Final Study

Another fairly commonly diagnosed mental disorder is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which statistics suggest will affect _______ on a lifetime basis. a) 10 percent of children and 9 percent of adults b) 12 percent of children and 10 percent of adults c) 14 percent of children and 10 percent of adults d) 11 percent of children and 8 percent of adults

11 percent of children and 8 percent of adults

The Seneca Falls Convention was held in Seneca Falls, New York in ______. It was the first women's rights convention which advertised itself as "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of women." a) 1948 b) 1870 c) 1920 d) 1848

1848

Geographically, the Arab region comprises the Middle East and parts of Northern Africa (MENA). People whose ancestry lies in that area or who speak primarily Arabic may consider themselves a) Muslims b) Christians c) Sunni d) Arabs

Arabs

Which woman was believed to have "heaved a brick through the rose-colored picture window of the American bungalow" by writing her book for the second wave of the women's movement? a) Gloria Steinem b) Sara Evans c) Margaret Sanger d) Betty Friedan

Betty Friedan

The first Asian immigrants to come to the United States in the mid-nineteenth century were ______. a) Japanese b) Korean c) Vietnamese d) Chinese

Chinese

_____ immigration came to an abrupt end with the Exclusion Act of 1882. This act was a result of anti-immigrant sentiment due to a depressed economy and loss of jobs. White workers blamed these migrants for taking their jobs. Because these men did not have the funds to return to their homeland, or to bring their families to the United States, they remained physically and culturally segregated in areas of large cities. a) Japanese b) Korean c) Vietnamese d) Chinese

Chinese

The ______ was characterized by boycotts, marches, sit-ins, and freedom rides as demonstrations by a subordinate group that would no longer willingly submit to domination. a) Civil War b) civil disobedience c) Emancipation Proclamation d) Civil Rights Movement

Civil Rights Movement

______ is a set of high-quality academic standards in mathematics and English language arts and literacy which outline what a student should know and be able to do at the end of each grade. a) The Coleman Report b) No Child Left Behind c) specialized learning d) Common Core

Common Core

The US Census from 2008 shows that 16.5 percent of respondents reported being of ____ descent; the largest group in the country a) Irish b) Polish c) Italian d) German

German

Myers (2007) states that the cultural assimilation of ______ is "almost complete, but with remnants of ethnicity." The presence of enclave neighborhoods, originally segregated slums dating from the nineteenth century continue to exist today. a) Irish Americans b) German Americans c) Scottish Americans d) Italian Americans

Italian Americans

Although _______ Americans have deep, long-reaching roots in the United States, their history here has not always been smooth. The California Alien Land Law of 1913 was aimed at them and other Asian immigrants, and it prohibited aliens from owning land. a) Koreans b) Vietnamese c) Chinese d) Japanese

Japanese

Whether they are legal or illegal immigrants, because they have high population numbers, ________ are often the target of stereotyping, racism, and discrimination as well as being singled out for documentation checks by police officers. Simply not having appropriate documentation then, becomes a crime in states like Arizona. a) Cuban Americans b) Puerto Ricans c) Guatemalan Americans d) Mexican Americans

Mexican Americans

________, especially those who are here illegally, are at the center of a national debate about immigration. Myers (2007) observes that no other minority group (except the Chinese) has immigrated to the United States in such an environment of illegality. a) Cuban Americans b) Puerto Ricans c) Guatemalan Americans d) Mexican Americans

Mexican Americans

A precedent for universal access to education in the United States was set with the 1972 U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia's decision in __________, brought on the behalf of seven school-age children with special needs who argued that the school board was denying their access to free public education. a) United States v. Lopez b) Brown v. Board of Education c) Abington School District v. Schempp d) Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia

Which group is the only non-immigrant ethnic group in the United States? a) Irish Americans b) Russian Americans c) African Americans d) Native Americans

Native Americans

The funding tie-in of _____ has led to the social phenomenon commonly called "teaching to the test". a) The Coleman Report b) Title XI c) bilingual education d) No Child Left Behind

No Child Left Behind

_________ requires states to test students in designated grades. The results of those tests determine eligibility to receive federal funding. School that do not meet the standards set, run the risk of having their funding cut. a) the Coleman Report b) Title XI c) tax code d) No Child Left Behind

No Child Left Behind

According to research, men and women in the _______ have the lowest rates of divorce while those in the _______ have the highest. a) West; Northeast b) Northeast; West c) South; East d) Northeast; South

Northeast; South

Of the three primary forms of collective behavior, _______ is a large group of people in close proximity. a) a mass b) a public c) a flash mob d) a crowd

a crowd

Research indicates that many perpetrators of intimate partner violence blame _____ for their abuse a) unemployment b) major depression c) society d) alcohol and drugs

alcohol and drugs

______ are focused on self-improvement and limited, specific changes to individual beliefs and behavior. a) redemptive movements b) reformative movements c) revolutionary movements d) alternative movements

alternative movements

What is the process called by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group? a) assimilation b) pluralism c) segregation d) amalgamation

amalgamation

The decrease in divorce rates can be attributed to two probable factors: an increase in the age at which people get married, and _____, both of which have been found to promote greater marital stability. a) a decrease in cohabitation before marriage b) a decrease in the unemployment rate c) an increase in life expectancy d) an increased level of education among those who marry

an increased level of education among those who marry

According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), the most common mental disorders in the United States are __________. a) anxiety disorders b) mood disorders c) personality disorders d) diabetes

anxiety disorders

Social scientists today maintain that subordinate groups a) have shared culture, ancestry, nationality, and even religion b) are disadvantaged in some way by the dominant group c) have dissimilar physical characteristics d) believe the same things

are disadvantaged in some way by the dominant group

Stereotypes a) are usually new and inventive social categories b) consist of actions against a group of people c) are mostly true, particularly at an individual level d) are recycled from subordinate groups that have assimilated into society

are recycled from subordinate groups that have assimilated into society

Analysts have determined that the nations and city-states ________ had several things in common, such as well-established standards for education with clear goals for all students, and teachers recruited from the top 5 to 10 percent of university graduates each year, which is not the case for most countries. a) at the lower end of the educational rankings b) on averaging the educational rankings c) in developing nations d) at the top of the educational rankings

at the top of the educational rankings

New issues of inequality have entered the national conversation in recent years with the issue of ________, which attempts to give equal opportunity to minority students through offering instruction in languages other than English. a) credentialism b) institutional embodiment c) teaching to the test d) bilingual education

bilingual education

The United States prides itself on being the land of the "free," a) and it is the most liberal when it comes to attitudes about sex, including sexual practices and sexual openness b) but it acts with total disapproval when it comes to attitudes about sex, including sexual practices and sexual openness c) in part, because it offers access to free sexual health education in all public schools d) but it is rather restrictive when it comes to its citizens general attitudes about sex compared to other industrialized nations

but it is rather restrictive when it comes to its citizens general attitudes about sex compared to other industrialized nations

According to the American Psychological Association, there is no scientific consensus why a person holds a heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual orientation. Research has been conducted to study the possible genetic, hormonal, developmental, social, and cultural influences on sexual orientation, a) but evidence indicates that the causes are mostly genetic and hormonal b) but evidence indicates that the causes are mostly developmental and social c) evidence suggests early interactions with the mother plays a significant role in one's sexual orientation d) but there has been no evidence that links sexual orientation to one factor

but there has been no evidence that links sexual orientation to one factor

What is considered "normal" in terms of sexual behavior is based on the mores and values of the society. Individuals are socialized to sexual attitudes a) by the Internet. b) by personal preference individually devised. c) through biological concerns. d) by their family, education system, peers, media, and religion.

