Final Exam Practice
TRUE or FALSE. Embryos of diploblastic and triploblastic animals form endoderm and ectoderm and a blastopore that develops into a mouth.
BOTH TRUE AND FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. All Lophotrochozoans are acoelomate animals that produce a filter-feeding structure called a lophophore and a ciliated trochophore larva. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. All cephalopods exhibit some form of torsion, the 180° rotation of the visceral mass. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. All mollusks exhibit some form of torsion, the rotation of the visceral mass. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. Chytrids are all obligate intracellular parasites without true mitochondria. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. Placental mammals do not form extraembryonic membranes such as the chorion and amnion. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. Powered flight originated only once among invertebrate animals and only once among vertebrates. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. Sponges, placozoans, cnidarians and ctenophorans represent all of the living diploblastic animals. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. The basal ecdysozoans (priapulids, kinorhynchs, loriciferans) do not form wings or a cuticle. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. Vertebrates are Chordates that do not form a notochord at any time during embryonic development. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE: Eumetazoans include all described animals. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE: Of the described species presently known to science, over half are vertebrates. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE: There are only two synapomorphies that unite all metazoans—unique cell junctions and the formation of ectoderm and endoderm during development. a. TRUE b. FALSE
FALSE
TRUE or FALSE. All insects are hexapods, but not all hexapods are insects. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE. Animals are all multicellular, but fungi are not all necessarily multicellular. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE. Annelid worms are all coelomate animals that have a complete digestive system, a central nervous system, and include earthworms, leeches and polychaetes. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE. Hyphae produced by the Zygomycota, Chytridiomycota and Glomeromycota are always coenocytic. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE. Molecular data indicate that among the bilaterally symmetrical animals, the Protostomes are more derived than the Deuterostomes. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE. Most insects have complete metamorphosis (are holometabolous), which means the adult and juvenile stages are different in appearance. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE. Mushroom-forming fungi DO NOT form a monophyletic group. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE. Powered flight probably originated only once among invertebrate animals and three times among vertebrates. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: All insects are hexapods, but not all hexapods are insects. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Eumetazoans include all described animals that undergo gastrulation to produce embryonic tissues. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Lichen-forming fungi can be found in both the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Yeast-forming fungi can be found in both the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. a. TRUE b. FALSE
TRUE
Bipedal anthropoid primate fossils date from how long ago? a. 5-6 million years ago b. 20 million years ago c. 120 thousand years ago d. 1 million years ago e. 5000 years ago
a. 5-6 million years ago
A water vascular system and tube feet characterize which animal group? a. Echinoderms b. Cnidarians c. Ctenophorans d. Sponges e. Hemichordates
a. Echinoderms
Marsupial mammals: a. Have shorter gestation times than placental mammal s b. Are found only in Australia c. Do not produce milk d. Lay eggs e. Do not have hair
