Foundations of Communications Test 2

Epistemological; social contructionist

A CEO and company VP are talking about whether one of their personal should be promoted to an executive administrator position. The VP points out that the individual has done some things in the past that brings his character into question. The CEO counters that she knows the facts about that situation and it wasn't as bad as people might think. The VP responds, "so call facts aren't really the issue because when it comes to knowledge, perception is everything". The VP is making an ______ claim from a ___________ perspective.

Predictability versus novelty

A couple that has been together for ten years should not only appreciate the orderliness and certainty that comes from knowing someone for so long, they should also make sure to incorporate new activities to provide change and newness. By balancing these two needs, a couple can successfully navigate which dialectic?

a model or framework for observation and understanding

A paradigm is-

reality; intersubjective agreement

A social constructionist would say that we come to know _______ through ______.

Norm of reciprocity

According to the ______, we should feel a sense of duty to help individuals who have helped us in the past.

Self-disclosure varies among relationships

Acquaintances with casual friends at work or school could be characterized be breadth of disclosure but very little depth; however, close friendships involve a higher degree of both breadth and depth. Which statement best explains why this is?

Mass

Because it's audience is so large, which type of communication works well for distributing news, commentary, and entertainment?

Self-esteem

Because of an abusive childhood, Luis has low _____. He is pessimistic about his abilities to work and school and wishes he were a better person. Luis rarely initiates relationships hard time believing a partner's expression of love and affection.

Task

Cameron really likes his new roommate, Tom. Tom is clean, always picks up after himself, and pitches in when it is time to cook dinner. Cameron also appreciates that Tom is a great karaoke partner when they go to the karaoke bar on Tuesday nights. Cameron is experiencing which type of attraction to Tom?

Psuedolistening

Derrick thinks his grandfather is very boring when he tells stories about being in the Vietnam War. Derrick doesn't want to be rude, so he nods his head and says "uh huh" and "wow" a lot. His grandfather is hurt by Derrick's ____ , as he can tell Derrick is not truly listening.

Experimenting

During the _____ stage of relationship development, you might ask such questions as "What movies do you like?" and "How many brothers and sisters do you have?" to gain more information about a potential partner.

Persuasion

Every time we watch a television commercial, read a pop-up ad on the internet or listen to a political speech, someone is trying to influence what we believe or how we will behave through what method?

Emotional

Examples of _____ rewards include empathy, support, and happiness.

Stories

Family _____ often contain information that family considers private and not appropriate for sharing with outsiders.

physiological

Fatigue and hunger are examples of ____ noise.

Stereotype

Identify the concept best represented by the following thought process: (1) He is a man. (2) Men don't know how to express their feelings. (3) Therefore, he must not know how to express his emotions.

epistemological; positivist

If Yuko says there is a clear distinction between knowledge which refers to that which is proven scientifically and opinion which is not a recognized fact, she is addressing a ______ question from the stance of a ________ worldview.

Monochronic

If you expect class to begin promptly on time, you are most likely from which type of culture?

Locus

If your professor is late for class and you assign an external attribution ("she must have hit heavy traffic on the way to campus", you think) what are you examining in order to understand the behavior?

Hate speech

In 2010, high school student Phoebe Prince hanged herself after weeks of bullying during which classmates allegedly called her "Irish hoe" and used Facebook posts to encourage Phoebe to kill herself. Phoebe is a tragic example of a person victimized by what kind of language?

Everyone is a communication expert

In a nationwide survey of U.S. American adults conducted by the National Communication Association, 91% of respondents rated their communication skills as above average. This finding illustrates what myth?

Autonomy versus connection

James was always close to his mother, but as he enters adolescence, he wants to spend less and less time with her. He finds to be overbearing and overprotective. However, at times he finds himself craving the security of the relationship he used to have with his mother and wants to connect again emotionally with her. James is experiencing what dialect?

Ambiguous

Kelly asks her mother for "some" money before she goes on a trip with friends. Kelly is disappointed her mother gives her twenty dollars, as by "some" money she was expecting five times as much. Kelly's language lacked clarity and was therefore-

Uncertainty reduction

Liking your brother's best friend the more you get to know him is a reflection of the _______ theory.

Source

Miles sends an instant message to his brother. According to the action model of communication, which term best describes miles' role?

Listening

Most people spend more time _____ than they do speaking, writing, or engaging in other communication behaviors.

Informational

Much of the listening you do in class is _____ listening.

Nonverbal

Much of what we learn about what someone is thinking or how they are feeling comes not through listening to their words bet through observing their body language and other behaviors. Body language is an example of what kind of communication?

Nonverbal communication is usually believed over verbal communication.

Patricia is in the car with her niece Cara and notices she is quiet and not participating in the conversation. Patricia asks Cara what's wrong, and Cara says while rolling her eyes, "nothing, everything is perfectly fine." Despite what Cara says, Patricia is sure something is wrong and decides to speak with her privately when they get to their destination. What principle of nonverbal communication is at play?

Nonverbal channels

Rita's boyfriend can be moody after a particularly bad day at work. Before trying to speak to him, Rita has learned to observe him for a few moments, paying attention to his tone of voice, facial expressions and willingness to kiss her hello. Rita is using multiple ___ to help her determine her boyfriend's mood.

competence

Someone with communication _____ is able to communicate in ways that are effective and appropriate in a given situation.

Under-benefited

Stavros and Craig have been friends and roommates for many years. Lately, Stavros has been feeling dissatisfied in the relationship. He notices that Craig discusses his personal problems, be he never seems to have time to listen to Stavro's problems. Craig has a tendency not to clean up after himself, and he's quick to borrow "a few bucks", but never seems to repay the money. According to equity theory, Stavro's is feeling dissatisfied in the relationship because he is-

Denotative

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines the word persuasion as "an opinion held with complete assurance". This is the _____ meaning of the word.

Rule-governed

The only reason English speakers use the word dog when it doesn't actually look or sound like one is because they have agreed to give the word dog that particular meaning, thus showing the _____ nature of language.

Adapt

To ____ means to change your behavior to accommodate what others are doing.

Interpretation

Wendy decides the new guy at work, Dale, must be romantically interested in her because Dale brings her coffee every morning. By assigning meaning to Dale's behavior, Wendy is in which stage of perception?

Metacommunication

What do we call it when we communicate about how we communicate?

Dialectal tensions

What is a term for common conflicts in a relationships between two important, but opposing needs or desires?

Listen for substance more than style

What is one way to become a better informational listener?

Self-serving bias

What term refers to our tendency to attribute our successes to stable, internal causes while attributing failures to unstable, external causes?

Primacy/ Recency

When giving a speech, you must offer strong opening and closing statements because of what influence perception?

Norms

Which of the following describes the rules of expectations that guide people's behavior within a culture?

Listening

Which of the following refers to the active process of making meaning out of another person's spoken message?

Ethnocentrism

Which of the following terms refers to the tendency to judge other cultures' practices as inferior to one's own?

Individualistic

Which term best describes cultures that emphasize the importance of knowing oneself, being self-sufficient, and being true to what one wants in life?

Interdependence

Which term describes the dynamic, common in families and close relationships, in which one person's actions influence the lives others?

Maculine

Which type of culture values sex-specific roles for men and women, preferring that men hold the wage-earning and decision making positions while women occupy the nurturing positions, such as mother and homemaker?

Social Constructionism

Which worldview recognizes multiple realities?

Selective attention

_____ means listening only to what you want to hear and ignoring the rest.

Social penetration

_______ theory is a good illustration of how self-disclosure over time is like peeling away the layers of an onion: each self-disclosure helps us to learn more about the person.