barriers to change would you expect your employees to exhibit?
Uncertainty about the future
A step in the diagnosis stage of organizational development in which participants are made aware of problems is referred to as
Unfreezing
Organizational development specialists identify three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal changes. These are
Unfreezing,changing and refreezing
The matrix structure violates which of the following principles of management?
Unity of command
____ means that each employee is held accountable to only one supervisor.
Unity of command
_____ means that each employee is held accountable to only one supervisor.
Unity of command
Many organizations use suggestion boxes, open door policies, and surveys to facilitate:
Upward communication
_____ can be defined as the combination of benefits received and costs paid by the customer.
Value
How does managerial authority flow through the organizational hierarchy?
Vertically
_____ occurs when an individual sees others perform certain behaviors and get rewarded for them.
Vicarious learning
Which of the following teams are described as a team that uses computer technology and groupware so that geographically distant members can collaborate on projects and reach common goals?
Virtual
Which of the following structures is the leanest of all organization forms because little supervision is required?
Virtual network approach
Jefferson and Squire is an advertising firm that is viewed as having a fast-paced and posh corporate culture. The company uses bold coloring with expensive accents in all office décor. This exemplifies which level of corporate culture?
Visible artifacts
Discretionary responsibility
Voluntary and guided by a company's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics. i.e. philanthropic contributions. The highest criterion of social responsibility because it goes beyond societal expectations to contribute to the community's welfare.
Who is considered the "Father of the Quality Movement"?
W. Edwards Deming
Which of these best illustrates the preconventional stage of moral development?
What am I going to get from making this decision?
Which of these is the disclosure by an employee of an illegal activity?
Whistle-blowing
Which of the following groups has the largest wage gap between genders
White
_____ decisions are associated with conflicts over goals and decision alternatives, rapidly changing circumstances, fuzzy information, and unclear links among decision elements.
Wicked
____ is the trend in recent years.
Wider spans of management
____ are less likely than ____ to develop mentoring relationships
Woman; Men
Which of these employee behaviors matches with the conventional level of personal moral development?
Work group collaboration
Which of the following refers to the degree to which organizational tasks are subdivided into individual jobs?
Work specialization
All of the following are changes that are reshaping our workforce EXCEPT
Younger workforce
Plan
a blueprint specifying the resource allocations, schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals.
Mission statement
a broadly stated definition of the organization's basic business scope and operations that distinguishes it from similar types of organizations.
When an official is given the responsibility of overseeing all aspects of ethics and legal compliance. S/he is referred to as
a chief ethics officer
joint venture
a company shares costs and risks with another firm, typically in the host country, to develop new products, build a manufacturing facility, or set up a sales and distribution network.
An artificial entity created by the state and existing apart from its owners is known as:
a corporation
licensing
a corporation (licensor) in one country makes certain resources available to companies in another country (licensee). These resources include technology, managerial skills, and patent or trademark rights.
Intelligence team
a cross-functional group of managers and employees who work together to gain a deep understanding of a specific competitive issue and offer insight and recommendations for planning.
involvement culture
a culture that places high value on meeting the needs of employees and values cooperation and equality
Choosing between a differentiation strategy and an overall cost leadership strategy is an example of
a decision
Goal
a desired future state that the organization attempts to realize.
business plan
a document specifying the business details prepared by an entrepreneur prior to opening a new business
hero
a figure who exemplifies the deeds, character and attributes of a strong culture
The planning process starts with:
a formal mission that defines the organization's purpose.
venture capital firm
a group of companies or individuals that invests money in new or expanding businesses for ownership and potential benefits
Central planning department
a group of planning specialists who develop plans for the organization as a whole and its major divisions and departments and typically report directly to the president or CEO.
Contingency plans
a group of planning specialists who develop plans for the organization as a whole and its major divisions and departments and typically report directly to the president or CEO.
Roxanne is a manager at Geronimo Gaming. She recently attended a seminar on goal setting. She wishes to use goals to provide a sense of direction to her staff. She is using goals as
a guide to action
Barney and Betty work at Mountain Peak, Inc. Although they both work on the assembly line, they have the authority to make many decisions about their job. Mountain Peak can be said to have
a high degree of decentralization.
Which of the following refers to a formal team composed of employees from about the same hierarchical level but from different areas of expertise?
a horizontal team
need to achieve
a human quality linked to entrepreneurship in which people are motivated to excel and pick situations in which success is likely
Management by objectives (MBO)
a method of management whereby managers and employees define goals for every department, project and person and use them to monitor subsequent performance.
ChotuKool
a mini-fridge designed to cool five or six bottles of water and store a few pounds of food, portable, runs on batteries and sold for about 3,250 ruples (US$69) about 35 percent less than the cheapest refrigerator on the market
Phlex plastic has a very strong set of corporate values. In fact, Phlex has been known to discourage the emergence of alternate values.Phlex is most likely
a monoculture
an ethnocentric perspective leads to
a monoculture
Sharon is a manager at Softest Tissue Corporation. She is faced with an interesting problem. One of her employees has been cheating the company out of expense money. Sharon must decide whether or not to fire this employee. In this role, Sharon is acting as:
a moral agent.
story
a narrative based on true events that is repeated frequently and shared among organizational employees
supply chain
a network of multiple businesses and individuals that are connected through the flow of products or services
slogan
a phrase, such as Disney's "the happiest place on earth," that succinctly expresses a key corporate value
ceremony
a planned activity at a special event
Bierderlack has a policy that states that more than three absences in a six-month period shall result in a suspension. Colleen, the manager, has just decided to suspend one of her shift employees for violating this policy. This is an example of
a programmed decision
Stretch goal
a reasonable yet highly ambitious, compelling goal that energizes people and inspires excellence
achievement culture
a results-oriented culture that values competitiveness, personal initiative and achievement
Arab Spring
a revolutionary wave of protests in the Arab world that began in late 2010, has created a tumultuous environment for businesses operating in the region.
What is a system?
a set of interrelated parts that function as a whole to achieve a common purpose
By definition, an organization is considered _____ because it is made up of two or more people.
a social entity
Organization
a social entity that is goal directed and deliberately structured
Any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance is called:
a stakeholder.
joint venture
a strategic alliance or program by two or more organizations
A task force is _____ committee(s) formed to solve a specific problem.
a temporary
A group of companies or individuals that invests money in new or expanding businesses for ownership and potential profits is known as:
a venture capital firm.
Strategy map
a visual representation of the key drivers of an organization's success, showing the cause-and-effect relationships among goals and plans.
The people with authority and responsibility are subject to reporting and justifying task outcomes to those above them in the chain of command. This is called _____.
accountability
The people with authority and responsibility are subject to reporting and justifying task outcomes to those above them in the chain of command. This is called
accountability.
Darren and his team have just finished Project A, and are preparing to disband. Darren and his team are in the _____ stage of team development.
adjourning
The three subfields of the classical perspective include:
administrative management, bureaucratic organization, and scientific management.
Recruiting methods that are used to promote the hiring, development, and retention of "protected groups" are examples of:
affirmative action.
Of the following, which may whistle-blowers suffer?
all of the above
In a family where both parents work, which of the following may be helpful to accommodate the parents needs a. Childcare b. Flexible work schedule c. Home-based employment d. Maternity or paternity leaves e. All of these
all of these
Inclusive dimensions of diversity include
all of these
Nonprogrammed decisions are made in response to situations that are
all of these
Stress can be caused by
all of these
The major steps involved in building a truly diverse workplace include a. building a corporate culture that values diversity. b. changing structures and policies so that they support diversity. c. diversity training. d. all of these. e. none of these.
all of these
What is exporting?
all of these
____ aspects of management do not change when doing business internationally.
all of these
The four primary skills for communicating in a crisis include all of the following EXCEPT:
all of these are skills for communicating in a crisis.
An entrepreneur: a) assumes the risks of the business. b) reaps the rewards of the business. c) assumes the financial and legal risks of ownership. d) recognizes a viable idea for a business product or service and carries it out. e) all of these.
all of these.
Stress can be caused by: a) task demands. b) role demands. c) interpersonal demands. d) physical demands. e) all of these.
all of these.
Shooting Star, Inc. has slow response to external changes, centralized decision making, and poor coordination across departments. It is likely structured
along functional lines.
franchising
an arrangement by which the owner of a product or service allows others to purchase the right to distribute the product or service with help from the owner
corporation
an artificial entity created by the state and existing apart from its owners
social entrepreneur
an entrepreneurial leader who is committed to both good business and changing the world for the better
A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong, is considered:
an ethical dilemma.
strategic issues
an event or force that alters an organization's ability to achieve its goals
business incubator
an innovation that provides shared office space, management support services, and management advice to entrepreneurs
symbol
an object, act or event that conveys meaning to others
sole proprietorship
an unincorporated business owned by an individual for profit
partnership
an unincorporated business owned by two or more people
Managers are considered to have a(n) _____ style when they prefer to consider complex solutions based on as much data as they can gather.
analytical
regional trading alliances
and international trade agreements are reshaping global business
Value dimensions by Project GLOBE
are assertiveness, future orientation, gender differentiation, performance orientation, and humane orientation.
First-line managers
are directly responsible for the production of goods and services
People making decisions based on an internal set of beliefs that has more meaning to them than the expectations of others:
are in the principled level of moral development.
Functional managers
are responsible for departments that perform a single functional task and have employees with similar training and skills
General Managers
are responsible for several departments that perform different functions
Interim managers/Contingent managers
are those who are not affiliated with a specific organization but work on a project-by-project basis
Standing plans:
are used to provide guidance for tasks performed repeatedly within the organization.
What are social forces?
aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among peole
The formal and legitimate right of a manager to make decisions is _____.
authority
The formal and legitimate right of a manager to make decisions is
authority.
The removal of an unpleasant consequence following a desired behavior is referred to as:
avoidance learning.
Anyone considering doing business in China, according to Spotlight on Skills in Chapter 2, should keep in mind all of the following rules except:
be efficient with use of time
Today's companies compete in a ____.
borderless world
Today's companies compete in a _____.
borderless world
debt financing
borrowing money that has to be repaid at a later date in order to start a business
the organization chart
bot shows the characteristics of the organizations vertical structure and is a visual representation of the organization's structure
Patties Pancakes recently held a series of forces groups to gather information on employee perceptions of woman and minorities in the workplace. In particular, Pattie's was interested in learning about the myths, values, and beliefs that currently exist in their organization. This is an example of
building a corporate culture that values diversity
Positions organized in a hierarchy of authority is an important characteristic of:
bureaucratic organizations.
Which of these perspectives emphasized a rational, scientific approach to the study of management and sought to make organizations efficient operating machines?
bureaucratic organizations.
Before opening his own business, Kareem was writing a report that details the specifics of his ideas and future business operations. This document is known as a:
business plan.
inclusive dimensions of diversity
can change throughout ones lifetime
Complicated legal and political forces
can create huge risks for international managers and organizations.
international business managers
can expect their companies to be affected periodically by economic problems that cross geographical boundaries.
In times of crisis or risk of company failure, authority should be:
centralized at the top.
Associated with the condition of ____ is the lowest possibility of failure.
certainty
Associated with the condition of _____ is the lowest possibility of failure.
certainty
Which of the following means that all the information the decision-maker needs is fully available?
certainty
Jacob was recently looking at his company's organization chart in an attempt to discover who reports to whom. Jacob is studying his organization's
chain of command.
Unity of command and the scalar principle are both closely related to the
chain of command.
Unity of command and the scalar principle are both closely related to the:
chain of command.
uncertainty avoidance
characterized by people's intolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity and resulting support for beliefs that promise certainty and conformity.
Old workplace
characterized by routine, specialized tasks, and standardized control procedures
adaptability culture
characterized by values that support the company's ability to interpret and translate signals form the environment into new behavior responses
An example of an ethical structure is
chief ethics officer
As a first step into international business, which two countries are most companies going to today?
china and india
____ is a part of Ford's, the U.S. auto manufacturer, task environment.
chrysler
The bureaucratic organizations approach is a subfield within the _____.
classical perspective
economic development
classified as either developed countries or less-developed countries (LDCs).
Wyatt has recently been appointed by his boss to a group that has been meeting since the company he works for was founded. The purpose of this group is to make budgetary decisions on an ongoing basis. Wyatt's group can best be defined as a _____.
committee
The biggest mistake that many managers make is the failure to:
communicate effectively.
Symbols, stories, and heroes are important because they:
communicate the significant values of an organization.
The term _____ is defined as "an individual's level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication."
communication apprehension
exporting
company maintains its production facilities within the home nation and transfers its products for sale in foreign countries.
The concept that the party responsible should compensate individuals for the cost of their injuries is referred to as:
compensatory justice.
Max Weber felt selection of employees should be based on _____.
competence
Which of these is NOT a part of an organization's general environment?
competitors
All of these behaviors are consistent with the role of a task specialist except
compromise
Studying management history helps your _________ skills.
conceptual
According to the text, what are the skills used by managers when performing the four functions of management?
conceptual, human, and technical
All of the following are characteristics of the administrative decision making model except:
conditions of certainty.
Managing team _____ is the most important skill required for effective team management.
conflict
Researchers at the Ohio State University identified two major behaviors called:
consideration and initiating structure.
In a ____________ organization, the entire work flow is mechanized in a sophisticated and complex form of production technology.
continuous process production
Monitoring activities and making corrections are part of
controlling
Monitoring activities and making corrections are part of:
controlling.
The _____ is purchase orders divided by customer inquiries.
conversion ratio
Innovative Creations Corporation is designed along functional lines. New product development is very slow and the process is plagued by many problems. One of the problems is that the people in marketing never communicate with the people in production. This is an example of poor
coordination.
The outcome of information and cooperation is
coordination.
____ is not part of the structures and systems pillar of an ethical organization.
corporate culture
A(n) _____ has a legal life of its own.
corporation
An organization strives for internal efficiency with a(n) ____ strategy.
cost leadership
An organization strives for internal efficiency with a(n) _____ strategy.
cost leadership
The _____ strategy involves seeking efficient facilities, cutting costs and using tight cost controls to be more efficient than competitors.
cost leadership
A form of exporting to less-developed countries is called
countertrade
Godrej & Boyce
created an innovative battery-powered refrigerator called the ChotuKool for rural markets in India.
