First Aid/ CPR ch 1-7

If the respiratory system fails, which other body systems will eventually fail?

All body system

Which of the following would be an easy way to tell if an injured or ill person is awake and showing signs of life?

Ask the person if they are OK.

You have been giving back blows and abdominal thrusts to an adult who is choking, but your efforts have been ineffective and the person becomes unresponsive. Which action would you do first?

Begin CPR with chest compressions.

When performing CPR on a child, you would compress the chest at a rate:

Between 100 and 120 compressions per minute.

When caring for a person who is experiencing chest pain, which of the following would you do first?

Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number while comforting the person and being prepared to give CPR.

What is the worst thing you can do in an emergency?

Do nothing

Skin, hair and nails are parts of which body system?

Integumentary system

Which of the following would you do first when interviewing an injured or ill person?

Introduce yourself and gain the person's consent.

Checking the scene by performing a scene size-up lets you do all of the following except:

Keep bystanders from interfering.

The head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver is used to:

Open an airway.

The cycle of compressions to breaths in CPR for a child is:

30 compressions for every 2 breaths.

The cycle of compressions to breaths in CPR for an adult is:

30 compressions for every 2 breaths.

Which is the best way to care for a child with croup?

Allow the child to remain in the most comfortable position for breathing.

Which of the following represents a life-threatening condition?

An unresponsive person who is gasping

Chest pain or pressure that comes and goes at different times is sometimes called:

Angina pectoris.

Any part toward the front of the body would be described as:

Anterior

You are alone at an emergency scene and determine that you need to move the person. You plan to use the walking-assist move. While performing this move, you would use one hand to hold the person's arm around your shoulder and place your other hand at which location?

Around the person's waist

How can bystanders be helpful to you while you are checking the scene?

Calling 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number, or retrieving first aid supplies

True or false: The most important thing you can do in an emergency is give first aid or CPR.

False

True or false: You must have help to move an injured or ill person.

False

You come upon a serious crash. There is quite a lot of blood on and around the injured person. Which of the following could clearly be a fear or concern that might cause you to hesitate to respond in this situation?

Fear of disease transmission

Which of the following would be ileast /ilikely to be considered a fear or concern that would prevent a person from acting in an emergency?

Feeling confident in first aid training and ability

When acting as a trained lay responder, Good Samaritan laws would be ileast/i likely to protect you if you:

Gave care based on implied consent to a person who was awake and alert.

You are checking a child for non-life-threatening conditions. Which action would be most appropriate for you to do?

Get at eye level with the child.

The top priority of a trained lay responder is to:

Get professional help to the injured or ill person as soon as possible.

After properly placing your hands to give abdominal thrusts to an awake adult who is choking, which action would you do next?

Give 5 quick upward thrusts into the abdomen.

You are preparing to give care in an emergency situation to an awake and alert person who has significant bleeding from a wound. Disposable latex-free gloves are not available. Which action would be the imost /iappropriate?

Have the person apply pressure with their own hand to the wound.

You think that a person might be having a heart attack. Which action would be appropriate to take?

Have the person stop what they are doing and rest comfortably.

You must obtain the consent of an injured or ill person before you give care by:

Identifying yourself and your level of training, and asking if you may help.

An adult is awake and breathing normally. Your head-to-toe check reveals only a small bruise on the forehead. As you continue talking to the person, you notice that they are becoming increasingly confused and disoriented. Which action should you do?

Immediately call emergency medical services (EMS) personnel, as this person might be developing a life-threatening condition.

CPR compressions on an infant are performed using the:

Pads of two fingers.

When moving a person, which of the following would be imost/i important?

Lift with your legs, not your back.

Why is it most important NOT to move a person from the scene unless there is immediate danger?

Moving a person can lead to further injury and pain.

You pass by the scene of a car crash and notice that there appears to be another trained lay responder at the scene. As a bystander, not a first responder, what action could you take?

