G & D Coarse Practice Exam ATI 2021

Which developmental stage is Jean Piaget's first stage of cognitive development? +Sensorimotor +Preoperational +Formal operational +Concrete operational

+Sensorimotor

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about health promotion with an adolescent. The nurse include which of the following as the leading cause of death among this age group? +Suicide +Homicide +Injuries +Cancer

+Injuries

A nurse is caring for 3-year-old children. At what stage of cognitive thought does the nurse expect them to be? +Intuitive +Abstract +Concrete +Preconceptional

+Preconceptional

While playing, a child takes a few pebbles and places them in order from smallest to largest. Which stage of cognitive development does the child's behavior demonstrate? +Sensorimotor +Preoperational +Formal operations +Concrete operations

+Concrete operations

A nurse is checking a school-age child for pediculosis capitis. Which of the following findings is a definitive indication of this condition? +Itching and scratching of the head +Firmly attached white particles on the hair +Patchy areas of hair loss +Thick, yellow-crusted lesions on a red base

+Firmly attached white particles on the hair

A nurse is collecting data from a 6-month-old infant in the well child clinic. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? +Infant sits well without support. +Infant's birth weight is tripled. +Lateral incisors are present. +Posterior fontanel is closed.

+Posterior fontanel is closed.

A parent asks a nurse about toys to provide for a 10-month-old infant. Which of the following toys should the nurse suggest? +Push-pull toy +Crib gym +Large-piece puzzles +Coloring book with crayons

+Push-pull toy

The nurse is reviewing the stages of sexual developmental with a 12-year-old male The nurse should identify that which of the following pubertal changes occurs first? +Development of facial hair +Vocal changes +Reddening of scrotal skin +Coarse hair present across pubis

+Reddening of scrotal skin

A nurse is collecting data from a 6-year-old child at a well-child visit. Which of the following statements by the child's parent should the nurse report the provider? "The teacher says my child has to squint to see the board." "My child has recently lost both front top teeth." "My child often cheats when we play board games." "Sometimes my child has temper tantrums."

"The teacher says my child has to squint to see the board."

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who had an incident of bedwetting during hospitalization. The child's parents expresses concern about the incident. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? +"Children who are hospitalized often regress. The toileting skills will return when your child is feeling better." +"I know this can be embarrassing. I have kids myself so I understand, and it doesn't bother me." +"Why is she wetting the bed in the hospital? She must wet the bed at home." +"I will discuss your child's loss of bladder control with the provider."

+"Children who are hospitalized often regress. The toileting skills will return when your child is feeling better."

A nurse at a pediatric hotline receives a call from a mother who plans to administer aspirin to a toddler for a fever and wants to know the dosage. Which of the following statements by the nurse is an appropriate response? +"You'll have to call your physician." +"Give her no more than three baby aspirin every 4 hours." +"Give her acetaminophen, not aspirin." +"Follow the directions on the aspirin bottle for her age and weight."

+"Give her acetaminophen, not aspirin." (The nurse should instruct the mother to administer acetaminophen. Administering aspirin to the toddler can cause Reye Syndrome, an acute encephalopathy condition.)

A nurse is collecting data from a 10-year-old child during a well child visit. Which of the following statements by the child indicates he is meeting the psychosocial development expectations of a school-age child? +"I really want to do well in school." +"I like to collect rocks." +"My parents set rules that I need to follow." +"I can do simple math problems in my head."

+"I really want to do well in school." (Erikson's stages of psychosocial development for a 10 yo client is industry bs inferiority. Children at this age want to perform well in school to develop a sense of accomplishment)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about nutrition with a parent of an infant. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? +"I should start solid foods when my baby is 3 months old." +"I should introduce cow's milk when my baby is 9 months old." +"I should wait to give my baby fruit juice until 6 months of age." +"I should offer my baby well-cooked table foods at 8 months of age."

+"I should start solid foods when my baby is 3 months old." (the parent should introduce solid foods btwn 4-6 mo) +"I should introduce cow's milk when my baby is 9 months old." (Cow's milk lacks the nutrients an infant needs to grow Wait until after 12 mo) ANSWER: +"I should wait to give my baby fruit juice until 6 months of age." (Fruit juice provides minimal nutritional value to the infant's diet. Therefore, the parent should limit the infant's fruit juice intake and not offer it until 6 mo of age) +"I should offer my baby well-cooked table foods at 8 months of age." (wait until 12 mo for ability to chew adequately)

A nurse is caring for an adolescent. The nurse should expect that the adolescent is working on which of the following developmental tasks? +Building a sense of trust +Learning to use creative energies +Learning to perform tasks independently +Defining a sense of self

+Defining a sense of self (An adolescent is working on meeting Erikson's developmental task of identity vs identity confusion. This stage is defined by the establishment of an identity or a sense of self.)

During a routing well-child visit, a nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a preschool-age child whom they have difficulty getting to sleep. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching? +"I will allow my child to watch TV to help him go to sleep." +"I will let my child fall asleep with me, and then move him to his own bed." +"I will make sure the room is dark when placing my child in bed." +"I will encourage my child to fall asleep with his favorite toy."

+"I will encourage my child to fall asleep with his favorite toy."

Which statement by a nursing student about Kohlberg's theory of moral development indicates the need for further teaching about the theory? +"Individuals move through all six stages in a sequential fashion." +"Moral development progresses in relation to cognitive +development." +"A person's ability to make moral judgments develops over a period of time." +"It provides a framework for understanding how individuals determine a moral code to guide his or her behavior."

+"Individuals move through all six stages in a sequential fashion."

The mother of a 4-year-old child tells a nurse that her child is reluctant to go to bed at night. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? +"Allow your child an additional 30 minutes of play time before bed." +"Let your child sleep in your bed with you." +"Keep a night light on in your child's room." +"Stay with your child until he is asleep if he begins to cry."

+"Keep a night light on in your child's room."

A nurse is reinforching teaching with new parents on the proper way to use an infant car seat. Which of the following statements by the parents should indicate to the nurse a need for further teaching? +"My husband refuses to use a previously owned car seat unless it has the instructions" +"My baby will be comforted in the back seat by being able to watch me while I drive." +"I will place the infant safety seat in the meddle of the back seat, away from the windows." +"We will need to go by the weight and height of our child when deciding to change to a booster seat."

+"My baby will be comforted in the back seat by being able to watch me while I drive."

A nurse is talking with a 13-year-old female client who is having her annual health-screening visit. Which of the following comments by the client should concern the nurse? +"My parents treat me like a baby sometimes." +"I start taking ibuprofen a few days before my period starts." +"None of the kids at my school like me, and I don't like them either." +"There's a pimple on my face, and I worry that everyone will notice it."

+"None of the kids at my school like me, and I don't like them either."

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with the mother of a preschool-age child. The mothers tells the nurse that her son is a "picky eater." Which of the following responses should the nurse make? +"Have your child remain at the table to increase food intake." +"Add extra fruit juice to your child's daily intake to increase vitamin intake." +"The quantity of food is more important than the quality of food." +"Preschool-age children eat slightly more than toddlers."

+"Preschool-age children eat slightly more than toddlers." (The eat half the amount of an adult and only slightly more than a toddler.)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about car seat safety with the parents of a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? +"Our car seat is an infant model and is securely anchored." +"Our car seat is rear-facing in the back passenger seat." +"Our car seat harness fastens snuggly, and the seat is securely +anchored." +"The car seat is front-facing in the back passenger seat."

+"The car seat is front-facing in the back passenger seat."

A nursing instructor asks a nursing student to describe the formal operations stage of Piaget's cognitive developmental theory. The appropriate response by the nursing student is which? +"The child has the ability to think abstractly." +"The child develops logical thought patterns." +"The child begins to understand the environment." +"The child has difficulty separating fantasy from reality."

+"The child has the ability to think abstractly."

The parents of a 4-year-old child tell the nurse that they are concerned because the child has been masturbating. Which is the appropriate response by the nurse? +"This is a normal behavior at this age" +"Children usually begin this behavior at the age of 8 years" +"This is not normal behavior. The child should be brought to the mental health clinic" +"The child is very young to begin this behavior and should be brought to the mental health clinic"

+"This is a normal behavior at this age"

The father of a toddler asks a nurse at a well-child clinic what to do when his child kicks and screams during temper tantrums. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? +"Tell your toddler that temper tantrums are not acceptable." +"You should punish your toddler when the tantrum stops." +"You should ignore your toddler's temper tantrums." +"You should offer your child a reward if he stops the tantrum."

+"You should ignore your toddler's temper tantrums." (The parent should ignore the toddler's attention-seeking behavior, so the child realizes that expressing himself in this method is not effective way to communicate)

A nurse is teaching a mother about the immunization schedule for her baby. Between which months of age should the measles vaccine be given? +2 and 5 +6 and 8 +9 and 11 +12 and 15

+12 and 15 (The measles vaccine is not given btwn 2 and 5 mo, btwn 6 and 8 mo, or btwn 9 and 11 mo because of the questionable efficacy of the vaccination, due to the presence of maternal antibodies. Btwn 12 and 15 mo is the optimal age because maternal antibodies to measles are no longer present to block the formation of the child's own antibodies.)

A nurse is selecting a toy for a 7-month-old infant. Which of the following toys should the nurse choose? +A set of blocks to build a block tower +A colorful crib mobile that plays music +A soft toy that squeaks or crackles when squeezed +A wooden farm animal puzzle with large pieces

+A soft toy that squeaks or crackles when squeezed

A nurse in an urgent care clinic is assisting with the care of a toddler who ingested 30 tablets of aspirin. Which of the following substances should the nurse administer to the toddler? +Activated charcoal +Acetylcysteine +A chelating agent +Digoxin immune FAB

+Activated charcoal (the nurse should assist with administering activated charcoal to a toddler who has ingested aspirin because it will decontaminate the toddler's gastrointestinal tract.)

Which stage of development is observed in a 9-year-old child according to Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory? +Sensorimotor +Preoperational +Formal operational +Concrete operational

+Concrete operational

A nurse is collecting data from 15-year-old adolescent client who has a new diagnosis for diabetes mellitus in order to assist with reinforcing teaching about self-management skills. The nurse should expect the client to be in which of the following phases of cognitive development? +Preconceptual phase +Intuitive thought phase +Concrete operations phase +Formal operations phase

+Formal operations phase

A middle-aged adult contributes to future generations through parenthood, teaching, and community involvement. To which stage of Erikson's theory does this relate? +Ego integrity versus despair +Intimacy versus isolation +Identity versus role confusion +Generativity versus stagnation

+Generativity versus stagnation

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 2-year-old child who has a tantrum when a parent leaves. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? +Call the parent to return to the child's room. +Leave the child alone in the room for 5 min. +Inform the child that her parent will be back in 2 hr. +Give the child a stuffed animal.

+Give the child a stuffed animal. (A nurse should provide a transitional object for a child who is experiencing separation anxiety and exhibiting temper tantrum behaviors. This object can aid the child in feeling safe.)

A nurse is preparing to administer scheduled immunizations to a 5-year-old child. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse plan to administer? +Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) +​Hepatitis B (Hep B) +Varicella (VAR) +​Meningococcal (MCV4)

+Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) (given at 2, 4, 6, and/or 12 to 15 months) +​Hepatitis B (Hep B) (first dose = birth, second dose btwn 1 and 2 mo and final dose btwn 6-18 mo) +Varicella (VAR) (first dose + 12 to 15 mo and second dose is given at 4-6 yr old) +​Meningococcal (MCV4) (given at 11 to 12 yrs old and those who will be living in college dormitories, if not previously vaccinated)

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of an adolescent about expected development. Which of the following developmental tasks should the nurse instruct the parents to expect the adolescent to achieve? +Trust +Initiative +Identity +Autonomy

+Identity

A nurse is planning home care for a school-age child who is awaiting discharge to home following an acute asthma attack. Which of the following growth and development stages according to Erikson should the nurse consider in the planning? +Autonomy vs. shame and doubt +Initiative vs. guilt +Industry vs. inferiority +Identity vs. role confusion

+Industry vs. inferiority

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about relationship development. The nurse should explain that, according to Erikson, establishing relationships with commitment is a primary task of which of the following stages of psychosocial development? +Generativity vs Stagnation +Identity vs Role Diffusion +Intimacy vs Isolation +Trust vs Mistrust

+Intimacy vs Isolation

The nurse is caring for an older client who is terminally ill. Which signs indicate to the nurse that death may be imminent? +Rubor and warm skin +Eupnea and normal body temperature +Irregular, noisy breathing and cold, clammy skin +Presence of swallowing reflex and active bowel sounds

+Irregular, noisy breathing and cold, clammy skin

A hospice nurse is caring for a client who is approaching death and has fecal incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? +Insert a lubricated rectal tube gently +Request a prescription for lactulose from the provider +Keep disposable undergarments clean and dry +Place an occlusive dressing over the client's buttocks every 8 hr.

+Keep disposable undergarments clean and dry

A nurse is providing palliative care to a client who is receiving hospice care and is approaching death. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply) +Keep the client warm with an electric blanket. +Do not force the client to stay awake. +Position the client on her side. +Perform mouth care with moist swabs. +Administer pain medication IM when the client can no longer swallow.

+Keep the client warm with an electric blanket- is incorrect. (Clients who are approaching death have decreased circulation to the extremities and should be covered with a blanket. However, an electric blanket poses the risk of burning the client's skin.) ANSWER: +Do not force the client to stay awake is correct. (As death approaches, the client's metabolic rate decreases causing the client to sleep more. ANSWER: +Position the client on her side is correct. (As death approaches, the client is unable to cough up secretions effectively. Placing the client on her side will prevent aspiration of secretions.) ANSWER: +Perform mouth care with moist swabs is correct. (As death approaches, the lips and mucous membranes become dry. Performing frequent mouth care will provide comfort.) +Administer pain medication IM when the client can no longer swallow is incorrect. (As death approaches and the client can no longer swallow, pain medication should be administered by the rectal, transdermal, intravenous, or subcutaneous route. The IM route should be avoided as it is painful and drug distribution is inconsistent among clients approaching death)

The nurse is caring for a client with terminal cancer who is close to death. In reviewing the plan of care, the nurse determines that which action is a priority? +Keep the client well sedated so the client is totally unaware of what is actually happening. +Maintain the client's dignity and self-esteem, and make the client as comfortable as possible. +Make sure that the family has privacy and is kept informed of what is happening at all times. +Carry out the health care provider's prescriptions so that all prescribed treatments are carried out on time.

+Maintain the client's dignity and self-esteem, and make the client as comfortable as possible.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the mother of a 14-month-old child safe food choices. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend? +Mashed potatoes +Raw carrots +Popcorn +Watermelon with seeds

+Mashed potatoes

A nurse is planning care for a 4-year-old child who has been admitted to the hospital Which of the following toys should the nurse plan to provide the child? +Modeling clay +Brightly-colored mobile +100-piece jigsaw puzzle +Checkerboard and checkers

+Modeling clay

A nurse is assessing the psychosocial development of an 18-month old toddler. The nurse should recognize that this stage is characterized by which of the following behaviors? +Creating imaginary playmates +Exhibiting Erikson's stage of initiative versus guilt +Demonstrating sexual curiosity +Offering negative responses due to the need for autonomy

+Offering negative responses due to the need for autonomy

What is the characteristic of play among toddlers? +Toddlers play with each other +Toddlers play beside each other +Toddlers play in organized groups +Toddlers play by themselves

+Toddlers play with each other (Preschoolers: associative play) ANSWER: +Toddlers play beside each other (Parallel play) +Toddlers play in organized groups (School age- cooperative play) +Toddlers play by themselves (Infants: solitary play)

A nurse has accepted a position on a pediatric unit and is learning more about psychosocial development. Identify the order of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development from birth through 18 years of (put in order) +Autonomy vs shame and doubt +Industry vs inferiority +Identity ns role confusion +Initiative vs guilt +Trust vs mistrust

+Trust vs mistrust +Autonomy vs shame and doubt +Initiative vs guilt +Industry vs inferiority +Identity ns role confusion

A nurse is reinforcing health promotion teaching with the parents of a toddler. Which of the following should the nurse include as the leading cause of death among this age group? +Congenital anomalies +Heath Disease +Unintentional injuries +Cancer

+Unintentional injuries

The nurse is providing an education class to health older adults. Which exercise will best promote health maintenance? +Gardening every day for an hour +Sculpting once a week for 40 minutes +Cycling three times a week for 20 minutes +Walking three to five times a week for 30 minutes

+Walking three to five times a week for 30 minutes

A nurse is caring for several clients at various developmental stages. The nurse understands that according to Erikson, acceptance of death occurs at which of the following stages of psychosocial development? +​Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt +​Generativity vs. Stagnation +​Identity vs. Role Diffusion +​Integrity vs. Despair

+​Integrity vs. Despair

A nurse in a pediatric clinic is talking with a parent of a toddler. The parent tells the nurse that her toddler drinks a quart of milk a day. The nurse should recognize that the toddler is at risk for which the the following disorders? +​Iron-deficiency anemia +Beriberi +​Diabetes mellitus +Dehydration

+​Iron-deficiency anemia (children btwn the ages of 12 and 36 mo are at risk for iron- deficiency anemia when cow's milk, which is poor in iron, is a major component of their diet)

A nurse is collecting data from an 8-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? +Positive Babinski reflex +Positive crawl reflex +Changes from a prone to a sitting position +Has lower lateral incisors

ANSWER: +Positive Babinski reflex (The Babinski reflex does not disappear until a child is 12 months old. Therefore, this finding is expected in an 8-month-old infant.) +Positive crawl reflex (+The crawl reflex disappears at 6 weeks of age) +Changes from a prone to a sitting position (An infant who is 10 months old should be able to change from prone to a sitting position) +Has lower lateral incisors (An infant who is 11 months old will begin to have lower lateral incisors erupt.)

A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old child. The child's provider has ordered a diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine to be administered. Which of the following should cause the nurse to question the administration of this vaccine? +Afebrile otitis media +Evidence of sensitivity to egg antigens +Temperature of 40.5*C (104.9*F) after last DTaP +New onset of seizure disorder in the child's sibling

NSWE +Afebrile otitis media (A mild childhood illness without a fever, and in the absence of other manifestations, is not a reason to withhold the DTaP vaccine) +Evidence of sensitivity to egg antigens (This is not a contraindication for this vaccine) ANSWER: +Temperature of 40.5*C (104.9*F) after last DTaP (The DTaP vaccine is a 3-in-1 vaccine that protects against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. A high fever is serious side effect. If a dose of DTaP vaccine were to be given again, it might cause serious or life-threatening adverse reaction.) +New onset of seizure disorder in the child's sibling (Only if the child to be immunized has manifestations of a neurologic disorder should this be considered a potential contraindication for the administration of the DTaP vaccine.)