Final Lecture Exam

Steroid hormones are lipids, derived from a. cholesterol b. glycerol c. amines d. polypeptides e. nucleic acids

a. cholesterol

Which are characteristics of type O blood? a: Has anti-A antibodies b: Has anti-B antibodies c: Has surface antigen O on its erythrocytes d: Has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes e: Has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes

a. has anti-A antibodies b. has anti-B bodies e. has neither surface antigen A or B on its erythrocytes

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland? a. Melatonin b. Insulin c. Melanin d. Cortisol e. Oxytocin

a. melatonin

The two hormones released from the posterior pituitary are: a. oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone b. thyrotropin-releasing hormone and corticotropin-releasing hormone c. prolactin and growth hormone d. prolactin and vasopressin e. follicle-stimulating hormone and leutenizing hormone.

a. oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

The first phase of hemostasis is: a. vascular spasm b. elimination of clots c. coagulation d. platelet plug formation.

a. vascular spasm

To compensate for significant blood loss, the autonomic nervous system triggers: a. vasoconstriction and an increase in heart rate b. vasoconstriction and a decrease in heart rate c. vasodilation and an increase in heart rate d. vasodilation and a decrease in heart rate.

a. vasoconstriction and an increase in heart rate

Excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults can cause: a. Graves disease b. acromegaly c. pituitary gigantism d. pituitary dwarfism e. Cushing syndrome.

b. acromegaly

Which type of leukocyte releases histamine? a. Eosinophil b. Basophil c. Lymphocyte d. Neutrophil e. Monocyte

b. basophil

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release into the bloodstream by the liver is: a. insulin b. glucagon c. glucocorticoid d. somatostatin e. epinephrine.

b. glucagon

In response to high blood glucose, the pancreas releases insulin to enable glucose to enter body cells. When the blood glucose level returns to normal, insulin release stops. This is an example of regulation by: a. endocrine dysplasia b. negative feedback c. positive feedback d. neural regulation e. somatic regulation.

b. negative feedback

The release of hormones from the adrenal medulla is stimulated by: a. adrenocorticotropic hormone b. the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system c. follicle-stimulating hormone d. growth hormone e. thyrotropic hormone.

b. the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

The hemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attach to a. only oxygen b. only carbon dioxide d. only nitrogen c. both oxygen and carbon dioxide d. oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen.

c. both oxygen and carbon dioxide

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of leukocytes and antibodies? a. Regulation b. Prevention c. Protection d. Transportation e. None of these terms is appropriate

c. protection

Most hormones are made of chains of amino acids and are therefore: a. steroids b. biogenic amines c. proteins d. catecholamines.

c. proteins

When the effects of one hormone reinforce the activity of another hormone on the same target cell, the interaction is said to be: a. agonistic b. antagonistic c. synergistic d. permissive.

c. synergistic

The part of the brain that functions as a "master control center" of the endocrine system is the: a. pineal gland b. cerebral cortex c. spinal cord d. hypothalamus e. adrenal cortex.

d. hypothalamus

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels? a. Pancreatic polypeptide b. Somatostatin c. Glucagon d Insulin e. Somatotropin

d. insulin

Which type of hormone requires a carrier protein in the blood? a. Autocrine hormone b. Water-soluble hormone c. Oligopeptide d. Lipid-soluble hormone

d. lipid-soluble hormone

Old erythrocytes are phagocytized in the: a. liver b. spleen c. lung d. liver and spleen e. spleen and lung.

d. liver and spleen

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones? a. Regulation b. Protection c. Prevention d. Transportation e. None of these terms is appropriate

d. transportat