Offer to call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number or to direct emergency medical services (EMS) personnel to the scene.

After giving care to an injured person, you prepare to remove your disposable latex-free gloves. Which action would you do first?

Pinch the palm side of one glove near the wrist.

For CPR to be most effective, you should position the person:

On their back on a firm, flat surface.

You find a child who shows no signs of life. Unfortunately, you are alone and do not have a mobile phone. What should you do?

Perform 2 minutes of CPR, then call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number.

Reasons why people hesitate or do not act after recognizing an emergency include all of the following except:

Reluctance to care for a family member

You are preparing to use an AED on a person in cardiac arrest, and you notice that the person has a medication patch on their chest. Which action would be imost/i appropriate?

Remove the patch with a gloved hand.

Which two body systems function together to provide oxygen for the cells of the body?

Respiratory and circulatory

Which two body systems work to supply oxygen to the musculoskeletal system as you exercise?

Respiratory and circulatory

To check to see if an injured or ill adult is unresponsive, you would:

Shout to get the person's attention, using the person's name if you know it. If there is no response, tap the person's shoulder and shout again while checking for normal breathing.

Unlike adults, children do not often initially suffer from cardiac emergencies. Instead, children:

Suffer a respiratory emergency that develops into a cardiac emergency.

Which one of the following is not a limitation to moving one or more persons quickly and safely?

The gender of the person(s)

Cardiac arrest is the condition in which:

The heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to circulate blood.

A person who is unresponsive and lying on their back could stop breathing if which occurs?

Tongue falls to the back of their throat

Circulatory structures that return blood to the heart are called:

Veins

Cardiac arrest is life-threatening because:

Vital organs are not receiving oxygen-rich blood.

You are caring for a person involved in a crash when that person suddenly becomes uncooperative and threatens to hurt you. What should you do?

Withdraw and wait for EMS personnel to arrive.

Which of the following is the most important reason for checking the scene before approaching to help an injured or ill person?

You might become injured or ill yourself if the scene is unsafe.

If alone, you would give care first for which situation?

A person with severe, life-threatening bleeding

You are performing CPR on an adult when you notice that the person shows an obvious sign of life. Which action would you do next?

Check to see if the person is breathing normally.

When handling an emergency involving an adult, you perform the three emergency action steps correctly by doing which of the following?

Checking the scene and the person, calling 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number, then caring for the person

Which two emergency moves would be most appropriate to use for a person suspected of having a head, neck or spinal injury?

Clothes drag and blanket drag

True or false: The emergency medical responder's role in the emergency medical services (EMS) system is the same as the role of the trained lay responder.

False

The trained lay responder's first step in an emergency is to:

Recognize that an emergency exists.

When beginning a head-to-toe check of an adult who is awake, which of the following would you do first?

Tell the person what you are going to do.

When communicating with the emergency medical dispatcher (EMD), which of the following would be the most important to provide?

The exact address or location of the injured person(s)

Why is it important to ask a bystander simple questions about what happened and the person's condition?

The injured or ill person may be unable to describe these things.

Which body system regulates all of the other body systems through a network of nerves?

The nervous system

You must call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number immediately when which one of the following conditions exists?

The person has trouble breathing.

Where would you place the AED pads on an adult?

The upper right chest and the left side of the chest

In general, Good Samaritan laws protect:

Trained lay responders who willingly give first aid without accepting anything in return.

True or false: Injuries to the musculoskeletal system may result in life-threatening damage to the circulatory and respiratory systems.

True

True or false: Unprotected direct or indirect contact with infected blood can lead to disease transmission.

True

When performing CPR on an adult, you would use:

Two hands on the center of the chest on the lower half of the sternum.

You are alone in an emergency situation involving an adult. Which of the following would make it necessary to call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number first, before giving care?

Unresponsiveness

Interruptions of chest compressions during CPR to give 2 breaths should be limited to less than:

10 seconds.