by their family, education system, peers, media, and religion

People standing in line at the post office would represent which type of crowd? a) conventional b) expressive c) acting d) casual

casual

_______, as part of the public education system, are free to attend, and are accessible via lottery where there are more students seeking enrollment than there are spots available at the school a) Head start programs b) Private schools c) Trade schools d) Charter schools

charter schools

A _____ describes those living together before or in lieu of marriage, which is a growing option for many couples. a) nuclear family b) extended family c) blended family d) cohabiting family

cohabiting family

__________ is non-institutional activity in which several people voluntarily engage. a) Acting crowd b) Casual crowd c) Expressive crowd d) Collective behavior

collective behavior

_______ point to how doctors hold a disproportionate amount of power in the doctor/patient relationship, which provides them with extensive social and economic benefits. a) structural functionalists b) symbolic interactionists c) medical sociologists d) conflict theorists

conflict theorists

________ are those that are questioned or questionable by some medical professionals. a) detested illnesses b) congested illnesses c) demedicalized d) contested illnesses

contested illness

The reinforcement of socialized gender roles and stereotypes ________ once a child reaches school age. a) abates b) decreases c) stops d) continues

continues

Many people in the United States are fond of saying that this country has the best healthcare in the world, and while it is true that the United States has a higher quality of care available than many peripheral or semi-peripheral nations, it is not necessarily the "best in the world" when compared with ______ nations. a) peripheral b) semi-peripheral c) democratic d) core

core

While 8-year old Lebron might learn about multiplication tables in school, sociologists would emphasize that he will also learn __________. a) cultural expectations and norms such as taking turns on the swings at recess b) humanities such as history and language studies c) to use scientific inquiry to learn about the world around him d) about nutrition in his society

cultural expectations and norms such as taking turns on the swings at recess

Gender stratification through the division of labor is not exclusive to the United States, all societies classify work by gender. When a pattern appears in all societies, it is called a ________. a) cultural stereotype b) cultural decision c) class system d) cultural universal

cultural universal

Our _______, not our _______, dictates which illnesses are stigmatized and which are not, which are considered disabilities and which are not, and which are deemed contestable as opposed to definitive by medical professionals. a) biology; culture b) experience; culture c) biology; experience d) culture; biology

culture; biology

By marginalizing the rights of women through gender inequality, we a) protect them from otherwise dangerous pursuits b) encourage them in their better-suited domestic endeavors c) build a strong family foundation with a matriarch at home d) deny ourselves the opportunity to lift men, women, and children out of poverty

deny ourselves the opportunity to lift men, women, and children out of poverty

_______ states the problem in a clear, easily understood way. a) prognostic framing b) motivational framing c) frame tranformation d) diagnostic framing

diagnostic framing

Cultural capital has three forms; _______ refers to the form of knowledge that resides in each of us. a) objectified state b) institutionalized state c) material state d) embodied state

embodied state

Social movements have a life cycle, they __________. All social movements go through this cycle. a) grow from local levels, to national levels, to global levels b) emerge, grow, and in some cases, die out. c) redeem, reform, and revolutionize d) succeed, fail, then go mainstream

emerge, grow, and in some cases, die out

Intimate partner violence often starts as _______ and then escalates to other forms or combinations of abuse a) economic abuse b) physical abuse c) sexual abuse d) emotional abuse

emotional abuse

An example of __________ would be the establishment of internment camps for anyone with as little as one-eighth Japanese ancestry, forced to leave their homes for up to four years during WWII, despite the fact that there was never any evidence of collusion or espionage among the group. a) expulsion b) assimilation c) genocide d) pluralism

expulsion

The ______ may include grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins living in the same home. a) nuclear family b) cohabiting family c) blended family d) extended family

extended family

A __________ refers to the family into which a person is born. a) family of permanence b) family of procreation c) family of orientation d) lineage

family of orientation

Health in the United States is a complex and often contradictory issue. As one of the wealthiest nations, the United States _______ in health comparisons with the rest of the world, yet it does not provide equal care to all. a) lags behind b) averages the same c) is poor d) fares well

fares well

The women's movement is also referred to as a) women's politics b) gender neutrality movement c) sexism d) feminism

feminism

______ argue that when women face limited opportunities for education, their capacity to achieve equal rights, including financial independence, are limited. a) structural functional theorists b) symbolic interaction theorists c) conflict theorists d) feminist theorists

