Food and Nutrition Final

T or F Cholesterol is found in all animal products/ foods

True

T or F Consumption of saturated fats increase blood cholesterol

True

T or F The amount of fat consumed is more important that dietary cholesterol in raising blood cholesterol

True

_____ are complex organic substances needed in small amounts for normal growth, maintenance and reproduction

Vitamins

Lubricating the joints and body cells and regulating body temperature are functions of _____, a major nutrient.

Water

Vitamins C and B complex are _____________.

Water soluble vitamins

Proteins are made up of

amino acids

six basic nutrients

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water

Recommended to have ____% of saturated fats

10%

How many calories are in a gram of fat?

9 calories

People with diabetes need to watch out for

All Carbohydrates

The major function of Vitamin D is to promote growth and proper mineralization of ________ and teeth

Bones

The energy in your body obtains from foods is measured in _____

Calories

The nutrient that serves as the body's chief source of energy is

Carbohydrates

A fatlike substance that is found in every cell in the body and occurs in foods of animal origin is ______

Cholesterol

_______ fruits, strawberries, and cantaloupe are good fruit sources of vitamin C

Citrus

Vitamin K helps the liver make a substance called prothrombin, which is a protein blood needs to ______

Clot

Complete Proteins

Contain all essential amino acids

In the teeth fluorine is needed for maximum resistance to_______

Decay

Vitamin E Functions as a _______________, reducing the amount of oxygen available to react with substances that could be harmed by oxygen.

Dietary Antioxidant

T or F Foods sweetened with honey or fruit juice are more nutritious than foods sweetened with Ordinary table sugar

F

T or F All vegetable oils are low in saturated fat and can be considered heart-healthy

False

What vitamin is stored in the body

Fat soluble

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are

Fat soluble vitamins

The most energy rich nutrients are ___ they provide more calories than carbohydrates

Fats

_____ belong to a larger group of compounds called lipids, which include both fats and oils

Fats

What is a form of complex carbohydrates from plants that provide bulk in the diet

Fiber

Good Cholesterol

HDL (high density lipoprotein)

What does Iron help

Helps red blood cells

To make margarine stay solid at room temperature it must go through the process of ________ which is adding hydrogen to oil

Hydrogenation

When liquid oils are turned into solid fats through a process called ________________, oddly shaped ______ ________ _______ may be created.

Hydrogenation Trans fatty acids

Minerals are

Inorganic

Bad cholesterol

LDL (low density lipoprotein)

Six important meat sources

Lean meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy, beans

Although healthy, well nourished people receive enough __________, deficiencies can occur in alcoholics and people suffering from malfunctioning kidneys, severe diarrhea, or malnutrition

Magnesium

Minerals need to grow in amounts less than 100 milligrams per day are called microminerals or __________

Micro elements

______________ are inorganic substances that make up four percent of your body weight

Minerals

Poly-unsaturated Fats

Missing two or more hydrogen atoms

Simple Carbohydrates are

Sugars

Florine helps

Teeth enamel

Breads, cereals, pasta products, and rice are sources of ____, Which is the most abundant carbohydrate in the diet.

Starch

Complex carbohydrates are

Starches

If it ends in ose its

Sugar

It is recommended to have ___% of total cal of fats

30%

Complex carbohydrates and Simple Carbohydrates have how many calories per gram

4 calories per gram

Missing one hydrogen atom

Mono-saturated Fats

Is the role of vitamins understood

No

Vitamins are

Organic

Sodium, Chloride and potassium work together to control _____, the process whereby fluids flow in and out of cells throughout the body

Osmosis

If the body draws needed calcium from the bones, bones can become porous and brittle, a condition known as

Osteoporosis

______________ works with calcium to give strength to bones and teeth

Phosphorus

Unsaturated fats come from_____________

Plants

Fiber (cellulose)

Polysacchride

Incomplete proteins

Proteins that lack one or more of the essential amino acids

Minerals are used to

Regulate body process

Excess consumption of ________ raise blood cholesterol levels in most people

Saturated

Fatty acids that have as many hydrogen atoms as they can hold are called _____ fatty acids

Saturated

Sugars, syrups, soft drinks, jams, jellies, and candies and other sweets are all sources of _____ carbohydrates.

Simple

What vitamins are not stored in the body

water soluble vitamins