When giving chest compressions to an unresponsive child who was choking, you would compress the chest at a rate of how many compressions per minute?

100—120

You are washing your hands after giving care to a person. You would rub your hands vigorously with the soap for at least how long?

20 seconds

A child appears to be unresponsive. During your check of the child, what should you do?

Check for responsiveness and breathing simultaneously for at least 5 but no more than 10 seconds.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR):

Circulates blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs.

Performing CPR on an infant is similar to performing CPR on an adult except that for an infant, you would:

Compress the infant's chest about 1-1/2 inches.

Which of the following would be imost/i important to remember when giving care for a person until EMS personnel arrive?

Do no further harm.

The first person to arrive on the scene who is trained to give a higher level of care is usually the:

Emergency medical responder (EMR).

You are giving care to an ill person who tells you that they have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which condition would you imost /ilikely identify as a type of COPD?

Emphysema

Which of the following would be most appropriate for a person who can move all body parts without pain or discomfort and has no other signs or symptoms of injury or illness?

Encourage the person to rest in a comfortable position.

The classic symptom of a heart attack is:

Persistent chest pain, discomfort or pressure.

A male adult has been involved in a significant fall from a ladder. After checking the scene, you determine that there is no immediate danger. Which statement would be the most/appropriate to say to the person?

Please remain still so I can assess your condition.

If, during the second analysis, the AED prompts no shock advised, you should:

Resume CPR until the AED reanalyzes or you find an obvious sign of life.

To minimize the risk of disease transmission, you should:

Replace gloves that become ripped or torn.

A condition in which breathing has stopped is called:

Respiratory arrest.

The process of breathing occurs through which body system?

Respiratory system

The Check step of the emergency action steps CHECK—CALL—CARE is a check for safety and a check for:

Responsiveness

Early CPR and early defibrillation can:

Save the lives of more people in cardiac arrest.

Which of the following would be ileast/i likely to promote transmission of bloodborne pathogens?

Shaking hands with an infected person

True or false: You should consider a person who is unresponsive to have an immediately life-threatening condition.

True

Which of the following would you expect to observe in an infant who is in cardiac arrest?

Unresponsiveness and no normal breathing

You work in a laboratory facility. Someone is conducting experiments in the next lab. You hear a noise that sounds like pop, followed by the crash of glass. As you approach the lab door, you notice a foul smell coming from under the door. You shout through the closed door but get no answer. You call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number. What should you do next?

Wait for emergency medical services (EMS) personnel to arrive. Do not enter the room because the fumes might be harmful to you.

You come upon the scene of a crash and you see one person obviously injured with a cut on the forehead. What precautions against disease transmission would you take when caring for the injured person?

Wear disposable latex-free gloves to avoid contact with blood or OPIM.

Before the AED analyzes the heart rhythm, you should:

Ensure that no one, including you, is touching the person.

You determine that you need to move an unresponsive person and are alone at the scene. Which move would be ileast/i appropriate to use?

Walking assist

You suspect that a person is experiencing an asthma attack based on which of the following?

Wheezing

When performing chest compressions on an adult, you would compress the chest to which depth?

At least 2 inches

Once you have recognized that an emergency exists and you decide to act, which action would be imost/i important for you to perform as a trained lay responder?

Calling 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number

Which of the following would you do when checking a person who appears to be unresponsive

Check for responsiveness and breathing simultaneously.

What should you do if an unresponsive person vomits?

Place the person in a recovery position.

If the AED pads risk touching each other, such as with a small child or an infant, you should:

Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back.

You are checking an unresponsive adult and find that they are not breathing normally. Which of the following would you do next?

Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately.

You are walking down the street when a young boy collapses in front of you. You come to his aid and discover that he is unresponsive and not breathing. After having a bystander call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number, you begin CPR. After about three minutes, the child begins to breathe normally. What should you do?

Stop CPR, keep the airway open and continue to monitor the child.