feminist theorists

_____ is a type of conflict theory that examines inequalities in gender-related issues. It uses the conflict approach to examine the maintenance of gender roles and inequalities. a) interactionist theory b) functionalist c) Marxist theory d) feminist theory

feminist theory

Some groups find it best to join together to maximize their impact. When social movements link their goals to the goals of other social movements and merge into a single group, a _______ occurs. a) prognostic framing b) diagnostic frame c) transformation d) frame alignment

frame alignment

The digital divide refers to ______. a) obtaining something needed by soliciting contributions, especially from an online community b) a form of electronic aggression c) all the ways we have become reliant on technology d) gap between those who have access to technology and those who do not have access to technology

gap between those who have access to technology and those who do not have access to technology

The term _______ is based on evidence that women and men are paid differently for similar work in the labor force, counting all full-time workers. a) gendered occupation analysis b) gender labor roles c) ability pay gap d) gender pay gap

gender pay gap

Even in levels as low as kindeergarten, schools subtly convey messages to girls indicating that they are less intelligent or less important than boys. For example, in a study of teacher responses to male and female students data indicated that teachers praised male students far more than female students. Teachers interrupted girls more often and gave boys more opportunities to expand on their ideas. This is an example of a) situationalism b) gender consideration c) pedagogical methodology d) gender socialization

gender socialization

Social organizations worldwide take stands on such general areas of concern as poverty, sex trafficking, and the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food are examples of a) national level social movement b) local level social movement c) state level social movement d) global level social movement

global level social movement

Research indicates that intimate partner violence a) has less to do with alcohol use than with drug abuse b) lowers inhibitions c) is not linked to unemployment among victims d) has significant long-term effects on individual victims and on society

has significant long-term effects on individual victims and on society

It is important to note that ethnic, minorities, including African Americans, Mexican Americans, and Native Americans, ______ than whites. a) have lower rates of diseases and causes of mortality b) have similar rates of diseases and causes of mortality c) have equal rates of diseases and causes of mortality d) have higher rates of diseases and causes of mortality

have higher rates of diseases and causes of mortality

_____ is a process that accepts and encourages casual sexual encounters, including one-night stands and other related activity, which focuses on physical pleasure without necessarily including emotional bonding or long-term commitment. a) courtship b) cohabitation c) bundling d) hooking up

hooking up

Devin grows up with incredibly strict parents who punish him severely for even minor infractions. When he grows up, he finds himself drawn to other authority figures and emulates the ways some of his heroes act toward others. According to psychologist Theodor Adorno, Devin may be prone to a) decreased prejudicism b) identify more with left-wing philosophies c) promote interconnectedness between classes and races d) increased prejudicism

increased prejudicism

Research indicates that most nonfatal intimate partner violence (IPV) occurs ____ a) at a neighbor's home b) at a friend's home c) in a public place d) inside of the home

inside of the home

Cultural capital has three forms; _____ refers to the way society measures social class a) embodied state b) objectified state c) material state d) institutionalized state

institutionalized state

Because people often experience multiple layers or disadvantage as they experience race, __________ suggests that we must also understand that prejudice can be layered prejudice, often encompassing more than just one prejudice or stereotype at a time. a) interaction theory b) intersection theory c) functionalist theory d) symbolic-interactionism

intersection theory

Which theory suggests we cannot separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and other attributes when we examine the advantages and disadvantages of race? a) interaction theory b) functionalist theory c) symbolic interactionism d) intersection theory

intersection theory

Which approach within feminist theory examines the overlapping identities a person has and how their tapestry of experiences affect their overall sense of identity? a) gender role theory b) standpoint theory c) matriarchy theory d) intersectional theory

intersectional theory

Social scientists today maintain that when it comes to "race", it a) is not biologically identifiable and racial categories have been arbitrarily assigned b) can be scientifically categorized by skin color c) is more important as a scientific category than class d) can be scientifically categorized by facial features and bone structure

is not biologically identifiable and racial categories have been arbitrarily assigned

