Gas Law Final Review
A gas has a temperature of 14 C, a pressure of 250kPa and a volume of 4.5 liters. If the temperature is raised to 29 C and the pressure is not changed, what is the new volume of the gas?
4.7 L
The volume of a gas-filled balloon is 30.0 L at 313 K and 153 kPa pressure. What would the volume be at standard temperature and pressure (STP)?
40 L
Why are aersol cans dangerous? The gas in an aerosol can is at a pressure of 103 kPa at 25 c. If the aersol can is put into a fire, what will the pressure be when the temperature reaches 928 c.
415 kPa
If a gas in a closed container is pressurized from 15.0 atmospheres to 16.0 atmospheres and its original temperature was 25.0 °C, what would the final temperature of the gas be in degrees Celsius?
44.9 °C
568 cm3 of chlorine at 25° C will occupy what volume at -25° C while the pressure remains constant?
473 cm3
If I have 17 moles of gas at a temperature of 67 C, and a volume of 88.89 liters, what is the pressure of the gas in atm?
5.33atm
A sample of neon occupies a volume of 461 mL at STP. What will be the volume of the neon when the pressure is reduced to 93.3 kPa?
501 mL
Carbon dioxide gas (CO2) has a pressure of 3.4 atm at 287K and a volume of 8.5L. What is the mass of the CO2. The molar mass of CO2 is 44g/mole.
540g
A container holds 50.0 mL of nitrogen at 25° C and a pressure of 736 mm Hg. What will be its volume if the temperature increases by 35° C?
55.9 mL
A balloon contains 7.2 L of He. The pressure is reduced to 2.00 atm and the balloon expands to occupy a volume of 25.1 L. What was the initial pressure exerted on the balloon?
7.0 atm
If a scuba tank that has a capacity of 10.0 L is filled with air to 500.0 KPa, what will be the volume of the air at 702.6 KPa?
7.12 L
Oxygen gas is at a temperature of 40 C when it occupies a volume of 2.3 L. To what temperature should it be raised to occupy a volume of 6.5 L?
884.6 K
A gas balloon has a volume of 106.0 liters when the temperature is 45.0 °C and the pressure is 740.0 mm of mercury. What will its volume be at 20.0 °C and 780 .0 mm of mercury pressure?
93.5 L
For a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as the temperature increases.
Charles Law (define in words)
V1/T1 = V2/T2
Charles Law (equation)
Direct
Charles Law (graph and relationship)
the volume of a given mass of gas at a constant pressure varies directly as its absolute temperature; V1T2 = V2T1
Charles' Law
combines Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, Amonton's Law, and Avogadro's Law; P1V1n2T2 = P2V2n1T1
Combined Gas Law
P1V1/T1= P2V2/T2
Combined Gas Law (Equation)
in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases; P-total = P1 + P2 + P3 . . .
Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure
Gas particles going from an area of high concentration to low is called _____________.
Diffusion
Gas particles pushing or leaking out through small openings in the container
Effusion
Heating up the molecules of a gas allow the particles to move......
Faster
P1/T1 = P2 /T2
Gay-Lussac's Law (Equation)
For a fixed amount of gas at a constant volume, the pressure of the gas increases as the temperature increases.
Gay-Lussac's Law (define in words)
Direct
Gay-Lussac's Law (graph and relationship)
Which will effuse faster: CH4 or He?
He
the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas; PV = nRT
Ideal Gas Law
PV=nRT
Ideal Gas Law (equation)
If I contain 3 moles of gas in a container with a volume of 60 liters and at a temperature of 400 K, what is the pressure inside the container in kPa?
166 kPa
...A breathing mixture used by deep-sea divers contains helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. What is the partial pressure of oxygen at 101.3 kPa total pressure if PHe = 84.0 kPa and Pco2 = 0.10 kPa?
17.2 kPa
A helium balloon at 28ºC has a volume of 2.1 L and a pressure of 124 kPa. What is the PRESSURE of the balloon when is rises into the atmosphere where the volume is 1.4L and the temperature is 10ºC?
175 kPa
A balloon inflated in a room at 24 c has a volume of 4.00 L. The balloon is then heated to a temperature of 58.0 c . What is the new volume if the pressure remains constant?
4.46 L
A mixture of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas is collected in a container. The partial pressure of each gas is 2.3 atm, 1.2 atm and 850 mmHg. What is the total pressure in the container? 1 atm = 760 mmHg.
4.6 atm
If I have 1.9 moles of gas held at a pressure of 5 atm and in a container with a volume of 50 liters, what is the temperature of the gas?
39K
...At 34.0 c the pressure inside a nitrogen filled tennis ball with a volume of 0.148 L is 2.09atm. How many moles of nitrogen gas are in the tennis ball?
0.0122 mol
A sample of hydrogen has an initial temperature of 50.° C. When the temperature is lowered to -5.0° C, the volume of hydrogen becomes 212 cm3. What was the initial volume of the hydrogen in cm3?
0.256 cm3
If I have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 30 kPa, a volume of 15 liters, and a temperature of 200 K, how many moles of gas do I have?
0.27 moles
A gas has a pressure of 0.370 atm at 50.0 °C. What is the pressure at standard temperature?
0.313 atm
If I have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 0.5 atm, a volume of 25 liters, and a temperature of 300 K, how many moles of gas do I have?
0.5 mol
A mixture of neon and argon gases exerts a total pressure of 2.39 atm. The partial pressure of the neon alone is 1.84 atm, what is the partial pressure of the argon?
0.55 atm
If I have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 105 kPa, a volume of 15 liters, and a temperature of 0 C, how many moles of gas do I have?