a. Have shorter gestation times than placental mammal
Marsupial mammals: a. Have shorter gestation times than placental mammals b. Are found only in Australia c. Do not produce milk d. Lay eggs e. Do not have hair
a. Have shorter gestation times than placental mammals
Which of the following are not diapsid amniotes? a. Mammals b. Birds c. Turtles d. Dinosaurs e. Snakes
a. Mammals
Besides being round or flat, roundworms are distinguishable from flatworms because: a. Only roundworms form a cuticle b. Flatworms are coelomate and roundworms are pseudocoelomate c. Flatworms are parasitic and roundworms are not d. Roundworms are Deuterostomes e. Only roundworms are triploblastic
a. Only roundworms form a cuticle
Besides being round or flat, roundworms are distinguishable from flatworms because: a. Only roundworms form a cuticle b. Flatworms are coelomate and roundworms are pseudocoelomate c. Flatworms are parasitic and roundworms are not d. Roundworms are asexual e. Only roundworms are triploblastic
a. Only roundworms form a cuticle
The earliest multicellular animals are found in the fossil record how long ago? a. Precambrian (over 600 million years ago) b. Cambrian (590-505 million years ago) c. Ordovician (505-438 million years ago) d. Silurian (438-408 million years ago) e. Devonian (408-360 million years ago)
a. Precambrian (over 600 million years ago)
Based on what we know about the fossil record of animals, which of the following groups would probably NOT be represented in strata of Jurassic age (213-144 mya): a. Primates b. Insects c. Mammals d. Birds e. Turtles
a. Primates
Roundworms are distinguishable from flatworms how? a. Roundworms form a cuticle and flatworms do not b. Flatworms are coelomate and roundworms are pseudocoelomate c. One group is parasitic and one is not d. One is terrestrial and one is aquatic e. They are not distinguishable at all
a. Roundworms form a cuticle and flatworms do not
Which of the following is NOT a Lophotrochozoan group? a. Tardigrades b. Snails c. Annelids d. Flukes e. Brachiopods
a. Tardigrades
Each of the following statements is true about the Lophotrochozoans EXCEPT: a. They are diploblastic b. They are protostomes c. They include squid, earthworms and snails d. They are invertebrate animals e. They are Eumetazoans
a. They are diploblastic
All of the following statements are true about Prototherians EXCEPT: a. They are not true mammals b. They lay eggs c. They do not form a placenta d. They have hair e. They are Deuterostomes
a. They are not true mammals
Hagfishes and lampreys differ from most other groups of living fishes because: a. They both lack jaws b. Neither has a backbone c. They are both extinct d. They are both acoelomate e. They are both diploblastic
a. They both lack jaws
Hagfishes and lampreys differ from most other groups of living fishes because: a. They both lack jaws b. Neither has an endoskeleton c. They are both extinct d. They are both acoelomate e. They are both diploblastic
a. They both lack jaws
Fossils of which of the following are found in the oldest strata? a. Tiktaalik b. Synapsids c. Birds d. First amniotes e. First turtles
a. Tiktaalik
All animals exhibit all of the following EXCEPT: a. Zygotic meiosis b. Multicellular c. Chemoheterotrophic nutrition d. At least some life cycle stages capable of movement e. Oogamous
a. Zygotic meiosis
Which of the following are diapsid archosaurs: a. birds b. turtles c. lizards d. mammals e. snakes
a. birds
Cells of animals are commonly organized into tissues, including all of the following EXCEPT: a. epidermal b. epithelial c. muscle d. connective e. neural
a. epidermal
Cells of animals are organized into tissues, including all of the following EXCEPT: a. epidermal b. epithelial c. muscle d. connective e. neural
a. epidermal
Chytrids differ from other fungi mainly by their: a. motility b. sexual phases c. cellulose cell walls d. ecology e. ploidy
a. motility
Chytrids differ from other fungi mainly by their: a. motility b. sexual phases c. cellulose cell walls d. ecology e. ploidy
a. motility
Which one of the following human diseases is associated with ecdysozoans? a. trichinosis b. schistosomiasis c. malaria d. microsporidiosis e. "St. Anthony's Fire"
a. trichinosis
Which of the following groups of fungi do NOT have coenocytic hyphae: a. Glomeromycota b. Ascomycota c. Zygomycota d. Chytridiomycota
b. Ascomycota
Which of the following groups of fungi include lichens, mushrooms and yeasts? a. Glomeromycota b. Basidiomycota c. Zygomycota d. Chytridiomycota e. Microsporidia
b. Basidiomycota
A characteristic of both Protostomes AND Deuterostomes is: a. Diploblastic b. Bilateral symmetry c. Blastopore becomes mouth d. Spiral cleavage of zygote e. Entirely invertebrate
b. Bilateral symmetry
Two groups of mostly marine diploblastic animals that form translucent jelly-like bodies are: a. Cephalochordates and Mollusks b. Cnidarians and Ctenophorans c. Sponges and Cnidarians d. Planarians and Cnidarians e. Ctenophorans and Priapulids
b. Cnidarians and Ctenophorans
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of any member of the Basidiomycota? a. Extended dikaryotic phase b. Coenocytic hyphae c. Form mushrooms d. Clamp connections e. Form yeasts
b. Coenocytic hyphae
Sponges a. Are diploblastic animals b. Do not form endoderm or ectoderm c. Include both aquatic and terrestrial species d. Produce many blastopores during gastrulation e. Are protostomes
b. Do not form endoderm or ectoderm
Sponges a. Are diploblastic animals b. Do not form endoderm or ectoderm c. Include both aquatic and terrestrial species d. Produce many blastopores during gastrulation e. Are protostomes
b. Do not form endoderm or ectoderm
. Which of the following are invertebrates that exhibit powered flight? a. Hexapods b. Insects c. Birds d. Bats e. Entognathans
b. Insects
Which of the following is classified as a Prosimian primate? a. Opossum b. Lemur c. Spider monkey d. Platypus e. Baboon
b. Lemur
Which of the following is classified as a Prosimian primate? a. Orangutan b. Lemur c. Spider monkey d. Platypus e. Baboon
b. Lemur
Which of the following is NOT an arthropod group: a. Spiders b. Nematodes c. Millipedes d. Horseshoe crabs e. Trilobites
b. Nematodes
The closest living relatives to the Arthropods are: a. Nematodes b. Onychophorans c. Priapulids, Kinorhynchs, Loriciferans d. Molluscs e. Annelids
b. Onychophorans
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all mammals? a. Synapsid skull b. Placental c. Homeothermic d. Hair e. Lactation
b. Placental
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all mammals? a. Synapsid skull b. Placental c. Inner ear bones d. Hair e. Lactation
b. Placental
The Ecdysozoa animals: a. Are Deuterostomes b. Produce a cuticle c. Are diploblastic d. All have jointed legs e. Are all terrestrial
b. Produce a cuticle
Which of the following are NOT arthropods? a. Spiders b. Squids c. Millipedes d. Crayfish e. Trilobites
b. Squids
Which of the following is NOT true of mollusks? a. They produce a foot, visceral mass and mantle b. They are all aquatic c. They are represented by an extensive fossil record d. They are Protostomes e. They are Lophotrochozoans
b. They are all aquatic
Which of the following is NOT true of mollusks? a. They produce a foot, visceral mass and mantle b. They are all pseudocoelomate c. They are represented by an extensive fossil record d. They are Protostomes e. They are Lophotrochozoans
b. They are all pseudocoelomate
A distinguishing characteristic of the Cnidaria is: a. They do not undergo gastrulation b. They kill prey with specialized stinging cells c. They are entirely asexual d. Some species are unicellular e. They are diploblastic animals that form mesoderm
b. They kill prey with specialized stinging cells
A distinguishing characteristic of the Cnidaria is: a. They do not undergo gastrulation b. They kill prey with specialized stinging cells c. They undergo torsion d. Some species are unicellular e. They are diploblastic animals that form mesoderm
b. They kill prey with specialized stinging cells
Based on the fossil record, amniote vertebrates appear approximately how long ago? a. 65 thousand years b. 125 million years c. 340 million years d. 6 million years e. 420 million years