Functionalists suggest that ________ are the hidden and unintended functions. a) manifest (or primary) functions b) extended (or tertiary) functions c) dominant (or primary) functions d) latent (or secondary) functions

latent (or secondary) functions

Women who are in arranged marriages, lack US citizenship, and/or are homeless or involved with the criminal justice system have the most to lose by reporting domestic violence and are ______. a) likely overcounted in victimization surveys b) likely accurately counted in victimization surveys c) unfairly characterized in victimization surveys d) likely the most undercounted in victimization surveys

likely the most undercounted in victimization surveys

When considering one's _____, most people in the United States look to ancestors on both their father's and mother's sides. a) residence b) differentiation c) unilateral descent d) lineage

lineage

A ______ would provide people a chance to be involved in a movement to help out the city or town where they live. a) global level social movement b) national level social movement c) state level social movement d) local level social movement

local level social movement

Functionalists suggest that _______, are the intended and visible functions of education, and latent (or secondary) functions, which are the hidden and unintended functions. a) latent (secondary) functions b) extended (or tertiary) functions c) hidden (or unintended) functions d) manifest (or primary functions)

manifest (or primary functions)

______ serves as a significant agent of gender socialization when in television and movies, women tend to have less significant roles and are often portrayed as wives or mothers. a) cross-cultural selection b) stereotypical socialization c) legislative bias d) mass media

mass media

In a _______ residence system, it is customary for the husband to live with, or near, his wife's blood relatives. a) patrilocal b) bilateral c) ambilineal d) matrilocal

matrilocal

The process by which aspects of life that were considered bad or deviant are redefined as sickness and needing medical attention to remedy is called: a) deviance b) medicalization c) demedicalization d) intersection theory

medicalization

________ (the process by which previously normal aspects of life are redefined as deviant and needing medical attention to remedy), has historically included many aspects of women's lives, including menstruation, pre-mentrual syndrome, pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause. a) deviation b) institutionalized sexism c) social epidemiology d) medicalization

medicalization

_______ describes the processes that increase the amount of specialization and differentiation of structure in societies resulting in the more from an undeveloped society to developed, technogically driven society. a) planned obsolescence b) fragmentation c) homogenization d) modernization

modernization

Being married to only one person at a time is referred to as __________, whereas being married to more than one person at a time is referred to as __________. a) bigamy; polyandry b) polygyny; polyandry c) polyandry; bigamy d) monogamy; polygamy

monogamy; polygamy

The second most common mental disorders in the United States are a) anxiety disorders b) personality disorders c) developmental disorders d) mood disorders

mood disorders

Women work __________ than men. a) more paid hours b) fewer unpaid hours c) about the same unpaid hours d) more unpaid hours

more unpaid hours

Successful social movements use three kinds of frames to further their goals: diagnostic, prognostic, and ______. a) extension b) amplification c) transformation d) motivational

motivational

_______ might span an entire country, perhaps led by a national organization a) global level social movements b) local level social movements c) state level social movements d) national level social movements

national level social movements

_________ encompasses all interactive forms of information exchange. These include social networking sites, blogs, podcasts, wikis, and virtual worlds. a) the Internet b) iCloud c) net neutrality d) new media

new media

In a __________ residence system it is customary for the wife to live with, or near, her husband's blood relatives. a) patrilocal b) matrilocal c) bilateral d) ambilineal

patrilocal

In the DSM-5, _____ represent "an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the culture of the individual who exhibits it." In other words, _____ cause people to behave in ways that are seen as abnormal to society but seem normal to them. a) mood disorders b) anxiety disorders c) developmental disorders d) personality disorders

personality disorders

__________ refers to the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group, while __________ refers to actions against a group of people. a) Colorism; white privilege b) Racial steering; colorism c) White privilege; stereotypes d) Prejudice; discrimination

prejudice; discrimination

Many people cannot afford ______ but their income level is not low enough to meet eligibility standards for government supported insurance. a) public health insurance b) direct health insurance c) health savings account d) private health insurance

private health insurance

________ offers a solution and states how it will be implemented a) diagnostic framing b) motivational framing c) frame transformation d) prognostic framing

prognostic framing

US healthcare coverage can broadly be divided into two main categories: a) medicaid (government funded) and Veterans Health Administration (government funded) b) medicare (government funded) and General Population Insurance (government funded) c) Veterans Health Administration (government funded) and private health care (privately funded) d) public health care (government funded) and private health care (privately funded)

public health care (government funded) and private health care (privately funded)

Women in the United States have been relatively late, historically speaking, to be granted entry to the a) industrialized system b) institutionalized system c) social system d) public university system

public university system

Conflict theorists believe that the public education system a) reduces social inequality through educational achievement b) treats students the same no matter their class, gender, race, or ethnicity c) encourages conflicts between teachers and students d) reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities

reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities

In the top-ranking countries, limited access to resources did not necessarily predict low performance, compared to the United States. Analysts also noted what they described as _______, those students who achieve at a higher level than one might expect given their social background. a) top-flight students b) marginal students c) exemplary students d) resilient students

resilient students

_________ is a way to explain movement success in terms of the ability to acquire resources and mobilize individuals. a) framing theory b) prognostic framing theory c) new social movement perspective d) resource mobilization theory

resource mobilization theory

Which of these terms refers to the physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions? a) genocide b) assimilation c) pluralism d) segregation

segregation

Since the term _____ refers to biological or physical distinctions, these characteristics will not vary significantly between different human societies. a) gender b) deviance c) sexual orientation d) sex

sex

According to the _______ theory, there are two rights of a sick person and two obligations. The sick person's rights are: being exempt from normal social roles, and not being responsible for their condition. Conversely, the sick person's obligations include trying to get well and cooperating with the medical professionals. a) stigmatization of illness b) accessorization of illness c) medicalization of illness d) sick role

sick role

Mimicking the actions of _______ is the first step in the development of a separate sense of self, and children become agents who actively facilitate and apply normative gender expectations to those around them. a) stereotypes b) cross-cultural examples c) mass media d) significant others

significant others

__________ highlight the role of power in family life and contends that the family is often not a haven but rather an arena where power struggles can occur. This exercise of power often entails the performance of family status roles such as the enforcement of rules from parent to child. a) Social conflict theorists b) Structural functionalist theorists c) Symbolic interactionist theorists d) Instrumental and expressive theorists

social conflict theorists

______ is the study of the causes and distribution of diseases. a) medicalization b) morbidity c) obesity d) social epidemiology

social epidemiology

The Black Lives Matter movement grew into a national network of chapters and joined forces with other, more organized groups, creating a _________ of more than 150 organizations across the United States that represent the interests of black communities. a) social movement organizations b) bureaucratic institution c) coalescing institution d) social movement sector

social movement sector

_________ are purposeful, organized groups that strive to work toward a common social goal. a) collective action b) casual crowd c) conventional crowds d) social movements

social movements

A great deal of marital problems can be related to stress, especially a) stress about aging b) stress about homework c) stress about caretaking for elderly relatives d) stress about money

stress about money

_______ theory views the family as the most integral component of society, so assumptions about gender roles within marriage assume a prominent place in this perspective. a) social conflict theory b) feminist theory c) symbolic interactionist d) structural functional

structural functional

_______ hold the belief that families are an important social institution and that they play a key role in stabilizing a society a) social conflict theorists b) symbolic interactionist theorists c) instrumental and expressive theorists d) structural functionalist theorists

structural functionalist theorists

The term ______ can be used interchangeably with the term minority, while the term _______ is often substituted for the group that's in the majority. a) majority group; minority group b) ethnic group; racial group c) prejudiced, racist d) subordinate group; dominant group

subordinate group; dominant group

__________ stress that family is not an objective, concrete reality. Like other social phenomena, it is a social construct that is subject to the ebb and flow of social norms and ever-changing meanings. a) Social conflict theorists b) Structural functionalist theorists c) Symbolic interactionist theorists d) Instrumental and expressive theorists

symbolic interactionist theorists

_________ is a driving force behind globalization, while the other forces of social change (social institutions, population, environment) play comparatively minor roles. a) biology b) sociology c) dependency theory d) technology

technology

Research has demonstrated that "one of the strongest and most consistent predictors of a person's morbidity and mortality experience is ______. a) race and ethnicity b) gender c) education d) that person's socioeconomic status (SES)

that person's socioeconomic status (SES)

_______ was responsible for both busing programs to schools outside their neighborhoods and academic preschools geared toward remediation of deficits associated with low socioeconomic status. a) Title XI b) No Child Left Behind c) tracking d) the Coleman Report

the Coleman Report

_______ defines a family as "a group of two people or more, one of whom is the householder, who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption and are residing together." a) President Ronald Reagan b) Powell, 2010 c) Pew Research Center d) the US Census Bureau

the US Census Bureau

Functionalists recognize that one of the most important educational values children learn in their society is that of individualism or collectivism. In _______, children learn to value the individual over the value of groups or society as a whole, which is individualism. a) Japan and China b) Mexico and England c) Germany and Russia d) The United States

the United States

The term formal education is defined by the text as: a) Learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society. b) The education one receives at a private school, parochial school, or private college. c) An education that is accompanied by a tutor at all times. d) The learning of academic facts and concepts.

the learning of academic facts and concepts

The major factors that affect education systems are __________ that are utilized to support those systems in different nations. a) school houses and desks b) the books c) the resources and money d) government agencies

the resources and money

A person's sex, as determined by their biology, does not always correspond with their gender. Therefore, a) it does not matter if the term sex or gender is used in social science b) it is not understood what the differences between sex and gender are in social science c) it is common practice in the social sciences to assume sex and gender are the same d) the terms sex and gender are not interchangeable

the terms sex and gender are not interchangeable

Women's pay decreases on average relative to men once ________, and men's pay increases. a) hourly employees become salaried b) the domestic chores become equalized within the relationship c) they lose special work licenses d) there are children in the family

there are children in the family

Conflict theorists point to _______, a formalized sorting system that places students on advanced versus low achiever groups that perpetuate inequalities. a) manifesting b) institutionalizing c) testing d) tracking

tracking

Research also describes the infant mortality rate in the United States. This is the number of deaths of children under one year of age in a given time or place. The rate for blacks was nearly ________ that of whites. a) three times b) two and a half times c) four times d) twice

twice

Research has established that marriages enter their most stressful phase a) when a spouse loses a job b) as the couple ages c) as the couple becomes caregivers for elderly relatives d) upon the birth of the first child

upon the birth of the first child

________ is a perspective within the functionalist tradition based on the idea that several conditions must be in place for collective behavior to occur. Each condition adds to the likelihood that collective behavior will occur. a) Emergent-norm theory b) Value-added theory c) Assembling perspectives d) Structural conduciveness

value-added theory

US slavery continued for 150 years. Black Africans were kidnapped from their own lands and shipped to the New World on the trans-Atlantic journey called the Middle Passage. Slave codes declared that the child of a slave was a slave ______. a) until the slave owners in the US voluntarily began to free their slaves b) until the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination based on race, religion, sex, or national origin c) until they were adults d) which created the slave class in the US

which created the slave class in the US

White ethnic Europeans formed the second and third great waves of immigration from the early nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century. They joined the newly formed United States which was made up primarily of a) white Catholics from Ireland b) white Muslims from the Middle East c) Catholics looking to avoid persecution d) white Protestants from England

white Protestants from England

A societal privilege that benefits people who are white in a way that goes beyond what is commonly experienced by non-white individuals under the same societal, political, or economic circumstances is known as _______. a) the belief that one skin tone is superior to another skin tone within a racial group b) the act of real estate agents steering potential homeowners to certain neighborhoods based on their race c) a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that are used to justify the belief that one racial category is either superior or inferior to another d) white privilege

white privilege

Divorce is much less prevalent among those a) who are more financially stable b) who marry younger in life c) with twins d) with a college education

with a college education