General Psych chapters 7-9

Central Nervous system

Responsible for integrating, processing, and coordinating sensory input and motor output

ghrelin

A hunger-arousing hormone secreted by an empty stomach

According to the elaboration likelihood model, persuasion occurs through the _______ routes.

Central and Peripheral

Jenn is daydreaming during class about what she will eat for dessert tonight. She decides she will make chocolate cake, and her mouth begins to water just thinking about how delicious it will taste. Her mouth-watering response is due to?

Classical Conditioning

A form of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response after being associated with a stimulus that already elicits that response.

Classical conditioning

Ask for something quite large and receive a "no", then asks for something smaller and get a "yes".

Door-in-the-face

Antoinette is a real risk taker. She loves to skydive, and she can party all night. Benita dislikes risk taking and prefers quieter activities, such as reading and yoga. These contrasting preferences in the rate of physiological activation they experience suggest that Antoinette and Benita differ in their

Optimal levels of arousal

Fred wants to clean his room. Just as he starts, his roommate asks him to fix his computer. Then his boyfriend asks him to fix his car. Finally Fred starts to clean his room, but his best friend asks him to help move a couch. Fred angrily throws the cleaning supplies and curses. Freds aggressive behavior is best explained by

The frustration aggression hypothesis

After you finish a big meal, the level of glucose in your bloodstream increases. What happens next in order for your body to process glucose?

Your pancreas produces insulin to manage the glucose

Behaving in a way that confirms your own or other people's expectations is referred to as

a self fulfilling prophecy

reappraisal

changing one's emotional experience by changing the way one thinks about the emotion-eliciting stimulus

When Milgram modified his shock experience so that the experimenter gave the teacher orders over the telephone, the level of obedience

decreased

After a riot, several people were arrested. One asked, "How can you single me out of the crowd?" Another said, "Wow, I didn't think I would get caught!" These comments reveal that the rioters had most likely been experiencing

deindividuation

Kat wants a new laptop. She asks her parents to buy a $2,500 laptop. When they refuse, she suggests that they buy her a used laptop for $500, which they do. By starting out with a higher-priced item, knowing her parents will think the lower priced item is a more reasonable request, Kat is using the ________ strategy to get her parents to buy her a laptop.

door in the face

states that by asking something easy, than moving to something harder you will receive a "yes" for both.

foot-in-the-door

Troy finds it very hard to lose weight. No matter how often he exercises, he keeps gaining weight instead of losing it. He thinks that he has a genetic predisposition to be overweight, which has most likely made him sensitive to the hunger-promoting effects of

ghrelin

Robert becomes anxious during exams. He has found that chewing on the eraser on his pencil while he thinks helps him to calm down. Over time, Robert's pencil chewing is likely to become a(n)

habit

Donato and Quincy are identical twins who were separated at birth. Donato tends to be fearful of many things. According to the research on genetics and negative emotions, you would expect Quincy to have __________ levels of fear?

high

In sherif and his colleagues' study on ingroup and outgroup social behavior, they found that by simply dividing boys into two groups and having the groups compete against each other, they could

increase hostility and prejudice between groups

Though it appears to be negative, guilt can actually serve to protect and strengthen our interpersonal relationships. All of the following are examples of this protective concept EXCEPT when guilt

is used to manipulate others

Mr. Griffin has a class full of students with high achievement motivation. To help these students do well on his calculus exam, Mr. Griffin should write questions that are

moderately difficult

Alyssa and Amara's first year together was intense and arousing. Three years later, their relationship involves deep caring and intimacy. Alyssa and Amara's relationship has moved from ________ love to ________ love.

passionate; companionate

An active or conscious effort to change an attitude by sending message referred to as

persuasion

Peripheral Nervous System

provides sensory information to the CNS and carries motor commands from the CNS to the peripheral tissues and system.

Gwen has always experienced extreme anxiety regarding tests. After seeing a counselor, she learned how to regulate her emotions during exam week. Instead of thinking about the exams as a threat, she thinks of the exams as an opportunity to show how thoroughly she studied and how much she knows. Which strategy is Gwen using to regulate her emotions?

reappraisal

When re-creating Mischel's famous marshmallow delay-of-gratification study, Art finds that children who successfully wait to eat the marshmallow are LEAST likely to

stare at the marshmellow

When running through the airport, Collin trips and spills all of his stuff out of his backpack. Lots of people see Collin trip and fall, but no one helps Collin pick up any of his stuff or checks to see if he is okay. The fact that others do not help in this case is best explained by

the bystander intervention effect