A task force is sometimes called a(n):
cross-functional team
A task force is sometimes called a(n):
cross-functional team.
___ mentoring relationships sometimes leave north parties uncomfortable
cross-race
During the first step of the diversity development process, managers may conduct a _____ to uncover diversity problems in the organization
cultural audit
masculinity
cultural preference for achievement, heroism, assertiveness, work centrality, and material success.
feminity
cultural preference for relationships, cooperation, group decision making, and quality of life.
To remain competitive, companies should develop strategies that focus on core competencies, providing synergy, and creating value for _____.
customers
The people and organizations in the environment who acquire goods or services from the organization are:
customers.
____ is considered by many employees to be the most effective work-life practice.
daily flextime
Change and uncertainty in the environment are usually associated with _____.
decentralization
Change and uncertainty in the environment are usually associated with
decentralization.
The use of teams may lead to too much
decentralization.
Which of the following is a choice made from available alternatives?
decision
Managers are often referred to as
decision makers
Mark, a production manager at Kaylie's Kookware, recently chose to schedule his workers to work overtime. His alternative was to hire more workers. He is now monitoring the consequences of his choice. This is an example of
decision-making
____ refers to the process of identifying problems and then resolving them.
decision-making
The receiver _____ the symbols to interpret the meaning of the message.
decodes
cultural leader
defines and articulates important values that are tied to a clear and compelling mission
Gina wishes to transfer authority and responsibility to her subordinates. This process is known as
delegation.
Gina wishes to transfer authority and responsibility to her subordinates. This process is known as:
delegation.
Informational Roles
describes the activities used to maintain and develop an information network
Examples of nonprogrammed decisions would include the decision to
develop a new product or service
Examples of nonprogrammed decisions would include the decision to:
develop a new product or service.
The _____ is the individual who is assigned the role of challenging assumptions made by the group.
devil's advocate
With a(n) ____ strategy, the organization attempts to develop innovative products unique to the market.
differentiation
All of the following are Porter's competitive forces except:
differentiation.
The drawback(s) of proprietorship include:
difficulty in obtaining financing.
Which of the following responsibilities is purely voluntary and is guided by a company's desire to make social contributions not mandated by economics, law, or ethics?
discretionary
____ is the responsibility that goes beyond societal expectations to contribute to the community's welfare.
discretionary responsibility
Lainie was denied a promotion to partner in her accounting firm because of her gender. Lainie is a victim of _____.
discrimination
The hiring of applicants based on criteria that are not job-related is called:
discrimination.
The ____ role involves resolving conflicts among subordinates between the managers department and other departments.
disturbance handler
The nature of management is to cope with ____ and far-reaching challenges.
diverse
Research has shown that
diverse groups are more creative that homogeneous groups
The purpose of _____ is to expand the firm's business operations to produce new kinds of valuable products and services?
diversification
___ is defined as all the ways in which people differ
diversity
The use of specialization to produce more and better work with the same level of effort is consistent with the administrative management principle of:
division of work.
According to your text, in very large companies, a
divisional structure is essential.
Self-contained unit structure is a term used for
divisional structure.
Stephanie works in one of seven research and development departments at Tara's Terrace, Inc. This would suggest that Tara's Terrace has a
divisional structure.
When departments are grouped together on the basis of organizational outputs, the organization is using a
divisional structure.
The functional, ____, and ____ are traditional approaches that rely on the chain of command to define departmental groupings and reporting relationships along the hierarchy.
divisional, matrix
Louise works in the manufacturing department at Ice Sculptures. The work in Louise's department is low in task specialization. As a result, Louise
does a variety of tasks and activities.
A new drug has not been approved by the FDA to sell in the US because further testing is needed. The company has a chance to sell its product in another country immediately to start recovering its research and development costs now instead of waiting three years. The assumption that "If it's not illegal, it must be ethical," ignores which of the following?
domain of ethics
Anne Chinoda, top executive at Florida Blood Centers, is under pressure to resign because she took a $71,000 pay increase just months before she laid off 42 employees. Chinoda's decision lies in the
domain of ethics
An organization's decision to produce a new product is in the:
domain of free choice.
In which stage, market potential is limited to home country, with all production and marketing facilities located at home?
domestic
Which of the following rules, according to Spotlight on Skills in Chapter 2, is about forging an emotional bond?
don't skip the small talk
globalization backlash
due to the increasing size and power of MNC's.
The environments in which businesses operate are increasingly ____, requiring managers to be ready to react and respond to even subtle environmental shifts.
dynamic
The environments in which businesses operate are increasingly _____, requiring managers to be ready to react and respond to even subtle environmental shifts.
dynamic
Critical management missteps include: a) Poor communication skills b) Reactionary behavior c) Inability to build a team d) Failure to adapt e) All of the above
e) All of the above
Which of the following would be considered a visual representation(s) of a company's corporate culture? a) All department heads have an executive office. b) Each department has an award plaque for employee of the month. c) All employees are dressed in professional business attire. d) Top level executives drive company owned sports car. e) All of these.
e) All of these.
People with an external locus of control are:
easier to lead.
The general environment dimension that includes consumer purchasing power, the unemployment rate, and interest rates is called the
economic dimension
The general environment dimension that includes consumer purchasing power, the unemployment rate, and interest rates is called the:
economic dimension.
The degree to which an organization achieves a stated goal refers to:
effectiveness.
Which of the following refers to the amount of resources used to achieve an organization's goal?
efficiency
high-performance culture
emphasizes both cultural values and business results
A(n)_____ is an example of an intrinsic reward.
employee's feelings of self-worth
Examples of unethical behavior toward _____ include a hostile work environment and violations of health and safety rules.
employees
Examples of unethical behavior toward ________ include a hostile work environment and violations of health and safety rules.
employees
When work specialization is extensive
employees perform a single task.
When work specialization is extensive:
employees perform a single task.
A(n) _____ is a company that is highly attractive to potential employees because of human resources practices that focus on tangible and intangible benefits, and that embraces a long-term view to solving immediate problems.
employer of choice
All of these are a part of an organization's task environment EXCEPT
employers
All of these are a part of an organization's task environment except _____.
employers
Relative to the functional structure, the divisional structure
encourages decentralization.
All of the following are the major disadvantages of the matrix structure EXCEPT
enlarged tasks for employees.
A(n) _____ is someone who recognizes a viable idea for a business product or service and carries it out.
entrepreneur
Jamila is a successful artist and entrepreneur who makes all of her work out of recycled goods because she believes in sustainability. She can be described as a social entrepreneur that is committed to:
environmental protection.
____ means that managers are honest and trustworthy, fair in their dealings with employees and customers, and behave ethically in both their personal and professional lives.
ethical leadership
A code of ____ is a formal statement of the company's values concerning ethics and social issues.
ethics
Which of the following refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviors with respect to what is right and wrong?
ethics
All of the following are advantages of a functional structure EXCEPT
excellent coordination between functions.
Communication is defined by the text as the process by which information is:
exchanged and understood by two or more people, usually with the intent to motivate or influence behavior.
Most firms begin with which strategy to enter foreign markets?
exporting
Which of the following is an entry strategy in which the organization maintains its production facilities within its home country and transfers its products for sale in foreign markets?
exporting
market entry strategies
exporting, licensing, and direct investing represent alternative ways to sell products and services in foreign markets.
The level of corporate culture in which values are so deeply embedded that members are no longer consciously aware of them is:
expressed values and beliefs.
The level of corporate culture which cannot be seen but can be discerned from how people explain and justify what they do is:
expressed values and beliefs.
Jason has been unemployed for three months. When his wife asked him why he was not looking for a job, Jason responded, "If I am lucky, I will get my old job back." Jason would be considered as having a(n)
external locus of control
All of these are entrepreneurial characteristics except:
external locus of control.
Jason has been unemployed for three months. When his wife asked him why he was not looking for a job, Jason responded, "If I am lucky, I will get my old job back." Jason would be considered as having a(n):
external locus of control.
Paramount, Inc. is particularly concerned about pending legislation in Congress that would further regulate their organization. This legislation would be classified as a(n) _____.
external threat
A(n)_____ refers to a reward given by another person.
extrinsic reward
Non-verbal communication has the biggest impact when using _____.
face to face communication
What is empowerment?
facilitating instead of controlling (humanistic perspective)
All well-designed control systems involve the use of _____ to determine whether performance meets established standards.
feedback
What is quants (quantitative perspective)?
financial mangers who base their decisions on complex quantitative analysis
angel financing
financing provided by a wealthy individual who believes in the idea for a start-up and provides personal funds and advice to help the business get started
equity financing
financing that consists of funds that are invested in exchange for ownership in the company
The biggest advantage to a virtual network approach is ____ and ____ on a global scale.
flexibility; competitiveness
The pure functional structure does not enable the organization to be
flexible.
In the new workplace, work is ____, in contrast to the old workplace where work was ____.
flexible; structured
What is information technology (quantitative perspective)?
focuses on technology and software to aid mangers
What does operations management (part of quantitative perspective) focus on?
focuses on the physical production of goods and servies
Organization structure is defined as the
framework in which the organization defined how tasks are divided, resources are deployed, and departments are coordinated
A(n) _____ is a person who benefits from team membership but does not make a proportionate contribution to the team's work.
free rider
Organ Rentals Corporation has been having numerous problems. Communication across departments is poor and decisions are backing up at the top of the organization. Organ Rentals uses a ____ structure.
functional
Paying a woman less than a man for the same work is an example of
gender discrimination
Paying a woman less than a man for the same work is an example of::
gender discrimination
The learned behaviors associated with being male or female are referred to as:
gender roles.
All functions in a specific country or region report to the same division manager in ____ divisions.
geographic-based
All functions in a specific country or region report to the same division manager in _____ divisions.
geographic-based
All of the following are key steps of setting up feedback control systems EXCEPT:
getting employee opinions.
Cross-border work teams made up of members of different nationalities whose activities span multiple countries are called
global teams
The extent to which trade and investments, information, social and cultural ideas, and political cooperation flow between countries is called _____.
globalization
If ABC International has standardized its product line throughout the world it is pursuing a:
globalization strategy.
____ refers to a desired future state that an organization attempts to realize.
goal
In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the idea that employees have to "buy into" the goals.
goal acceptance
In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the degree to which goals are concrete and unambiguous.
goal specificity
Which of the following is not a reason why planning positively affects a company's performance?
goals and plans provide legitimacy for customers
All of the following are characteristics of effective goal setting except:
goals should be set for every aspect of employee behavior.
Tactical goals
goals that define the outcomes that major divisions and departments must achieve for the organization to reach its overall goals.
____ specify future ends and ____ specify today's means.
goals, plans
____ is a vital part of good management because decisions determine how the organization solves its problems, allocates resources, and accomplishes its goals.
good decision making
Go RVing, a U.S. company, built a subsidiary from scratch in England. This is an example of:
greenfield venture.
The tendency for people to be so committed to a cohesive team that they are reluctant to express contrary opinions refers to ____.
groupthink
Lying at the heart of Chinese culture, ____ is a supportive, mutually beneficial connection between two people.
guanxi
Keys to effective listening include all of the following EXCEPT:
have preconceptions.
multinational corporation (MNC)
have the resources to reach and serve the world's poorest people who cannot afford the typical products and services offered by large companies.
A figure who exemplifies the deeds, character, and attributes of a corporate culture is referred to as a:
hero.
Individuals who believe that they control their own destiny are described as having a
high internal locus of control
Individuals who believe that they control their own destiny are described as having a:
high internal locus of control.
A _____ interaction requires more time because a relationship has to be developed, and trust and friendship must be established.
high-context
Which of the following group is expected to grow the most in employment from 2008 to 2018?
hispanic
Shared development of innovations among several departments is emphasized by the _____ approach to innovation
horizontal linkage model
Makai's Marketing Mix (MMM) does not use its resources wisely. The employees at MMM spend too much time in meetings and not enough time focusing on the task at hand. MMM's management should consider changing the organizational structure from ____ to ____.
horizontal, vertical
The basics of the humanistic perspective is to understand what?
human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace
Most early interpretations of the Hawthorne studies argued that the factor that best explained increased output was _____.
human relations
Which of these refers to the management movement that was based on the idea that truly effective control comes from within the individual worker rather than from strict, authoritarian control?
human relations movement
The _____ function recruits selects, trains, transfers, promotes, and lays off employees to achieve strategic goals.
human resource
A country that places emphasis on fairness and values kindness would be described by the Globe Project as high in _____.
humane orientation
Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n) _____.
idea champion.
Planning
identifying goals for future organizational performance adn deciding on the tasks and use of resources needed to attain them
The _____ step in the decision making process involves using managerial, administrative, and persuasive abilities to translate the chosen alternative into action.
implementation
operating on international basis
important for managers to give considerable thought to economic, legal-political, and sociocultural factors.
According to the leadership grid, _____ means the absence of a management philosophy, where managers exert little effort toward interpersonal relationships or work accomplishment.
impoverished management
What is the goal of scientific management?
improve efficiency and labor productivity through scientific methods
recent financial crises
in the U.S. and Europe show, countries are economically interconnected, and financial problems in one area of the world can spread rapidly around the globe.
international dimension
in the external environment, represents events originating in foreign countries, as wells opportunities for companies in other countries
technological dimension
in the general environment, includes scientific and technological advances in society
wholly owned foreign affiliate
in which the company has complete control. Home Depot purchased the chain Home Mart in Mexico.
organizational environment
includes all elements existing outside the boundary of an organization that have the potential to affect it
natural dimension
includes all elements that occur naturally on Earth, including plants, animals, rocks and natural resources such s air, water and climate
sociocultural dimension
includes demographic characteristics, norms, stomas, and values of a population within which the organization operates
internal environment
includes elements within the organization's boundaries, such s employees, management and corporate culture
political instability
includes events such as riots, revolutions, or government upheavals that can affect the operations of an international company.
legal-political dimension
includes government regulations at the local, state and federal levels, as well as political activities designed to influence company behavior
organizational ecosystem
includes organizations in all the sectors of the task and general environments that provide the resource and information transactions, flows and linkages necessary for an organization to thrive
task environment
includes the sectors that conduct day-to-day transactions with the organization and directly influence its basic operations and performance
Which of the following is not a dividend of workplace diversity?
increased costs associated with wither turnover absenteeism and lawsuits
general environment
indirectly influences all organizations within an industry; includes five dimensions
When everyone is pursuing self-direction, the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest is an example of the_____.
individualism approach
A loosely knit social framework in which individuals are expected to take care of themselves is called:
individualism.
Preconventional level
individuals are concerned with external rewards or punishments and obey authority to avoid detrimental personal consequences. Managers: autocratic or coercive leadership Employees: dependable accomplishment of tasks
In utilizing the matching model of employee selection, the organization offers _____ and the employee offers ____.
inducements, contributions
What are political forces?
influence of political and legal institutions on people and organizations
A social group within an organization is part of the:
informal organization.
A country's physical facilities that support economic activities make up its _____.
infrastructure
In international operations, the economic environment includes
infrastructure
In international operations, the economic environment includes:
infrastructure.
With its "community of interest" in a pre-Facebook era, the Grateful Dead band's ability to ________ is a principle factor for its success over several decades.
innovate
Without _____, no company can survive over the long run.
innovation
Team _____ occurs when individuals and departments rely on other individuals and departments for information or resources to accomplish their work.
interdependence
The process of globalization typically passes through all of the following stages EXCEPT
interdomestic stage
The involvement culture has a(n) _____ focus on the involvement and participation of employees to rapidly meet changing needs from the environment.
internal
A pure functional structure is most appropriate for achieving
internal efficiency goals.
Molly Madison received "The Employee of the Month" Award at Internal Workings Remodeling Service in April. Molly would be considered a part of which of these for Internal Workings?
internal environment
An example of _____ is when current employees are given preference when a position opens in their organization.
internal recruiting
Classy Clay has extremely creative employees who, in the opinion of the organization, keep the company ahead of the competition. The creativity of these employees would be classified as a(n) _____.
internal strength
The consistency culture has a(n) _____ focus and an orientation for a _____ environment.
internal, stable
In the ____ stage a company usually adopts a multidomestic approach.
international
The ____ of the external environment represents events originating in foreign countries as well as opportunities for American companies in other countries.
international dimension
The management of business operations conducted in more than one country is called
international management
Quality-cast Telecom with an export-oriented, multidomestic strategic orientation would be participating in what stage of the international arena?
international stage
John has tremendous technical skills and frequently comes up with valuable ideas. However, he has clueless about how to promote it within the organization. John is a good example of a(n)_____ .
inventor.
Organizing
involves assigning tasks, grouping tasks, grouping tasks into departments, delegating authority, and allocating resources across the organization
World Trade Organization (WTO)
is a permanent membership organization that monitors trade and has authority to arbitrate disputes among 153 member countries.
Role
is a set of expectations for a managers behavior
euro
is a single European currency that has replaced the currencies of 16 EU member nations.
New workplace
is free flowing and flexible
Project Manager
is responsible for a temporary work project that involves the participation of people from carious functions and levels of the organization and perhaps from outside the company as well
outsourcing
is the most widespread involvement by foreign firms in China (manufacturing) and India (services).
Managing emotion is a basic component of emotional intelligence. Which of the following best describes managing emotions?
it is the ability to balance one's mood so that worry, anxiety, fear or anger do not cloud thinking
____ is a part of an organization's internal environment.
its salespeople
People generally experience _____ when their work matches their needs and interests, when working conditions and rewards (such as pay) are satisfactory, and when the employees like their co-workers.
job satisfaction
The most common reason for becoming an entrepreneur is:
joining the family business.
Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the
justice approach
The ethical decision approach that requires persons to be guided by standards of equity, fairness and impartiality is the:
justice approach.
The _____ represents people in the environment who can be hired to work for the organization.
labor market
The internal environment within which managers work includes all of the following except _____.
labor market
The star has a:
large market share in a rapidly growing industry.
In international operations, the economic environment represents all of the following factors EXCEPT
laws and regulations
Resource development, infrastructure, and exchange rates all describe which dimension in the international environment?
legal
A government inspection has required your company to upgrade the safety equipment in the manufacturing process of ice creamery. What dimension of the external environment has influenced these upgrades?
legal-political
The ____ dimension of the general environment includes federal, state, and local government regulations.
legal-political
The _____ dimension of the general environment includes federal, state, and local government regulations.
legal-political
Which department performs tasks that reflect the organization's primary goals and mission?
line
boundary spanning
links to and coordinates the organization with key elements in the external environment
Scenario building
looking at trends and discontinuities and imagining possible alternative futures to build a framework within which unexpected future events can be managed.
Jana has a high tolerance for the unstructured, the unclear, and the unpredictable. She can best be described as having:
low uncertainty avoidance.
____ is primarily responsible for operational goals/plans.
lower management
An advantage of the bottom-up budgeting process is:
lower managers are more involved.
All of the following are tactics for promoting stronger organizational commitment EXCEPT:
maintaining a secretive culture
multinational corporation (MNC)
managed as an integrated worldwide business system in which foreign affiliates act in close alliance and cooperation with one another.
All of the following are characteristics of Weberian bureaucracy except:
management is the same as the ownership of the organization.
international management
management of business operations conducted in more than one country.
____ means creating a climate in which the potential advantages of diversity for organizational or group performance are maximized while the potential disadvantages are minimized
managing diversity
A formal chain of command for both functional and divisional relationships is provided by the ____ approach to structure.
matrix
A formal chain of command for both functional and divisional relationships is provided by the _____ approach to structure.
matrix
Global companies often use a ____ structure to achieve simultaneous coordination of products across countries.
matrix
The ____ is the product or functional boss, who is responsible for one side of the matrix.
matrix boss
Kent works at the Tick Tock, Inc. He has two bosses, one a functional manager and the other a divisional manager. Tick Tock, Inc. has a
matrix structure.
global outsourcing (offshoring)
means engaging in the international division of labor so that work activities can be done in countries with the cheapest sources of labor and supplies.
direct investing
means that the company is involved in managing the productive assets, which distinguishes it from other entry strategies that permit less managerial control.
Hofstede's sociocultural value dimensions
measure power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism-collectivism, and masculinity-femininity.
Birmingham Boardwalk, Inc. uses a(n) ____ program to provide minorities and woman with direct training and inside information on the norms and expectations of the organization
mentoring
When an experienced employee guides and supports a newcomer or less-experienced employee, this is referred to as _____.
mentoring
When two or more organizations combine to become one, it is referred to as a:
merger.
Which of these is(are) primarily concerned with tactical goals/plans?
middle management
"We respect our employees and value their diversity" is an example of a statement you are most likely to find in the organization's _____.
mission
An organization's ____ describes what the organization stands for and its reason for existence.
mission
The organization's reason for existence is known as the organization's _____.
mission
Which of the following symbolizes the legitimacy of the organization to external audiences?
mission statement
A statement that identifies distinguishing characteristics of an organization is known as a(n):
mission statement.
The ____ is the basis for the strategic level of goals and plans which in turn shapes the ____ and ____ level.
mission, tactical, operational
In the ____ approach, a manufacturing company uses outside suppliers to provide entire chunks of a product, which are then assembled into a final product by a handful of workers.
modular
Which of the following is an informational role, according to Mintzberg?
monitor role
Controlling
monitoring employees' activities, determining whether the organization is moving toward its goals, and making corrections as necessary
The _____ refers to the ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them.
moral-rights approach
Human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by another individual's decision. This ethical decision making approach is known as the:
moral-rights approach.
The human resources perspective combined _______ with _________.
motivation with job design
Global Dandelion, with explosion of international operations stage of developement, is participating at what stage of globalization in the international arena?
multinational stage
Most organizations _____ shift from a monoculture perspective to one of pluralism
must make a conscious effort to
Relative to a flat organizational structure, a tall structure has a ____ span of management and ____ hierarchical levels.
narrow, more
Relative to a flat organizational structure, a tall structure has a _____ span of management and _____ hierarchical levels.
narrow; more
Managers shift gears quickly and therefore, the average time spent on any one activity is less than _____.
nine minutes
Good examples of ____ decisions are strategic decisions.
non programmed
Two area banks, Bank A and Bank B, decided to merge their operations. This is an example of a
non programmed
When a small community hospital decides to add a radiation therapy unit, it is considered a
non programmed
The first step in the perception process is _____.
observation
franchising
occurs when a franchisee buys a complete package of materials and services, including equipment, products, product ingredients, trademark and trade name rights, managerial advice and a standardized operating system.
licensing
offers a business firm relatively easy access to international markets at low cost, but it limits the company's participation in and control over the development of those markets.
Standing plans
ongoing plans that are used to provide guidance for tasks performed repeatedly within the organization.
____ system draws resources from the external environment and releases goods and services back to it.
open
____ is the most current management perspective.
open (collaborative) innovation
The goal of _____ is to get every employee thinking and acting like a business owner.
open-book management
Sherry is a first-line supervisor at Rooftop Corporation. She is most concerned with which level of goals?
operational goals
Which of the following is NOT a tool for executing a plan?
operations map
A social entity that is goal directed and deliberately structured is referred to as a(n):
organization.
An interdisciplinary field dedicated to the study of how individuals and groups tend to act in organizations is called:
organizational behavior.
The _____ delineates the chain of command, indicates departmental tasks and how they fit together, and provides order and logic for the organization.
organizational chart
The ____________ delineates the chain of command, indicates departmental tasks and how they fit together, and provides order and logic for the organization.
organizational chart
Organizational development can help managers address problems such as merger/acquisitions, conflict management, and _____ .
organizational decline/revitalization
For a widget manufacturing company, worker-hours per widget is a measure of:
organizational efficiency.
____ includes all elements existing outside the boundary of the organization that have the potential to affect the organization.
organizational environment
competitors
organizations within the same industry or type of business that vie for the same set of customers
Culture tends to differ between _____, but appears similar within _____.
organizations, industries
The forming stage of team development is characterized by
orientation
The forming stage of team development is characterized by:
orientation.
polycentric companies
oriented toward the markets of individual foreign host countries
The Maquiladora industry along the Texas-Mexico border on the Mexico side uses cheap labor for assembling products. This lowers the price for U.S. consumers and is an example of
outsourcing
Which of the following refers to engaging in the international division of labor so as to obtain the cheapest sources of labor and supplies regardless of country?
outsourcing
____ is the most widespread approach to international involvement in China and India.
outsourcing
The Maquiladora industry along the Texas-Mexico border on the Mexico side uses cheap labor for assembling products. This lowers the price for U.S. consumers and is an example of:
outsourcing.
What are subsystems?
parts of the system that are all interconnected
customers
people and organizations that acquire goods or services form a company
low-context culture
people use communication primarily to exchange facts and information. ./U.S.
high-context culture
people use communication to build personal relationships. ./China
The cognitive process people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information is called:
perception.
Which of the following is not a function of management?
performance
Messages that appraise how well individuals and departments are doing their jobs are called:
performance feedback.
During the _____ stage of team development, the major emphasis is on task accomplishment.
performing
Self-directed teams are ____ teams.
permanent
When managers base decisions on what has worked in the past and fail to explore new options, they are:
perpetuating the status quo.
The extent to which a person's ability and personality match the requirements of a job is called:
person-job fit
Referent power depends on the leader's:
personal characteristics.
Interpersonal Roles
pertain to relationships with others and are related to the human skills described earlier
Decisional Roles
pertain to those events about which the manager must make a choice and take action
ethnocentric companies
place emphasis on their home countries.
A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n)
plan
A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n) _____.
plan
A blueprint specifying the resource allocations schedules, and other actions necessary for attaining goals is referred to as a(n):
plan
Which of the following is not a step in the organizational planning process?
plan marketing tactics
Selecting goals and ways to attain them refers to _____.
planning
The forecasting of human resource needs and the projected matching of individuals with expected job vacancies is referred to as human resource _____.
planning
____ is the act of determining the organization's goals and the means for achieving them.
planning
Tactical plans
plans designed to help execute major strategic plans and to accomplish a specific part of the company's strategy
Operational plans
plans developed at the organization's lower levels that specify action steps toward achieving operational goals and that support tactical planning activities.
Single-use plans
plans that are developed to achieve a set of goals that are unlikely to be repeated in the future.
Contingency plans
plans that define company responses to specific situations, such as emergencies, setbacks, or unexpected conditions.
The _____ model closely resembles the real environment in which most managers and decision-makers operate.
political
A company's risk of loss of assets, earning power, or managerial control due to politically based events or action by host government is referred to as:
political risk.
The relationship between social responsibility and financial performance has been shown to be ____.
positive
The relationship between social responsibility and financial performance has been shown to be _____.
positive
Social entrepreneurs are committed to both good business and:
positive social change.
When the USS Indianapolis sank after being torpedoed, one Navy pilot disobeyed orders and risked his life to save men who were being picked off by land sharks. The Navy pilot was operating from the ________ level of moral development.
postconventional
An interest group that works within the legal-political framework to influence companies to behave in socially responsible ways is called a(n)
pressure group
Statements that define fundamental values and reference organizational responsibilities, products and employees are often called ____.
principle-based
____ decisions are associated with decision rules.
programmed
If your instructor has an attendance policy, she/he is using a(n)
programmed decision
Nordstrom Department Store's "No questions asked - Return's Policy" is an example of a(n)
programmed decision
A(n) ____ is responsible for coordinating the activities of several departments.
project manager
Ralph is a tireless workaholic who spends most of his time thinking about work, even when not at work. He considers this to be the norm at his place of employment, and believes that his three subordinates are equally committed to their jobs. This is an example of which perceptual distortion?
projection
bottom of the pyramid (BOP) concept
proposes corporations can alleviate poverty and other social ills, and make significant profits, by selling to the world's poorest people.
suppliers
provide the raw materials the organizations uses to produce its output
A group of 6 to 12 volunteer employees who meet regularly to discuss and solve problems affecting their common work activities is a _____.
quality circle
Traditional model dimensions of diversity include
race
multinational corporation (MNC)
receives more than 25 percent of its total sales revenues from operations outside the parent's home country.
Programmed decisions are made in response to ____ organizational problems.
recurring
Programmed decisions are made in response to _____ organizational problems.
recurring
Which of the following behaviors is consistent with the socioemotional role?
reduce tension
Flash Card Inc. recently underwent a significant company-wide change that involved revision of its manufacturing and leadership processes. The result of this was a stronger emphasis on horizontal coordination. This level of change is referred to as _____.
reengineering
political risk
refers to a company's risk of loss of assets, earning power, or managerial control due to politically based events or actions by host governments.
infrastructure
refers to a country's physical facilities, such as highways, utilities, and airports, that support economic activities.
individualism
refers to a preference for a loosely knit social framework in which individuals are expected to take care of themselves.
collectivism
refers to a preference for a tightly social framework in which individuals look after one another and organizations protect their members' interests.