c. 340 million years
Within the primate mammals, humans are classified as: a. Prosimians b. Prototherians c. Anthropoids d. Archosauria e. Diapsids
c. Anthropoids
Which of the following are invertebrate Chordates? a. Sea stars b. Snails c. Cephalochordates d. Hemichordates e. Squids
c. Cephalochordates
Which of the following are invertebrate Chordates? a. Sea stars b. Snails c. Cephalochordates d. Hemichordates e. Squids
c. Cephalochordates
The most species-rich order of insects is _______, containing over 400,000 described species. a. Chelicerata (spiders, tick, mites) b. Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, ants) c. Coleoptera (beetles) d. Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) e. Collembola (springtails)
c. Coleoptera (beetles)
Deuterostomes characterized by entirely marine animals with adult radial symmetry are: a. Sharks b. Cnidarians c. Echinoderms d. Vertebrates e. Brachiopods
c. Echinoderms
Which of the following characters is NOT shared by BOTH Basidiomycota and Ascomycota? a. Form yeasts b. Form lichens c. Form clamp connections d. Form mushrooms e. Have extended dikaryotic phase
c. Form clamp connections
Which of the following characters is NOT shared by both Basidiomycota and Ascomycota? a. Form yeasts b. Form lichens c. Form clamp connections d. Form mushrooms e. Have extended dikaryotic phase
c. Form clamp connections
Which of the following fungal groups forms arbuscular endomycorrhizal (AM) associations with plants? a. Choanoflagellates b. Microsporidia c. Glomeromycota d. Chytrids e. Yeasts
c. Glomeromycota
Which of the following fungal groups forms arbuscular endomycorrhizal associations with plants? a. Choanoflagellates b. Microsporidia c. Glomeromycota d. Chytrids e. Yeasts
c. Glomeromycota
Only one of the following is a major synapomorphy of metazoans. Which is it? a. Multicellular b. Heterotrophic c. Production of tight junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions d. Diplontic life cycle e. Embryo undergoes gastrulation to produce either two or three germ layers
c. Production of tight junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions
Which of the following are not considered to be derived tetrapods? a. Mammals b. Salamanders c. Sharks d. Dinosaurs e. Birds
c. Sharks
Which of the following are invertebrate chordate animals? a. Sea urchins b. Lampreys c. Tunicates d. Insects e. Snails
c. Tunicates
In the life cycle of the bread mold Rhizopus, identify a structure that is always produced and is diploid? a. Clamp connection b. Mushroom c. Zygosporangium d. Basidium e. Asexual spore
c. Zygosporangium
Turtles are now considered to be: a. synapsid reptiles b. diapsid archosaurs c. diapsid reptiles with an anapsid skull d. the only warm-blooded (endothermic) amniotes e. sister to the lineage containing mammals
c. diapsid reptiles with an anapsid skull
The two most species-rich orders of mammals are: a. bats and primates b. birds and bats c. rodents and bats d. rodents and whales e. bats and carnivores
c. rodents and bats
Modern amphibians include all of the following EXCEPT a. frogs b. caecilians c. snakes d. salamanders e. toads
c. snakes
Modern amphibians include all of the following EXCEPT a. frogs b. caecilians c. turbellarians d. salamanders e. toads
c. turbellarians
If you found a new mushroom that formed clamp connections and conidia, to which group do you think it would eventually be assigned? a. Ascomycota b. Chytridiomycota c. Zygomycota d. Basidiomycota e. Glomeromycota
d. Basidiomycota
Which of the following clades is sister to the Metazoa (animals)? a. Fungi b. Opisthokonts c. Amoebozoa d. Choanoflagellates e. Sponges
d. Choanoflagellates
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of any member of the Ascomycota? a. Extended dikaryotic phase b. Chitin cell walls c. Form mushrooms d. Clamp connections e. Form lichens
d. Clamp connections
Phylogenetically, you are a member of all of the following clades EXCEPT: a. Anthropoid primates b. Eumetazoans c. Eukaryotes d. Excavates e. Opisthokonts
d. Excavates
