General Bio - Homeostasis

Endotherm

An animal whose body controls and regulates its temperature by controlling the internal heat it produces

Positive Feedback

Feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output.

vasoconstriction causes the body to

Reduce blood flow and heat transfer by decreasing the diameter of superficial blood vessels.

how does the body respond to an increase in blood glucose after a meal

beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin, insulin trigger body cells to take in glucose, blood glucose levels return to set point

how does the body respond to a decrease in body temperature

blood vessels constrict, goose bumps appear, and we shiver to increase body temp

how does the body respond to an increase in body temperature

blood vessels dilate and we sweat to lower body temp

type 1 diabetes

diabetes caused by a total lack of insulin production; usually develops in childhood, and patients require insulin shots/pills

vasodilation causes the body to

increase in diameter of a blood vessel, increase transfer of heat from the body

Dehydration Symptoms

thirsty, lightheaded, dark/smelly urine, dry mouth/lips, and tired

ligand

signaling molecule that binds to a receptor

thermoregulation

Process of maintaining an internal temperature within a tolerable range.

receptor proteins

Proteins that transmit information in and out of cells. They allow communication between cells.

signal transduction pathway

The process by which a signal on a cell's surface is converted into a specific cellular response.

Negative Feedback

a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus; returning to set point

how does the body respond to a decrease in blood glucose

alpha cells of pancreas secrete glucagon, glucagon triggers liver and muscle cells to break down glycogen release glucose into blood, blood glucose levels return to set point

kidney

organ that regulates water balance - increase urine output when water concentration is high; decrease urine output when water concentration is low

Hypothalamus

part of the brain that detects changes in body temperature

Homeostasis

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

type 2 diabetes

progressive disorder in which body cells become less responsive to insulin usually develops along with obesity, can be controlled with exercise and healthy diet, may need supplemental insulin

Osmoregulation

regulation of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism