General psychology

Nate begins to feel very thirsty during an annual sports meet in his college. Since he forgot to carry a bottle of water, Nate decides to go to the cafeteria to get some soda. Which of the following is responsible for urging Nate to walk toward the cafeteria to quench his thirst?

Drive

Laura is a corporate employee. As she is interested in art, Laura enrolls herself for oil painting classes. During weekends, she attends the lessons and derives huge satisfaction from painting portraits in oil. Which of the following is responsible for stimulating Laura to paint?

Intrinsic motivation

Gary's mother tells him that he must complete his homework before he goes out to play. Gary does not like to disobey his mother but he really wants to go out and play. He convinces himself that his mother has been mean to him lately so he can disobey her just this one time without feeling guilty. Gary is trying to change his attitude to fit his behavior most likely to reduce the _____ he is experiencing.

cognitive dissonance

Jenna studies judiciously for three hours every day because she wants to ace her pre-final exams. The force that guides Jenna to engage in such behavior is called _____.

motivation

Rachel's new roommate, Berta, has not done laundry for an entire week. Her clothes are lying all over their room. This leads Rachel to assume that Berta is an untidy and undisciplined person. What Rachel does not know is that Berta is currently taking finals and working 40 hours per week. In the context of social cognition, Rachel is primarily _____ to explain Berta's behavior.

relying on the false consensus effect

refers to the weight maintained when the individual makes no effort to gain or lose weight.

Set point

_____ refers to the impaired group decision making that occurs when making the right decision is less important than maintaining group harmony.

Groupthink

Nikita is an aspiring model. In order to fit into the standards of the fashion industry, she often starves herself. Even though she has a slim build, she never thinks she is thin enough. Nikita is mostly likely to be suffering from:

anorexia nervosa.

Adam is a teenager with a huge appetite. He has an uncontrollable urge to eat large portions of junk food within very short intervals of time. He is embarrassed by his eating disorder and hence, prefers eating alone. Adam is most likely suffering from:

binge eating disorder

According to the cognitive dissonance theory, when attitudes and behavior conflict, individuals are most likely to reduce cognitive dissonance by:

changing their attitudes to fit the behavior.

Samuel walks up to Katie and asks if she would be willing to wear a ribbon to show support for his cause. Though the ribbon is unattractive, it is small, so Katie agrees to wear it. Once Katie has agreed to this request, Samuel asks her if she would be willing to make a donation of $15 to his cause. Katie cannot refuse because she feels that Samuel is relying on her. In the context of persuasion, this scenario best demonstrates the _____ technique.

foot-in-the-door

A bicyclist claims that bicycle racing times would be faster if individuals raced in groups, because the knowledge of being in a group produces more energy to perform better. The bicyclist's claim is based on the concept of:

social facilitation

Dr. McCall found that student performance was poor when students worked in groups compared to when each student worked on an individual project. In the context of group influence, this difference in performance can be best explained with the concept of:

social loafing.

Which of the following best defines an instinct?

An innate biological pattern of behavior that is assumed to be universal throughout a species

According to self-determination theory, which of the following constitutes the three basic organismic needs of human beings?

Competence, autonomy, and relatedness

Though her weight is normal, Ashley is terrified of gaining extra pounds. She knows she should stick to a healthy diet, but she often consumes huge servings of junk food—up to 5,000 calories in one sitting. Desperate to keep her weight under control, she then uses laxatives and diuretics to purge the calories. Ashley is suffering from:

binge eating disorder. 2bulimia nervosa.

Stanley Milgram's experiment demonstrated the effect of _____.

obedience