Which of the following groups is characterized by adult bilateral symmetry and a blastopore than develops into an anus? a. Cnidarians b. Mollusks c. Arthropods d. Hemichordates e. Echinoderms
d. Hemichordates
Cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) are examples of: a. Lungfishes b. Amniotes c. Placoderms d. Jawless fishes e. Invertebrate chordates
d. Jawless fishes
Arthropods have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: a. Jointed legs b. Segmentation c. Hemocoel body cavity d. Mantle e. Ecdysis
d. Mantle
Arthropods have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: a. Jointed legs b. Thick exoskeleton c. Hemocoel body cavity d. Mantle e. Ecdysis
d. Mantle
Phylogenetically, you are a member of all of the following clades EXCEPT: a. Anthropoid primates b. Eumetazoans c. Eukaryotes d. Protostomes e. Opisthokonts
d. Protostomes
Which is NOT classified as an anthropoid primate? a. Chimpanzees b. Homo sapiens c. Neanderthals d. Pugatorius e. New World monkeys
d. Pugatorius
Which is NOT classified as an anthropoid primate? a. Chimpanzees b. Homo sapiens c. Neanderthals d. Pugatorius e. New World monkeys
d. Pugatorius
Which of the following groups is represented ONLY by fossils? a. Brachiopods b. Sponges c. Placozoans d. Trilobites e. Entognathans
d. Trilobites
Which of the following groups is represented ONLY by fossils? a. Brachiopods b. Sponges c. Placozoans d. Trilobites e. Entognathans
d. Trilobites
Which of the following are not diapsid amniotes: a. lizards b. birds c. crocodiles d. caecilians e. snakes
d. caecilians
Which of the following are not diapsid amniotes: a. lizards b. birds c. crocodiles d. caecilians e. snakes
d. caecilians
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of any members of the Kingdom Fungi? a. spores b. motility c. sexual reproduction d. photosynthesis e. chitin cell walls
d. photosynthesis
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of any members of the Fungi? a. spores b. flagellated cells c. conidia d. produce collagen e. chitin cell walls
d. produce collagen
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of any members of the Fungi? a. spores b. flagellated cells c. conidia d. produce collagen e. chitin cell walls
d. produce collagen
Which one of the following human diseases is associated with fungi? a. trichinosis b. schistosomiasis c. malaria d. filariasis e. "St. Anthony's Fire"
e. "St. Anthony's Fire"
Which of the following groups is characterized by adult radial symmetry and a blastopore that develops into an anus? a. Cnidarians b. Mollusks c. Arthropods d. Hemichordates e. Echinoderms
e. Echinoderms
Living amniotes include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Turtles b. Mammals c. Birds d. Snakes e. Frogs
e. Frogs
Arthropods include all of the following groups EXCEPT: a. Millipedes b. Trilobites c. Spiders d. Entognathans e. Gastropods
e. Gastropods
All molds and mushrooms are composed of masses of fungal hyphae referred to as a fungal __________. a. Plasmodium b. Mycorrhizae c. Epithelium d. Mucosa e. Mycelium
e. Mycelium
Molds and mushrooms are both composed of masses of fungal hyphae referred to as a fungal __________. a. Plasmodium b. Pseudoplasmodium c. Epithelium d. Mucosa e. Mycelium
e. Mycelium
All of the following are members of the Cnidaria EXCEPT which? a. Cubozoans (box jellies) b. Sea anemones c. Corals d. Hydrozoans (Hydra, Obelia) e. Placozoans
e. Placozoans
This group is represented by animals that produce choanocytes and spicules, and they lack HOX genes: a. Placozoans b. Jellyfish c. Echinoderms d. Urochordates e. Sponges
e. Sponges
Flatworms include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Planaria b. Schistosoma (causes schistosomiasis) c. Tapeworms d. Flukes e. Trichinella (causes trichinosis)
e. Trichinella (causes trichinosis)
There are only four types of animal tissues. Which of the following is NOT one of these types? a. Muscular b. Epithelial c. Nervous d. Connective e. Vascular
e. Vascular
Which of the following is produced or exhibited ONLY by members of the Ascomycota? a. chitin b. yeasts c. coenocytic hyphae d. Dolipore septa e. Woronin bodies
e. Woronin bodies