0.69 moles
A gas is heated from 263.0 K to 298.0 K and the volume is increased from 24.0 liters to 35.0 liters by moving a large piston within a cylinder. If the original pressure was 1.00 atm, what would the final pressure be?
0.77 atm
If I have 0.275 moles of gas at a temperature of 75 K and a pressure of 1.75 atmospheres, what is the volume of the gas?
0.96 L
Standard pressure
1 atmosphere
If I contain 2 moles of gas in a container with a volume of 40 liters and at a temperature of 300 K, what is the pressure in atm inside the container?
1.23atm
If I have 2.4 moles of gas held at a temperature of 97 C and in a container with a volume of 45 liters, what is the pressure of the gas?
1.6 atm
If I have 2.4 moles of gas held at a temperature of 97 C and in a container with a volume of 45 liters, what is the pressure of the gas in atm?
1.62 atm
2.5 g of H2 gas has a temp of 300K, a volume of 2.8L. What is the pressure of the hydrogen gas? The molar mass of hydrogen gas is 2g/mole.
11 atm
I have an unknown volume of gas at a pressure of 0.5 atm and a temperature of 325 K. If I raise the pressure to 1.2 atm, decrease the temperature to 320 K, and measure the final volume to be 48 liters, what was the initial volume of the gas?
117 L
A sample of oxygen occupies a volume of 160 cm3 at 91° C. What will be volume of oxygen when the temperature drops to 0.00° C?
120 cm3
A balloon contains 30.0 L of helium gas at 103kPa. What is the volume of the helium when the balloon rises to an altitude where the pressure is only 25.0 kPa?
124 L
If I have 21 moles of gas held at a pressure of 7901 kPa and a temperature of 900 K, what is the volume of the gas?
19.8L
352 mL of chlorine under a pressure of 680. mm Hg are placed in a container under a pressure of 1210 mm Hg. The temperature remains constant at 296 K. What is the volume of the container in liters?
198 mL
If I have 4 moles of a gas at a pressure of 5.6 atm and a volume of 12 liters, what is the temperature?
2,046 K
A sample of carbon dioxide occupies a volume of 3.50 L at 125 kPa. What pressure would the gas exert if the volume were decreased to 2.00 L?
218.75 Kpa
The temperature of a sample of gas in a steel container at 30.0 kPa is increased from −100.0 °C to 1.00 x 103 °C. What is the final pressure inside the tank.
220kPa
If I have 4.2 moles of gas at a pressure of 4 atm and at a temperature of 24 C, what is the volume of the container that the gas is in?
25.6 L
A 30.0 L sample of nitrogen inside a metal container at 20.0 °C is placed inside an oven whose temperature is 50.0 °C. The pressure inside the container at 20.0 °C was 3.00 atm. What is the pressure of the nitrogen after its temperature is increased?
3.31 atm
What is the pressure of a tank that has 2.3 atm O2, 1.2 atm of CO2 and 0.4 atm of H2?
3.9 atm
A gas takes up a volume of 17 liters, has a pressure of 2.3 atm, and a temperature of 299 K. If I raise the temperature to 350 K and lower the pressure to 1.5 atm, what is the new volume of the gas?
31 L
Fluorine exerts a pressure of 900. torr. When the pressure is changed to 1140 torr, its volume is 250. mL. What was the original volume?
316.66 ml
The volume of gas filled balloon is 30.0 L at 313 K and a 153 kPa pressure. What would the volume be at STP?
39.5 L
equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules; the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional; V1n2=V2n1
Avogadro's Law
For a fixed amount of an ideal gas kept at a fixed temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional; P1V1 = P2V2
Boyle's Law
For a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas increases as the pressure decreases.
Boyle's Law (define in words)
P1V1 = P2V2
Boyle's Law (equation)
Inverse
Boyle's Law (graph and relationship)
Which gas law is involved when a balloon pops after being sat on?
Boyle's Law example
A fly away balloon will eventually ......
Burst because increased altitude will decrease external pressure allowing the internal pressure of the balloon to expand the balloon beyond its capacity.
Which will effuse faster: CO2 or CH4?
CH4
As the volume of confined gas decreases at constant temperature, the pressure exerted by the gas___________.
Increases
unit of measurement used for temperature
Kelvin
1) mass no volume 2) no forces exerted 3) constant, random motion 4) elastic collisions 5) kinetic energy based on temperature regardless of gas
Kinetic Molecular Theory
collection of rules that describe the behavior of gases
Kinetic Molecular Theory
If MORE gas molecules created MORE collisions with the sides of a container, then there will be_____
MORE pressure
the temperature of 0°C and pressure of 1 atm
STP
a unit of measurement used to describe pressure
atmosphere
spontaneous mixing of particles through continuous, rapid, random motion
diffusion
an encounter between two bodies in which the total kinetic energy of the two bodies after the encounter is equal to their total kinetic energy before the encounter
elastic collision
a theoretical gas composed of many randomly moving point particles that do not interact except when they collide elastically
ideal gas
"R" the universal constant in the gas equation: PV = nRT
ideal gas constant
energy that a particle possesses by virtue of being in motion
kinetic energy
unit of measurement used to describe volume in Ideal Gas Law
liters
the SI unit of amount of substance
mole
a force exerted by the substance per unit area on another substance
pressure
as opposed to a perfect or ideal gas - exhibit properties that cannot be explained entirely using the ideal gas law
real gas
Where would there be more air pressure - sitting at your desk, Boulder City Colorado or on top of a mountain?
sitting at your desk
A measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance
temperature
Standard temperature
zero degrees C