Efficiency
refers to the amount of resources used to achieve an organizational goal
bottom of the pyramid (BOP)
refers to the more than 4 billion people who make up the lowest level of the world's economic "pyramid" as defined by per-capita income. These people earn less than US$1,500 a year, with about one-fourth of them earning less than a dollar a day.
Time Management
refers to using techniques that enable you to get more done in less time and with better results
short-term orientation
reflects a concern with the past and present and a high value on meeting current obligations.
long-term orientation
reflects a greater concern for the future and a high value on thrift and perseverance
Two leadership styles used by Fiedler in his contingency theory were:
relationship-oriented and task-oriented.
Type A behavior pattern is characterized by all of these EXCEPT
relaxed lifestyle
Type A behavior pattern is characterized by all of these EXCEPT:
relaxed lifestyle.
all of the following are traditional model dimensions of diversity EXCEPT
religious beliefs
economic dimension
represents the general economic health of the country or region in which the organization operates
An advantage of functional structures is the
resulting economies of scale.
All of the following are common dysfunctions of teams EXCEPT:
results orientation.
Intentionally reducing the company's workforce to the point where the number of employees is deemed to be right for the company's current situation is referred to as _____.
rightsizing
Under conditions of ____, statistical analyses are useful.
risk
Which of the following means that a decision has clear-cut goals and that good information is available, but the future outcomes associated with each alternative are subject to chance?
risk
Which of the following is the uncertainty about what behaviors are expected of a person in a particular role?
role abiguity
The effectiveness of goals depends on the extent to which goal achievement is linked to:
salary increases
An organization's _____ is a part of its internal environment.
salespeople
In the context of work team effectiveness, ____ pertains to the team's ability to meet the personal needs of its members.
satisfaction
In the context of work team effectiveness, _____ pertains to the team's ability to meet the personal needs of its members.
satisfaction
Work team effectiveness is based on three outcomes: productive output, capacity to adapt and learn, and
satisfaction
Research shows that the link between ____ and ____ is small and is influenced by other factors.
satisfaction; performance
The essence of _____ is to choose the first solution available.
satisficing
According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in Chapter 10, all of the following are effective ways for a manager to delegate EXCEPT:
save feedback for completion of the project
_____ proposes that an organization should be arranged in a strict vertical hierarchy and that communication should be largely limited to this vertical flow.
scalar chain
Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of
scientific management
Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of:
scientific management.
Effective virtual team leaders use technology to build relationships through all of the following ways EXCEPT:
scrutinize electronic communication patterns
Chris Linsey has been assigned to conduct a situation analysis for the plumbing supply company she works for. As part of this assignment, Linsey will:
search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact her firm
Fred has been assigned to conduct a SWOT analysis for his organization, Acme, Inc. As part of this assignment, Fred will:
search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that impact his firm.
major alternatives for engaging in the international arena
seek cheaper resources via outsourcing and to develop markets outside the home country.
According to Maslow, the highest order needs are:
self-actualization needs.
A high degree of ____ means you can accurately assess your own strengths and limitations and have a healthy sense of self-confidence.
self-awareness
A high degree of _____means you can accurately assess your own strengths and limitations and have a healthy sense of self-confidence.
self-awareness
The general assurance in one's own ideas, judgment, and capabilities is referred to as:
self-confidence
The general assurance in one's own ideas, judgment, and capabilities is referred to as:
self-confidence.
Which of the following statements is true?
self-directed teams are empowered with decision-making authority
An individual's strong belief that he or she can successfully accomplish a specific task or outcome is referred to as:
self-efficacy
An individual's strong belief that he or she can successfully accomplish a specific task or outcome is referred to as:
self-efficacy.
The tendency to overestimate the contribution of internal factors to one's successes and the contribution of external factors to one's failures is a result of:
self-serving bias.
A(n)_____ leader works to fulfill subordinated needs and goals as well as to achieve the organization's larger mission.
servant
Traditionally, a span of management of about ____ has been recommended.
seven
Traditionally, a span of management of about _____ has been recommended.
seven
all of these are inclusive dimensions of diversity EXCEPT
sexual orientation
A _____ represents a phrase or sentence that succinctly expresses a key corporate value.
slogan
In __________ production, firms produce goods in batches of one or a few products designed to customer specification.
small batch
The question mark has a:
small market share in a rapidly growing industry.
____ forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.
social
Language, values, religion, and education all describe which dimension in the international environment?
sociocultural
When Miami Herald launches a Spanish-language newspaper, El Nuevo Herald, with articles emphasizing Hispanic, Cuban, and Latin American news and sports, it is responding to changes in ____ environment.
sociocultural
____ environment consists of demographic factors, such as population density.
sociocultural
Which dimension of the general environment represents the demographic characteristics, norms, customs, and values of the population within which the organization operates?
sociocultural dimension
entrepreneur
someone who recognizes a viable idea for a business product or service and carries it out
Which of the following teams are created outside the formal organization structure to undertake a project of special importance or creativity?
special-purpose
The individual performer is a _____; whereas, the manager has to be a(n) _____.
specialist; generalist
Operational goals
specific, measurable results expected from departments, work groups, and individuals within the organization
Vivian, as a vice-president of marketing, which is far removed from the research and development department. However, she keeps a close eye on what is happening in R & D and tries to support good ideas whenever she can by removing unnecessary organizational obstacles. Vivian is a good example of a(n)_____.
sponsor
____ departments include all of those that provide specialized skills in support of ____ departments.
staff;line
Stephanie is nervous about giving a presentation at the marketing firm where she works. One of her male coworkers told her, "Don't be such girl, attack that presentation!" Now Stephanie is so concerned about appearing tough that she can barely concentrate on the content of the presentation. Stephanie's anxiety stems from:
stereotype
____ is a rigid, exaggerated irrational belief associated with a popular group of people
stereotype
During the _____ stage, the team leader should encourage participation by each team member.
storming
Broad statements describing where the organization wants to be in the future are called:
strategic goals
____ is the set of decisions and actions used to formulate and implement strategies that will provide a competitively superior fit between an organization and its environment.
strategic management
A long-term time frame is most closely associated with:
strategic plans.
The plan of action that prescribes resource allocation and other activities for dealing with the environment and helping the organization attain its goals is known as a(n) _____.
strategy
In using MBO, objectives should be set by the:
supervisor and the employee jointly.
If a small business owner enjoys the chance to balance work and personal life, he would be considered a(n) _____.
sustainer
An object, act, or event that conveys meaning to others is referred to as a:
symbol.
The teamwork philosophy is based in part on the assumption that five people working together can produce more than five people working individually. This philosophy is consistent with the concept of
synergy
The teamwork philosophy is based in part on the assumption that five people working together can produce more than five people working individually. This philosophy is consistent with the concept of _____.
synergy
The condition that exists when the organization's parts interact to produce a joint effect that is greater than the sum of the parts acting alone is known as:
synergy.
Marissa was recently assigned to a committee whose task is to research new product opportunities. Once this group generates a list of six or seven viable options, it will be disbanded. This group is also known as a
task force.
A centralized network is one in which:
team members communicate through one individual to make decisions.
A _____ change is related to the organization production process.
technological
Scientific and technological advancements in a specific industry as well as in society at large are included in which general environment dimension?
technological dimension
All of the following are things bad bosses do to create stress for their subordinates EXCEPT:
tell people exactly what is expected of them
A task force is a ____ committee formed to solve a specific problem.
temporary
global mindset
the ability of managers to appreciate and influence individuals, groups, organizations, and systems that represent different social, cultural, political, institutional, intellectual, and psychological characteristics.
Planning
the act of determining the organization's goals and the means for achieving them.
Strategic plans
the action steps by which an organization intends to attain strategic goals.
Management
the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources
What are economic forces?
the availability, production, and distribution of resources
external locus of control
the belief by individuals that their future is not within their control but rather is influenced by external forces
internal locus of control
the belief by individuals that their future is within their control and that external forces have little influence
Conceptual Skill
the cognitive ability to see the organization as a whole system and the relationships among its parts
power distance
the degree to which people accept inequality in power among institutions, organizations, and people.
Effectiveness
the degree to which the organization achieves a stated goal or succeeds in accomplishing what it tries to do
The planning process begins with which of these?
the development of a mission statement
Globalization
the extent to which trade and investments, information, social and cultural ideas, and political cooperation flow between countries.
Which of the following is an invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions?
the glass ceiling
Trouser's inc management is exclusively made up of older white males. Trouser's promotes from within and top management is most comfortable with individuals who are similar to them. Woman and minorities at this company who wish to be promoted are likely to experience
the glass ceiling effect
____ serves as invisible barriers to important lateral movement within the organization
the glass wall
All of the following are true about employee network groups EXCEPT:
the groups are formally created by the organization
An overall impression of a person or situation based on one attribute, either favorable or unfavorable, is an example of:
the halo effect.
One of the important ideas in the text's definition of management is:
the management functions of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
Human Skill
the managers ability to work with and through other people and to work effectively as a group member
Which of the following is an individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization?
the moral agent
greenfield venture
the most costly and risky direct investment, which means a company builds a subsidiary from scratch in a foreign country.
ethnocentrism
the natural tendency among people to regard their own culture as superior to others.
Mission
the organization's reason for existence.
labor market
the people available for hire by the organization
Disk Replacement Services has just completed a procedure manual to handle employee grievances. One of the main criteria is to make it clear to employees that rules will be administered fairly and consistently. Disk Replacement operates on:
the procedural justice approach.
entrepreneurship
the process of initiating a business venture, organizing the necessary resources, and assuming the associated risks and rewards
Typically, project managers have authority over ____ but not over ____ assigned to it.
the project, people
Typically, project managers have authority over _____ but not over _____ assigned to it.
the project; people
tolerance for ambiguity
the psychological characteristic that allows a person to be untroubled by disorder and uncertainty
Coordination is defined as
the quality of collaboration across departments.
basic management functions
the same in either a domestic or international subsidiary, but managers will experience greater difficulties and risks when performing these functions internationally.
culture
the set of key values, beliefs, understandings and norms shared by members of an organization
Culture can be defined as:
the set of key values, beliefs, understandings, and norms shared by members of an organization.
Technical Skills
the understanding of and proficiency in the performance of specific tasks.
Leading
the use of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals
What is synergy?
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Beth Brant, production supervisor at Trustworthy Tools Mfg., Inc. believes that her employees dislike work, avoid responsibility, and therefore they need to be controlled and directed. Beth is a:
theory X manager.
Tommy believes his employees are responsible, creative, and able to work with minimal direction. He is a:
theory Y manager.
All of the following are advantages of a divisional structure EXCEPT
there is little duplication of services across divisions.
Organizations must find ways to eliminate the glass ceiling effect. One effective way to do this has been
to develop mentoring relationships
Organizations must find ways to eliminate the glass ceiling effect. One effective way to do this has been:
to develop mentoring relationships.
____ is primarily responsible for strategic goals/plans.
top management
multinational corporation (MNC)
top managers are presumed to exercise a global perspective.
The distinguishing personal characteristics of a leader are known as:
traits.
The _____ leader is distinguished by his/her ability to bring about organizational change.
transformational
geocentric companies
truly world oriented and favor no specific country.
NAFTA and the EU
two important, yet sometimes controversial, regional alliances.
partnership
typically the fastest, cheapest, and least risky way to get into the global game.
multinational corporation (MNC)
ultimately controlled by a single management authority that makes key strategic decisions relating to the parent and all affiliates.
The four positions on the possibility of failure scale include certainty, risk, ambiguity, and _____.
uncertainty
A step in the diagnosis stage of organizational development in which participants are made aware of problems is referred to as _____,
unfreezing
Organizational development specialists identify three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal changes. These are
unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.
What does quantitative perspective use?
use of mathematics and statistics to aid management decision making. Enhanced by development and perfection of the computer
Compared to men, women tend to:
use their unique conversational style to show involvement.
Mondavi Corporation has a finance department, a marketing department, and a production department. Mondavi
uses a functional structure.
Bell Electronics decided to continue operations at a newer plant while shutting down another that needed extensive remodeling. More than 300 people lost their jobs as the result of this decision, but 5,000 people were able to keep working. The decision was justified on the basis of what was created the greatest good for the greatest number is an example of what approach?
utilitarian
Caleb is a manager at Computer-Care Company. He is expected to consider the effort of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the satisfaction for the greatest number of people. This is an example of the:
utilitarian approach.
Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another. The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the total corporation. This is an example of the:
utilitarian approach.
consistency culture
values and rewards a methodical, rational, orderly way of doing things
Common types of formal teams are
vertical and horizontal
Kara's department is made up of people with similar skills and work activities. Her organization uses the ____ approach to departmentalization.
vertical functional
Which of the following is a formal team composed of a manager and his or her subordinates?
vertical team
In the _____ structure, the organization is viewed as a central hub surrounded by a network of outside specialists which are sometimes spread all over the world.
virtual network
In the ________ structure, the organization is viewed as a central hub surrounded by a network of outside specialists which are sometimes spread all over the world.
virtual network
Walt works for a large company. Recently, his organization began to contract out such functions as training, engineering, and computer service. This approach is consistent with a
virtual network structure
Strategy defines _____ to do (it) while organizing defines _____ to do (it).
what; how
Strategy defines ___ to do (it) while organizing defines___ to do (it).
what;how
merger
when two or more organizations combine to become one
Performance
which is the attainment of organizational goals by using resources in a efficient and effective manner
Which of these is the disclosure by an employee of an illegal activity?
whistle-blowing
A foreign subsidiary over which an organization has complete control is called a:
wholly owned foreign affiliate.
While interviews are _____, they are generally _____ predictors of subsequent job performance.
widely used, not valid
Brazil
with its rapidly growing consumer market, is becoming a major player in the shifting international landscape.
Middle managers
work at middle levels of the organization and are responsible for business units and major departments
Which of the following refers to the degree to which organizational tasks are subdivided into individual jobs?
work specialization
According to the text, all of the following are ways managers can improve their writing skills EXCEPT:
writing lengthy explanations.
