GEO 210 Final

The following animals occur in the same place and time with one another.

Polar bears and penguins Alligators and cougars Polar bears and grizzly (brown) bears Dinosaurs and humans Mastodons and dinosaurs Elephants and tigers

Greenwich Time (GMT), also called Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and Zulu (Z), is the time zone that the ________________ runs through. <import GEOGE3_image>

Prime Meridian

What is the term for collection of information about an object without actually touching the object?

Remote sensing

What term describes a straight line of constant direction that crosses all meridians at the same angle?

Rhumb line

Which is correct about the rock cycle?

Rocks follow the rock cycle in any and all directions.

In terms of broad distribution patterns, ________ and ________ have a particularly close correlation.

climate, vegetation

What term best describes the map that presents shape but does not maintain correct area relationships?

conformal

All of the following geometric shapes are common map projection surfaces except which one?

cube

The observed increase in several greenhouse gases (like carbon dioxide) in earth's atmosphere during this century is mostly attributable to ___________.

human activities

A geographic study of the effects of hydrofracking on groundwater falls under the traditional spatial theme of ________.

human-Earth relationships

Glaciers are comprised of:

ice, sediment, and rock

Which statement describes latitude?

measurements made north or south

__________ feedback acts to stabilize a system.

negative

Which description applies to sun time?

noon is when the sun is over the meridian of the place

Which scenario is least likely to involve GIS?

nurse treating a patient's stitches

Rain drops are actually shaped like a:

rough sphere

On a gnomonic projection, the only location where all globe properties are preserved is the ________.

standard point

How is another way to write the coordinates 52° 30'S; 110°W?

-52.5°, -110°

What is the verbal scale for 1:316,800?

1 inch represents 5 miles

Which of the following is the largest scale?

1/24,000

If it is four in the afternoon at the Royal Greenwich Observatory, what is the Zulu time?

1600z

On a map with a scale of 1:31,680, what is the distance represented by a measured distance of 4 inches?

2 miles

How many minutes of time does it take for Earth to turn 10°?

40 minutes

How many inches are in a mile?

63,360

What is the time and day in Chicago (based on 90°W) if it is 3:15 a.m. Wednesday in Berlin (based on 15°E)?

8:15 p.m. Tuesday

What is the time in Perth, Australia (based on 120°E), if it is 10:45 p.m. Monday in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (based on 45°W)?

9:45 a.m. Tuesday

Which continent lies in all 4 hemispheres?

Africa

Which of the following statements about the atmosphere is correct?

Air consists of several gases, thoroughly mixed so that they behave like a single gas.

Which of these is the longest river in the world?

Amazon River

Prevailing (annual average) wind direction globally:

Blows in different directions based on latitude

Which is true about north on as a direction on Earth?

Can be towards any side of the map s defined based on physical reality

Which country has territory located the closest to the North Pole?

Canada

Although St. Louis and San Francisco are at roughly the same latitude, St. Louis's greater annual temperature variation is best explained by which weather and climate control:

Distribution of land and water (the continental effect)

Which is true about a river system

Erosion, transportation, and deposition occur in all parts of a river. Velocity continually increases downstream.

Regarding Europe:

Europe and Canada span approximately the same latitude north to south

Friction between tectonic plates causes volcanoes.

False

The deepest part of an ocean basin is always located at the center of it.

False

Weathering and erosion are different words for the same process.

False

What are tools that view, analyze, query, explore, and map spatial data?

GIS

Which of the following geographic tools would allow scientists to collect imagery that could be used to conduct a change assessment of affected areas immediately following a natural disaster such as a tsunami or flood?

GIS Remote sensing allows scientists to collect imagery of affected areas both before and after a natural disaster. GPS enables scientists to collect geographic coordinates for the location of specific areas of interest during the course of field assessment of the natural disaster. Automated cartography is a way to generate a map. Only GIS allows a scientist to combine data from multiple sources (e.g., imagery, field observations, census data, infrastructure sites, and other data sources) in one system to analyze the effects of one upon another for a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted impacts on an area from a natural disaster.

If you wanted to mark the location of a particular phenomenon so that its position could later be imported into a Geographic Information System, what technology would you use?

GPS

The Great Lakes (Superior, Michigan, Huron, Eerie, and Ontario) were created by __________ processes.

Glacial scouring

Which of the following geographic tools would be the best choice to take along on a long hike to help you find your way?

Global Positioning System

Which projection is noted for showing great circle routes as straight lines?

Gnomic

What produces the Earth's internal heat?

Heat left over from its formation Radioactivity

Where is most groundwater is found:

In the pores of rock and soil

Which country has the largest number of active volcanoes?

Indonesia

Which country has the largest number of earthquakes each year?

Indonesia

How do isoline maps show rapid change?

Isolines are close together.

Which is correct about the role of water in causing landslides?

It increases pore pressure and reduces stress.

Which is true about Antarctica?

