General Bio - Homeostasis
Endotherm
An animal whose body controls and regulates its temperature by controlling the internal heat it produces
Positive Feedback
Feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output.
vasoconstriction causes the body to
Reduce blood flow and heat transfer by decreasing the diameter of superficial blood vessels.
how does the body respond to an increase in blood glucose after a meal
beta cells of pancreas secrete insulin, insulin trigger body cells to take in glucose, blood glucose levels return to set point
how does the body respond to a decrease in body temperature
blood vessels constrict, goose bumps appear, and we shiver to increase body temp
how does the body respond to an increase in body temperature
blood vessels dilate and we sweat to lower body temp
type 1 diabetes
diabetes caused by a total lack of insulin production; usually develops in childhood, and patients require insulin shots/pills
vasodilation causes the body to
increase in diameter of a blood vessel, increase transfer of heat from the body
Dehydration Symptoms
thirsty, lightheaded, dark/smelly urine, dry mouth/lips, and tired
ligand
signaling molecule that binds to a receptor
thermoregulation
Process of maintaining an internal temperature within a tolerable range.
receptor proteins
Proteins that transmit information in and out of cells. They allow communication between cells.
signal transduction pathway
The process by which a signal on a cell's surface is converted into a specific cellular response.
Negative Feedback
a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus; returning to set point
how does the body respond to a decrease in blood glucose
alpha cells of pancreas secrete glucagon, glucagon triggers liver and muscle cells to break down glycogen release glucose into blood, blood glucose levels return to set point
kidney
organ that regulates water balance - increase urine output when water concentration is high; decrease urine output when water concentration is low
Hypothalamus
part of the brain that detects changes in body temperature
Homeostasis
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
type 2 diabetes
progressive disorder in which body cells become less responsive to insulin usually develops along with obesity, can be controlled with exercise and healthy diet, may need supplemental insulin
Osmoregulation
regulation of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism