Fundamentals Exam 1

A nurse is caring for a client who states that his provider told him he is at risk for anaphylaxis following administration of amoxicillin (Amoxil) and that he does not understand what this means. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"Anaphylaxis is a severe hypersensitivity or allergic reaction that is life-threatening."

A nurse is reviewing a client's prescriptions. The nurse should contact the provider to clarify which of the following prescriptions?

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 325 mg by mouth PRN for headache

A nurse is transcribing medication prescriptions for a group of clients. Which of the following is the appropriate way for the nurse to record medications that require the use of a decimal point?

0.6 mL

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has a prescription for doxycycline (Vibramycin) 100 mg PO daily at 0800. Which of the following times are appropriate for the nurse to administer the medication? (Select all that apply.)

0700 is incorrect. 0700 is too early to administer the medication. 0745 is correct. The nurse should follow facility policy when selecting the time to administer medication to the client. Typically, facility policy permits the nurse to administer the medication within 30 min of the scheduled time for administration. 0745 is within 30 min of the administration time. 0830 is correct. 0830 is within 30 min of the administration time. 0845 is incorrect. 0845 is too late to administer the medication. 0900 is incorrect. 0900 is too late to administer the medication.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for meperidine (Demerol) 50 mg PO every 3 hr PRN for moderate pain, and meperidine 75 mg PO every 3 hr PRN for severe pain. At 1200, the client reports back pain rated as 8 on a pain scale of 0 to 10. The client received 75 mg PO at 0700 and 50 mg PO at 1000. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Administer meperidine 75 mg PO now.

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication subcutaneously. Which of the following should the nurse use?

5/8-inch, 25 gauge needle

A nurse on a medical surgical unit is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a prescription for metformin (Glucophage) 500 mg PO every 12 hr. The client is scheduled for a chest X-ray in the morning. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?

Administer the medication as prescribed.

A nurse manager is reviewing a client's medical record and discovers that the client received a double dose of a prescribed medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse manager take first?

Assess the client for adverse effects.

A nurse working in a medical surgical unit is preparing to administer medications to a client. The nurse plans to use two forms of identification to verify that she has the right client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to identify the client? (Select all that apply.)

Compare the name on the client's wristband with the name on the MAR is correct. This is an acceptable method of identification. Ask the client to state his date of birth is correct. This is an acceptable method of identification. Check the room number on the MAR with the room number of the client is incorrect. This is not an acceptable method. The client could have moved to a different room since the MAR was printed. Ask the client to state his name is correct. This is an acceptable method of identification. Use the bar code scan to identify the client is correct. This is an acceptable method of identification.

A nurse is assisting with the orientation of a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should explain that it is important to have a second nurse review the dosage of high-alert medications, such as heparin and insulin, for which of the following reasons?

Dosage errors have the potential for significant harm to the client.

A nurse is preparing to administer insulin subcutaneously to a client. The nurse should document the administration of the medication immediately after which of the following actions?

Injecting the insulin

A nurse is reviewing a client's prescriptions. The nurse should contact the provider to clarify which of the following prescriptions?

Morphine 2.5 mg IV bolus PRN for incisional pain

A nurse is caring for a client who received lisinopril (Zestril) 30 min ago and is now reporting dizziness and headache. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Obtain the client's vital signs.

A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to a toddler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Offer the child a choice of taking the medication with either a cup or a spoon.

A nurse is planning atraumatic care for a preschooler who has a prescription for an intramuscular medication. A parent is with the child. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Provide an explanation of the hospital alarm system is correct. The hospital environment is strange, with sounds that can startle children. Preparing children and their parents for what to expect is helpful. Leave the door to the child's room open is incorrect. The nurse should plan to keep the door closed to provide privacy and a feeling of security. Ask the parent to wait outside when administering the child's medications is incorrect. Allowing the parent to stay with and comfort the child will provide reassurance. Suggest that the parent bring the child's favorite toy to the hospital is correct. Providing the child with a familiar, treasured object from home will provide comfort. Use a doll to demonstrate how the nurse will administer the intramuscular medication is correct. The nurse should use a doll to demonstrate how she will perform a procedure. This prepares the child for what to expect and also can demonstrate calmness and gentleness on the part of the nurse.

A nurse is providing teaching regarding medication administration to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following is a legal responsibility of a nurse?

Reporting medication errors

A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive omeprazole (Prilosec) 40 mg PO daily. The client tells the nurse that the pill is too hard to swallow. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Request a liquid form of the medication from the pharmacy.

A nurse is transcribing a provider's prescription for a client. The prescription reads morphine 2 mg IV bolus at 1400. The nurse recognizes this as which of the following types of medication orders?

Single order

A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 40 mEq PO daily. Available is potassium chloride 20 mEq effervescent tablets. In addition to checking the correct dosage before administering the medication, the nurse should check which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

The amount of liquid in which to dissolve the tablets is correct. The nurse should check how much liquid to use because the amount of liquid affects the dilution of the medication, and the ease of absorption. The nurse should follow the directions on the package insert. The type of liquid in which to dissolve the tablets is correct. The nurse should check the type of liquid to use because it affects the chemical nature of the mixture, as well as the absorption of the dissolved medication. The nurse should read the package insert for acceptable choices. The client's blood glucose level is incorrect. It is not necessary for the nurse to check the client's blood glucose level because it is not a factor in deciding whether to give or withhold this medication. The client's blood pressure is incorrect. It is not necessary for the nurse to check the client's blood pressure because it is not a factor in deciding whether to give or withhold this medication. The acceptable dose range of the medication is correct. The nurse should check the acceptable dosage range in a medication reference to ensure the dosage is appropriate for the client.

A nurse is in a client's room preparing to administer docusate sodium (Colace) PO and acetaminophen (Tylenol) PO. The client refuses to take the medications because of nausea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take

Withhold the medications