It is a continent comprised of territories claimed and governed by several countries. It has no time zones.

Which correctly describes the Earth's crust?

It is comprised of both continental and oceanic crust, both of which rest on the mantle.

What is the composition of the Earth's mantle?

It is mostly solid.

Which of the following statements is TRUE about Kentucky's relative location?

KY is north of the tropic of Capricorn.

Is hot, humid air

Less dense than hot, dry air

Passive remote sensing platforms include all but

LiDAR

When are the equinoxes?

March 21 and September 22

Which of the following is causing current, documented sea-level rise?

Melting ice caps Expansion of warm ocean water

Venice, Italy is as far north as which U.S. city?

Minneapolis, MN

Which of these is the longest river in the U.S.?

Missouri River

Regarding Africa:

Most of Africa is north of the equator Africa is farther north than South America The northernmost point of Africa is roughly the same latitude of Norfolk, VA

"Earth Rise", humanity's first view of our home, was taken by Astronaut Bill Anders of the Apollo 8 mission. Is what we call "north" at the top of the Earth in the photo?

NO

Which is the most common gas in the atmosphere?

Nitrogen

Do stalactites in caves and icicles on the surface both form the same way?

No

Russia and Turkey are the only countries in the world whose contiguous area lies on two continents.

No

Regarding the locations of North and South America

North America is pretty much due north of South America North America is farther west than most of South America Continental South America is closer to Africa than the U.S.

Regarding continental Norway and Alaska:

Norway is farther north

Which of the following statements about energy from the Sun is correct?

On an energy distribution curve, the Sun's emissions peak at 0.5 micrometers.

Hawaii is characterized by unique physical features such as active volcanoes and tropical rainforests, as well as cultural features such as Polynesian influences and a thriving tourism industry. This description aligns most closely with which traditional spatial theme in geography?

Place

What theory describes massive lithospheric rearrangement based on the movement of continent-sized sections of earth?

Plate tectonics

Tsunamis can be caused undersea earthquakes. Which of the following data can directly lead to tsunami warnings being issued that may ultimately save lives after an undersea earthquake occurs?

Seismograph readings that allow scientists to know when and where the quake occurred as well as how much energy was released A seismogram is the print-out of earthquake waves generated by a seismograph instrument. An easy way to keep the two straight is to remember that a telegram is the message you receive from a telegraph operator.

Which is the correct sequence?

Sinkholes and caves form at the same time.

Which of the following methods is characteristic of geography

Spatial analysis

Which statement describes a solstice?

Summer begins in one hemisphere, and winter begins in the other.

The spatial distribution and value of natural resources change over time because of:

Technological innovations Climate change Pollution

Which of the following statements about the Clean Air Act (CAA) is correct?

The CAA saved $110 billion and 23,000 lives in 2010 alone.

The Earth's orbit around the sun is elliptical in shape.

The Sun is located at a focus of the ellipse

Which of the following factors contribute to air pressure?

The amount of air molecules

Which is true regarding the Moon's size?

The driving distance from Lexington, KY, to San Francisco, CA is longer than the Moon's diameter

Lightning bolts always travel from

The ground up

Water circles around a drain

The same direction in the northern and southern hemispheres

Which of the following statements regarding solar wind is correct?

The solar wind consists of electrically charged particles.

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the definition of the Earth's solstices?

The solstices are defined as being those times when the Earth is either closest to the Sun or farthest away from the Sun.

Describing absolute location on earth's spheroid surface requires the use of an artificial graticule reference system. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the system that we use

The starting places for both longitude and latitude are arbitrary.

The defining characteristic of deserts is which?

Their average annual aridity

How would seasons in Kentucky be affected if the earth were not tilted on its axis?

There would no longer be much of a difference between winter and summer temperatures.

Which has the fastest wind speeds

Tornadoes

Rivers and streams are the same thing

True

Clouds are comprised of

Water vapor

The position of the stars in the night sky

are constantly changing

Lines of latitude ____________.

are parallel to one another

Where do the majority of sinkholes form?

both places

In what format is the coordinate 38.5611°N, 110.0544°W?

decimal degrees

The climate study method that uses tree rings to determine past temperatures is:

dendrochronology

Which of the following represents an anthropogenic change to the lithosphere?

digging a landfill

Which of the following can cause a wave that would be correctly called a tsunami?

earthquake underwater landslide volcanic eruption

The two forces/processes that primarily determine the size, shape, and appearance of the Earth's landforms are:

tectonic forces and gradational processes.

Building dams, irrigating crops, and intentionally changing precipitation patterns through activities like cloud seeding all alter _______.

the hydrologic cycle

Place the following terms in the order in which they occur during landform development:

weathering, erosion, deposition Weathering involves breaking down materials. Erosion involves moving the weathered material from its place of origin. Deposition involves laying the materials down in a new place. Materials can't be moved if they haven't first been created, and they can't be deposited if they aren't first moving.