Gen. Psych. Ch.3 Vocab
Artists use the trick of ______ to give the illusion of depth in a painting
texture gradient
________ is the name for the annoying ringing in one's ears.
Tinnitus
______ states that the smallest difference between two stimuli that is detectable 50 percent oft he time is always a constant
Weber's law
_____ are just beneath the skin and respond to pressure
pacinian corpuscles
which of the following is TRUE about color deficient vision
problems involving one set of cones can be an inherited recessive trait
research involving illusions
provides valuable information about how the sensory receptors and sense organs work
The tendency to interpret an object as always being the same size regardless of its distance from the viewer is
size constancy
the ________ controls the size of the pupil
iris
If you are experiencing habituation
...
Which of the following statements related to culture and perception is TRUE?
Culture can affect visual perception
the _______ illusion tends to occur more in societies with lots of buildings that have straight lines and corners
Muller-Lyer
_____ is due to the lack of functioning red cones
Protanopia
The linear perspective is an example of
a monocular cue
the sense of pain can be diminished by
a sense of control
______ is also called a muscular cue
accomodation
Which pictoral depth cue causes distant objects, such as mountains, to appear hazier than nearby objects?
aerial perspective
the most common cause of conduction hearing impairment is
an infection
People with extremely high numbers of taste buds
are called supertasters
the sense of smell is a _____ sense
chemical
the tiny, hairlike cells that project into the nasal cavity are known as
cilia
Nerve hearing impairment can be helped with the use of
cochlear implants
closure is the tendency to
complete figures that are incomplete
In Gestalt theories, the principle of closure refers to the tendency to
complete incomplete figures
it is the combination of ______ and the rate at which they are firing that determine the color that is seen
cones
________ is the tendency to perceive two things that happen close together in time as being related
contiguity
______ can inhibit transmission of pain signals in the brain
endorphins
the body's reaction to dizziness with nausea is
evolutionarily adaptive
In opponent-process theory, there are ______ primary colors
four
_______ is the way the brain deals with unchanging information from the environment
habituation
People who have difficulty with their hearing are said to be either totally or partially
hearing impaired
When someone is viewing an afterimage, it appears
in all the wrong colors
depth perception seems to develop
in early infancy
Red, yellow, and blue are the primary colors
in painting
Which of the following is TRUE about the lens?
it changes shape to bring objects into focus
Which of the following is TRUE about the Necker Cube?
it has conflicting sets of depth cues
The tendency for line that are actually parallel to seem to converge, as when you look down a long interstate highway, is
linear perspective
the bass tones rattling the windows of the car next to you at a red light are at
low pitch
According to the text, _____ have greater odds of having color-deficient vision than _______.
males; females
Which of the following statements best explains how the sense of taste works
molecules of food fit into receptors on taste beds, and neural signals are fired to the brain
The vestibular senses are concerned with
movement and body position
sensory information related to smell is processed in the
olfactory bulbs
a highly saturated red color would contain ________ wavelengths
only red
The _______ contains the receptor cells for the sense of hearing
organ of Corti
when you smell an odor, which aspect of the substance you are smelling actually enters your nose to create the sensation of smell?
particles of the substance itself
One's tendency to perceive things in a certain way because of previous experience or expectation is called
perceptual set
What portion of the ear serves as a funnel for sound from the outside world?
pinna
what sensory receptors are triggered by chemical substances?
receptors for taste and smell
Long wavelengths are at the _____ end of the visible spectrum, whereas short wavelengths are at the _____ end.
red; blue
which part of the eye receives sensory signals and relays that information to the brain?
retina
Terry stepped on a nail while walking around barefoot in her yard one week ago. The spot where the skin was punctured still hurts, reminding her to take it easy on her foot. The soreness Terry is experiencing is known as ______ pain
somatic
Brightness is determined by
the amplitude of the wave
when you close your eyes and raise your hand above your head, you know here your hand is because of
the kinesthetic sense
sound waves and light waves share
the properties of wavelength, amplitude, and purity
Which of the following is TRUE about pictorial depth cues?
the require visual cues from only one eye
Which of the following is TRUE about the otolith organs?
they are found just above the cochlea
which of the following is TRUE about rods?
they are responsible for peripheral vision
if you stare at something for a long time, it does not disappear because
tiny movements of the eyes keep them from adapting to what they see
The process of converting outside stimuli into neural activity is called
transduction
Lindemann proposed that the most recent taste to be identified should be called
umami
_____ sense is the body process that is mostly to blame if you become dizy after a long ride on a carousel
vestibular
_______ pain is detected in the organs
visceral
amplitude is interpreted as
volume
According to gate-control theory
when the spinal gates open farther there is a greater experince of pain
In studies of pain, research has shown that
women feel pain more intensely than men